171,071 research outputs found
Additional dark G-band in the p-arm of chromosome 19 due to a paracentric inversion with a breakpoint in the pericentromeric heterochromatin
No full textParacentric inversions in chromosome 19 have rarely been described. Here we present an inv(19)(p11p13.1) with a breakpoint in the pericentromeric heterochromatin which leads to an additional dark G-band in the p-arm of chromosome 19. The rearranged chromosome segregated in two generations of a family without any phenotypic effects. A detailed characterization of the inv(19) by molecular cytogenetic techniques is presented. (C) 2001 Wiley-Liss, Inc
Opposing Effects of Neuronal Activity on Structural Plasticity
No full textThe connectivity of the brain is continuously adjusted to new environmental influences by several activity-dependent adaptive processes. The most investigated adaptive mechanism is activity-dependent functional or synaptic plasticity regulating the transmission efficacy of existing synapses. Another important but less prominently discussed adaptive process is structural plasticity, which changes the connectivity by the formation and deletion of synapses. In this review, we show, based on experimental evidence, that structural plasticity can be classified similar to synaptic plasticity into two categories: (i) Hebbian structural plasticity, which leads to an increase (decrease) of the number of synapses during phases of high (low) neuronal activity and (ii) homeostatic structural plasticity, which balances these changes by removing and adding synapses. Furthermore, based on experimental and theoretical insights, we argue that each type of structural plasticity fulfills a different function. While Hebbian structural changes enhance memory lifetime, storage capacity, and memory robustness, homeostatic structural plasticity self-organizes the connectivity of the neural network to assure stability. However, the link between functional synaptic and structural plasticity as well as the detailed interactions between Hebbian and homeostatic structural plasticity are more complex. This implies even richer dynamics requiring further experimental and theoretical investigations
Legislação urbanística e ocupação do espaço: o caso do Campeche
No full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Tecnológico. Programa de Pós-graduação em Urbanismo, História e Arquitetura da cidadeO presente trabalho investiga a ocupação de um espaço da Ilha de Santa Catarina sob a ótica da legislação urbanística, buscando entender a ocupação urbana e a atuação ou não das leis. O estudo analisa o trecho sul do Campeche, distrito do município de Florianópolis localizado no sudeste da Ilha através dos aspectos ambientais preponderantes, suas legislações nas três esferas de competência, natureza jurídica e seu contexto espacial. A legislação, ao classificar a ocupação do espaço urbano de uma maneira geral, configura-se como instrumento que consolida uma proposta de moldagem da cidade e esta vai se concretizando a partir dessa interferência, não se configurando, portanto, somente como instrumento delimitador e ordenador do território, mas influenciando a maneira de viver dos habitantes. Com base na apreciação do Plano Diretor dos Balneários, lei que estabelece o zoneamento territorial dos balneários de Florianópolis fixa os objetivos, as diretrizes e as estratégias do desenvolvimento, verifica-se que inúmeras são as discrepâncias da realidade face à lei em vigor. A pesquisa permite constatar a veracidade de algumas premissas estabelecidas, como a de que este Plano Diretor tal qual se encontra atualmente, não cumpre com seus objetivos de modelação e ordenamento para a Ilha de Santa Catarina. Podemos afirmar, inclusive, que o plano juntamente com a omissão do Poder Público possibilitou o avanço de ocupações irregulares e ilegais, através de suas incoerências em relação a outras legislações e de seu próprio texto legal com seus anexos. The research investigates the occupation of a space in the Island of Santa Catarina on the light of urban legislation, trying to understand its urban occupation and the influence or not of the laws. The study addresses the south area of Campeche, a district of Florianópolis county, located in the Southeast of the Island through its main environmental aspects, its legislation in the three spheres of competence, its judicial nature, and its spatial context. Legislation, when classifying the occupation of urban space in a general way, configures itself as a tool that consolidates a moulding proposal for the city, and the city becomes concrete on the basis of such interference; hence it does not only configures itself as an instrument that delimitates and orders the territory but also influences the way of life of its inhabitants. On the basis of an appreciation of the Plano Diretor dos Balneários, a law that defines the territorial zoning of the beaches of Florianópolis, its objectives, goals and strategies of development, it is possible to identify that several are the discrepancies between the reality and the existing law. The study allows verifying the veracity of some established premises, such as that this Plano Diretor as it is nowadays, does not fulfil its moulding and ordering objectives for the Island of Santa Catarina. It can be said that indeed the plan, together with the omission of government, allowed the expansion of irregular and illegal occupations via its incoherencies in relation to other legislation and its own legal text with its annexes
