262,749 research outputs found
Possibile interazione tra i livelli plasmatici dell'omocisteina e le abitudini alimentari come fattori di rischio per lo sviluppo di patologie nell’uomo umana: Il ruolo nutraceutico dei supplementi vitaminici
No full textValutare il ruolo nutraceutico di integratori vitaminici nella patologia umana associata a disturbi metabolici dell'omocisteina. L'omocisteina è un aminoacido che si forma nel corpo a partire dalla metionina. Il metabolismo dell'omocisteina è regolato dalle vitamine B6, B12, acido folico e betaine. I fattori che determinano l'iperomocisteinemia sono: genetica, dieta, disturbi renali e altre condizioni mediche. Questo lavoro descrive 4 soggetti italiani con grave iperomocisteinemia.
Lo screening genetico è stato eseguito mediante Next Generation Sequencing (NGS). Questa tecnologia innovativa consente di poter sequenziare l’interol genoma. Questo approccio è particolarmente promettente per la diagnosi di malattie neuromuscolari pediatriche, endocrine, disturbi metabolici, ecc., caratterizzati da una forte eterogeneità clinica e genetica. Utilizzando NGS è possibile eseguire una diagnosi genetica senza limitare l’attenzione a un singolo gene candidato.
Combinando i dati clinici con il report derivante dalla sequenza dell’ esoma, individuiamo le mutazioni potenzialmente causative dei fenotipi osservati. Lo screening genetico ha consentito una corretta diagnosi e terapia con integratori vitaminici B6 (supplementazione orale), B12 (integratore parenterale), acido folico (supplemento orale) e betaina (supplemento orale), ciascuna somministrata individualmente. La terapia ha interamente corretto le anomalie metaboliche ei segni clinici (tabella 1).
La terapia con integrazione complessa di vitamina B è stata efficace in molte forme di iperomocisteinemia ed anche in queste forme di iperomocisteinaemia. Oggi la terapia con vitamina B12 consiste in integratori parenterali. Nel prossimo futuro, sarebbe opportuno avere una formulazione utile per la terapia orale sia per il cianocobalamina che per l'idrossicobalamina. Inoltre, sarebbe auspicabile avere un pool unico di complesso vitamina B (B6, B12, acido folico, betaino) sperimentato complessivamente con il cibo, per una terapia orale più facile per i pazienti.Objective of the work. To evaluate the role of vitamins supplementation in human pathology associated with metabolic disorders of homocysteine. Homocysteine is an amino acid that is formed in the body starting from the methionine. The metabolism of homocysteine is regulated by vitamins B6, B12, folic acid and betaine. The factors determining hyperhomocysteinemia are: genetic, diet, kidney disorders and other medical conditions. This report describes 4 italian subjects with severe hyperhomocysteinemia.
Methodological Detail. The genetic screening was carried out by Next Generation Sequencing (NGS). These innovative technologies allow a complete genome sequences. This approach is particularly promising for the diagnosis of pediatric neuromuscular diseases, endocrine, metabolic disorders, etc. that are characterized by a strong clinical and genetic heterogeneity. Using NGS it is possible to perform a genetic diagnosis without limiting to a single candidate gene.
Main Results of the study. Combining clinical data with the report resulting from exome sequencing we identify site specific mutations in each subject. The genetic screening allowed a correct diagnosis and therapy with vitamin supplements B6 (oral supplementation), B12 (parenteral supplementation), folic acid (oral supplementation) and betaine (oral supplementation) each one administered individually. The therapy fully corrected metabolic abnormalities and clinical signs (table 1).
Implications, meanings, conclusion that can be drawn from the data. The therapy with vitamin B complex supplementation has been effective in many forms of hyperhomocysteinemia as well as in these forms of severe hyperhomocysteinemia. Nowdays the therapy with vitamin B12 consists in parenteral supplementations. In the next future, it would be desiderable to have a formulation useful for oral therapy for both cianocobalamin and hydroxycobalamin. In addition, it would be desirable to have a unique pool of vitamin B complex (B6, B12, folic acid, betaine) hopefully complexed with food, for an oral therapy easier for patients
Evaluation of RT-PCR compared to Galactomannan and 1,3-β-D-glucan test in serum for early and specific diagnosis of invasive aspergillosis in hematologic patients.
No full textLe micosi invasive rappresentano un problema in costante aumento a causa dell’incremento del numero di pazienti a rischio. La mortalità attribuibile a queste infezioni è elevata e i metodi diagnostici non sono sempre veloci ed affidabili. La diagnostica convenzionale si avvale di metodi colturali per i quali è già stata ampiamente dimostrata la scarsa sensibilità nei pazienti ematologici, i quali vengono sottoposti a profilassi antimicotica che inibisce la crescita dei patogeni in vitro producendo dei risultati falsi negativi. La caratteristica immunodepressione di questi pazienti inficia l’analisi di presenza di anticorpi specifici come diagnosi indiretta di infezione. È inoltre sconsigliabile l’utilizzo di tecniche di prelievo troppo invasive di campioni respiratori, quali il lavaggio broncoalveolare (BAL).
