383 research outputs found
IDENTIFICATION OF HUMAN UNSELECTED MESENCHYMAL-LIKE MYOCARDIAL CELLS: Stem Cells for Myocardial Regeneration
No full textThe ideal candidate donor cell for myocardial reconstitution is an autologous cell that can be easily obtained and that, once placed into the myocardium, homes to the lesion, has a robust replication capacity with a low risk of neoplastic transformation, and differentiates into normal myocardium. Most adult mammalian tissues contain a population of multipotent undifferentiated cells with the characteristics of stem cells. These cells, under the appropriate conditions, are able to reconstitute all the cell types of the tissue of origin. Surprisingly, several of these putative stem cells exhibited an unsuspected degree of plasticity and were shown to be able to differentiate in cell types other than those in the tissue of origin. An effort has to be made to identify the best cellular target for new therapeutic approaches. Primitive cells with properties of stem cells are present in the myocardium, either as a resident population of embryonic origin or as a blood-born population that continuously seeds the tissue. The present work suggests that cardiac resident mesenchymal- like stem cells (C-MSCs) are a promising candidate for novel, cell-based treatment of the damaged heart
Le relazioni città-campagna nella "Storia del paesaggio agrario italiano"
No full textaltri autori: Massimo Quaini, Roberta Cevasco, Fiorella Dallari Federico Ferretti, Carlo Alberto Gemignani, Leonardo Rombai, Luisa Rossi, Stefano Piastra, Giacomo Polignano Bruno Vecchio, Chiara Visenti
Exploring genetic and immune underpinnings of the sexual dimorphism in tumor response to immune checkpoints inhibitors: A narrative review
No full textINTRODUCTION: In spite of the undisputed relevance of sex as critical biologic variable of the immune landscape, still limited is our understanding of the basic mechanisms implicated in sex-biased immune response thereby conditioning the therapeutic outcome in cancer patients. This hindrance delays the actual attempts to decipher the heterogeneity of cancer and its immune surveillance, further digressing the achievement of predictive biomarkers in the current immunotherapy-driven scenario. Body: The present review concisely reports on genetic, chromosomal, hormonal, and immune features underlying sex-differences in the response to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). In addition to outline the need of robust data on ICI pharmaco-kinetics/dynamics, our survey might provide new insights on sex determinants of ICI efficacy and suggests uncovered pathways that warrant prospective investigations. CONCLUSION: According to a sharable view, we propose to widely include sex among the co-variates when assessing the clinical response to ICI in cancer patients
A Reduced Order Modeling Technique to Study Bifurcating Phenomena: Application to the Gross--Pitaevskii Equation
No full textWe propose a computationally efficient framework to treat nonlinear partial differential equations having bifurcating solutions as one or more physical control parameters are varied. Our focus is on steady bifurcations. Plotting a bifurcation diagram entails computing multiple solutions of a parametrized, nonlinear problem, which can be extremely expensive in terms of computational time. In order to reduce these demanding computational costs, our approach combines a continuation technique and Newton's method with a reduced order modeling (ROM) technique, suitably supplemented with a hyperreduction method. To demonstrate the effectiveness of our ROM approach, we trace the steady solution branches of a nonlinear Schrödinger equation, called the Gross--Pitaevskii equation, as one or two physical parameters are varied. In the two-parameter study, we show that our approach is 60 times faster in constructing a bifurcation diagram than a standard full order method
Increased 2,5 -Adenylate synthetase activity in the spleens of balb/c mice during hypoxia-stimulated erythropoiesis.
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Predoni a casa nostra e il geografo solidale: Massimo Quaini tra terra e acqua
No full textIn accordance with the main goals of this collection of essays in honour of Massimo Quaini, the text focuses on a peculiar character of the Ligurian geographer’s sensibility, his attention to landscape protectionresearch activity developed in the context of the humanistic geography. Starting from a personal narrative based on his own reminiscences and neglected memories, the author tries to shed light on the relationships between civil commitment and cultural reflection which characterize environmental sensitivity, bringing together his interests with Quaini’s emotional geographies. Finally, some of Quaini’s everyday practicalities are highlighted as the easiest doorway to improve the cognitive procedures of cultural geography
Intense myocyte formation from cardiac stem cells in human cardiac hypertrophy
No full textIt is generally believed that increase in adult contractile cardiac mass can be accomplished only by hypertrophy of existing myocytes. Documentation of myocardial regeneration in acute stress has challenged this dogma and led to the proposition that myocyte renewal is fundamental to cardiac homeostasis. Here we report that in human aortic stenosis, increased cardiac mass results from a combination of myocyte hypertrophy and hyperplasia. Intense new myocyte formation results from the differentiation of stem-like cells committed to the myocyte lineage. These cells express stem cell markers and telomerase. Their number increased >13-fold in aortic stenosis. The finding of cell clusters with stem cells making the transition to cardiogenic and myocyte precursors, as well as very primitive myocytes that turn into terminally differentiated myocytes, provides a link between cardiac stem cells and myocyte differentiation. Growth and differentiation of these primitive cells was markedly enhanced in hypertrophy, consistent with activation of a restricted number of stem cells that, through symmetrical cell division, generate asynchronously differentiating progeny. These clusters strongly support the existence of cardiac stem cells that amplify and commit to the myocyte lineage in response to increased workload. Their presence is consistent with the notion that myocyte hyperplasia significantly contributes to cardiac hypertrophy and accounts for the subpopulation of cycling myocytes
And what about epidermal growth factor (EGF) as the bridge between survivin and cardiac remodelling?
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