Il dosaggio degli antigeni fungini galattomannano (GM) e beta-glucano (BG) nel siero rappresenta una tecnica non invasiva, ma non sempre soddisfacente in termini di tempistica ed affidabilità diagnostica. Lo scopo di questo studio è quello di standardizzare un test molecolare, basato sulla reazione a catena della polimerasi in tempo reale (RT-PCR), al fine di associarlo a questi test antigenici per una diagnosi più completa e precoce. A tal fine sono stati confrontati i tre kit in commercio certificati per uso diagnostico su siero. Per ogni kit di amplificazione il produttore suggerisce un sistema d’estrazione del DNA: i diversi sistemi sono stato saggiati per valutarne la rispettiva efficacia. La popolazione studiata è stata suddivisa in pazienti affetti da micosi invasiva provata, probabile, possibile e assente secondo i criteri EORTC/MSG: dal confronto dei risultati nei gruppi sono state calcolate sensibilità e specificità dei test molecolari, definendone cosi l’efficacia diagnostica. È stata inoltre valutata un eventuale correlazione tra RT-PCR e diverse combinazioni antigeniche di BG e GM, nel siero.Invasive fungal infections (IFI) are an increasing problem in Intensive Care Units (ICUs) due to the increase in the number of patients at risk. The mortality attributable to these infections is high and conventional diagnostic methods are not always fast and reliable. Conventional diagnostics is based on cultural methods but these suffer of a very low limit of detection being hematological patients prophylaxed by antifungal drugs: the pharmacological treatment inhibits pathogens growth in vitro leading to false negative results. Peculiar immunosuppression of these patients affects indirect assays based on specific antibodies. It is also advisable to use too invasive respiratory samples collection techniques such as bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL). The dosage of fungal antigens in serum and other samples is a non-invasive technique, but not always satisfying in terms of timing and diagnostic confidence. The aim of this study is to standardize a new molecular assay, based on Real Time-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), in order to associate it to these antigenic assays, for a more complete and earlier diagnosis of invasive fungal infections in onco-hematological patients. For this purpose, the only three commercial kits certified for diagnosis have been compared on serum samples. For each amplification kit, its manufacturer suggests a proper DNA extraction method: all methods were evaluated to test their effectiveness. According to the EORTC/MSG criteria, the population was divided into patients with proven, probable, possible or absent invasive fungal infection. Sensitivity and specificity of the antigen tests were calculated by comparing these groups. An eventual correlation was evaluated also among groups presenting different antigenic pattern of BG and GM serum antigens
Cultura e stato: fonti e contesto del pensiero politico di Ernst Cassirer
No full textThe political thought of Ernst Cassirer is the focus of the present research work. This aspect had been for a long time overlooked in the reception of his philosophy or it had been targeted to point out the weakness of its practical perspective, because at first glance it does not seem to play an important role in his philosophy as a whole. Despite the “Renaissance” of the studies in the 90’s or even its more recent interdisciplinary fortune in fields such as sociology, political science and law, the political thought remains to date one of the most controversial points in the Cassirerian studies. The present research starts from a critical assessment of the history of the reception and introduces a specific methodological approach in order to reconsider this issue and to clarify the sense in which it is legitimate to speak of a political thought in Cassirer’s philosophy of culture. Assuming that there is a continuity in his philosophy, this research focuses on the two fundamental moments in which Cassirer develops the principles of his political thought, that is to say the works “Leibniz’ System in seinen wissenschaftlichen Grundlagen” (1902) and “Freiheit und Form. Studien zur deutschen Geistesgeschichte” (1916). In his investigations on the ethical-legal foundation of the Geisteswissenschaften and on the problem of freedom and state, two crucial issues can be recognized as the basis of all developments in Cassirer’s political though between the World War I, the Weimar Republic and the Nazism: from the controversy with the philosopher Bruno Bauch about the concept of nation to the defense of a republican constitutionalism at the end of the 20’s, from the ethical and legal contributions of the 30’s till the inquiries on the political myth in his posthumous work “The Myth of the state” (1946). In this philosophical-political elaboration, Cassirer’s main concern is to study the problem of the idealistic transformation of the state from a historical-natural reality into a form of culture in the history of political philosophy and political science in modern Europe. For each of the main points of Cassirer’s political production, the historical-philosophical and cultural contests are therefore highlighted, along with the sources and the most important references, like in the case of the confrontation with the intellectual climate of the “Ideas of 1914”, with the historicism or with the neo-Kantianism of the Marburg School. The aim of this research work is to promote, if not a rehabilitation of Cassirer’s political thought, at least a revision of a certain image of his intellectual history, in order to plow the ground for further inquiries in this field of stud
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Protecting Animals 36: Author Witi Ihimaera
No full textIn this very special episode of Knowing Animals I am joined by beloved New Zealand author Witi Ihimaera. Witi has written many books featuring nonhuman animals. He offers us a non-colonial lens through which to think about the human/nonhuman relationship
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
Rheology of active emulsions with negative effective viscosity
No full textWe numerically study by lattice Boltzmann simulations the rheological properties of an active emulsion made of a suspension of an active polar gel embedded in an isotropic passive background. We find that the hexatic equilibrium configuration of polar droplets is highly sensitive to both active injection and external forcing and may either lead to asymmetric unidirectional states which break top-bottom symmetry or symmetric ones. In this latter case, for large enough activity, the system develops a shear thickening regime at low shear rates. Importantly, for larger external forcing a regime with stable negative effective viscosity is found. Moreover, at intermediate activity a region of multistability is encountered and we show that a maximum entropy production principle holds in selecting the most favorable state
Author in Essay by I. A. Goncharov “Pepiniere”
No full textFeatures of the embodiment of the author’s position in the essay by I. A. Goncharov “Pepiniere” are considered. The relevance of the study is due to the poorly studied poetics of this work. A review of the scientific literature on relevant topics is performed. Methodological and theoretical definitions are given. The scientific novelty of the article is in the fact that for the first time attention is paid to artistic techniques that allow to identify the author's position in the specified literary text. The author of the article grounds her opinion from the fact that, despite the dominance of the subjective point of view, other characters’ views stand out in the work. It is concluded in the study that the text of the work represents a biographical author and author-creator. It was established that the position of the author-creator is expressed through the title, epigraphs, which are quotes, as well as through different points of view, including the author-character, the author-narrator, the characters of the work. The author of the article dwells in detail on different ways of expressing the points of view of the author-character and the author-narrator. It is proved that the point of view of the author-character and the author-narrator can intersect, they are interchanged. The author's development of the term comic “point of view” is presented in the article
Espai i identitat en l'obra de Jordi Pere Cerdà. Una geografia literària cerdaniana
No full textL'obra de l'autor nord-català Jordi Pere Cerdà (1920-2011) teixeix una cartografia literària que abasta tota dimensió espacial -real, imaginada i ficcional. Les prospeccions que assagen els seus texts es fonen en el medi natural i rural, canten a l'amor, als veïns i als éssers fantàstics del folklore català, es comprometen amb els refugiats encarant-se a tota frontera i, també, a tot abisme interior i exterior que oprimesca l'ésser. El mapatge cognitiu i literari que crea Cerdà sobrepassa qualsevol obstacle per construir espais oberts i possibles, en comunió amb l'altre. Partint d'una aproximació teòrica geocrítica, aquest treball d'investigació aprofundeix en diverses nocions sobre l'espacialitat lligades a un context convuls, ple de transformacions a nivell socioeconòmic, polític, cultural i lingüístic, el qual determinarà la vida d'un autor i d'un territori transfronterer com el de la Cerdanya i la Catalunya del Nord. En definitiva, la rica experiència vital de Jordi Pere Cerdà ens permet reflexionar sobre les relacions que vulguem establir entre els individus i amb el nostre hàbitat natural i cultural, a fi d'esdevenir membres actius que participen de la transformació dels espais que configuren les nostres identitats.The work of the North Catalan author Jordi Pere Cerdà (1920-2011) weaves a literary cartography which reaches all spatial dimensions -real, imagined and fictional. The prospections proved by their texts merge with the natural and rural environment, sing to love, neighbours and the fantastic beings of the Catalan folklore. Such prospections also commit themselves with the refugees facing every frontier and, also, facing all interior and exterior abyss that oppresses the being. The cognitive and literary mapping created by Cerdà overcomes any obstacle to construct opened and possible spaces, in communion with the other. Based on the theoretical approach called geocriticism, this research study delves into various notions about spatiality linked to a convulsive context, full of transformations at a socioeconomic, political, cultural and linguistic level; these transformations will determine the life of an author and a cross-border territory such as Cerdagne and Northern Catalonia. In short, the rich experience of Jordi Pere Cerdà allows us to reflect on the relationships we want to establish between individuals, as well as between human groups and our natural and cultural habitat, in order to become active members that participate in the transformation of the spaces that make up our identities.Programa de Doctorat en Llengües Aplicades, Literatura i Traducci
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