Stichomitra asymbatos Foreman 1968
No full text<p> <i>Stichomitra asymbatos</i> Foreman, 1968 (Fig. 4I)</p> <p> <i>Stichomitra asymbatos</i> Foreman, 1968: 73, pl. 8, fig. 10a-c.</p> <p> <i>Stichomitra grandis</i> – Hollis 1997: 78, pl. 19, figs 1-4 and synonymy therein.</p> <p> <i>Stichomitra asymbatos</i> – Aumond <i>et al.</i> 2009: 200, fig.3I, J.</p> <p>FIGURED SPECIMEN. — ULVG-7326.</p> <p>MATERIAL. — Eight specimens (recovered with the hydrogen peroxide method); three specimens (recovered with the acetic acid method).</p> <p> OCCURRENCE. — Upper Maastrichtian of California (Foreman 1968); Late Campanian-Maastrichtian to Early Paleocene of New Zealand (Hollis 1997); Maastrichtian of Caribbean Sea (Aumond <i>et al.</i> 2009).</p>Published as part of <i>Kochhann, Karlos G. D., Baecker-Fauth, Simone & Fauth, Gerson, 2013, Late Maastrichtian Radiolaria from ODP Leg 165 - Site 999 B, Colombian Basin, pp. 5-20 in Geodiversitas 35 (1)</i> on page 12, DOI: 10.5252/g2013n1a1, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/4538016">http://zenodo.org/record/4538016</a>
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
AcroM fluorescent in situ hybridization analyses of marker chromosomes
No full textThe presence of a de novo supernumerary marker chromosome (SMC) poses problems in genetic counseling. The consequences of the additional chromosomal material may range from harmless to detrimental. As the composition of a SMC cannot be deciphered by traditional banding analysis, sophisticated methods are needed for their rapid and detailed analyses. A new strategy is presented, which allows the elucidation of the composition of SMCs in one or two hybridizations. One hybridization, termed AcroM-FISH, involves a newly generated probe mix, which consists of painting probes for all acrocentric chromosomes, centromere probes for chromosomes 13/21, 14/22, 15, and a probe specific for rDNA, each labeled with a specific combination of fluorochromes. This probe mix is sufficient to characterize approximately 80% of all SMCs. For the other 20% of SMCs, chromosomes can be analyzed in a second hybridization by multicolor karyotyping, for example, multiplex FISH (M-FISH), to check for the presence of euchromatin of other chromosomes. The potential of AcroM-FISH was tested in various applications
Mitomycin C in highly myopic eyes - Author reply
No full textOphthalmology. 2005 Feb;112(2):208-18; discussion 219.
Mitomycin C modulation of corneal wound healing after photorefractive keratectomy in highly myopic eyes.
Gambato C, Ghirlando A, Moretto E, Busato F, Midena E.
SourceRefractive Surgery Service and Antimetabolite Therapy Research Unit, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.
Abstract
PURPOSE: To evaluate the role of topical mitomycin C in corneal wound healing (CWH) after photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) in highly myopic eyes.
DESIGN: Prospective, double-masked, randomized clinical trial.
PARTICIPANTS: Seventy-two eyes of 36 patients affected by high (>7 diopters) myopia.
METHODS: In each patient, one eye was randomly assigned to PRK with intraoperative topical 0.02% mitomycin C application, and the fellow eye was treated with a placebo. Postoperatively, mitomycin C-treated eyes received artificial tears (3 times daily, tapered in 3 months), whereas the fellow eye was treated with fluorometholone sodium 2% and artificial tears (3 times daily, tapered in 3 months).
MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Uncorrected visual acuity (UCVA) and best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), contrast sensitivity, manifest refraction, and biomicroscopy. Contrast sensitivity was determined using the Pelli-Robson chart. Corneal confocal microscopy documented CWH.
RESULTS: Mean follow-up was 18 months (range, 12-36). No side effects or toxic effects were documented. At 12-month follow-up examination, UCVAs (logarithm of the minimum angle of resolution) were 0.4+/-0.48 and 0.5+/-0.53 (P = .03) in mitomycin C-treated eyes and corticosteroid-treated eyes, respectively. At 1 year, corneal haze developed in 20% of corticosteroid-treated eyes, versus 0% of mitomycin C-treated eyes. At 12, 24, and 36 months, corneal confocal microscopy showed activated keratocytes and extracellular matrix significantly more evident in untreated eyes (Ps = 0.004, 0.024, and 0.046, respectively).
CONCLUSION: Topical intraoperative application of 0.02% mitomycin C can reduce haze formation in highly myopic eyes undergoing PRK.
Comment in
Ophthalmology. 2006 Feb;113(2):357; author reply 357-8
Damonella medialtis Filho & Ceolin & Fauth & Lima 2023, sp. nov.
No full text<i>Damonella medialtis</i> sp. nov. <p>Fig. 4.4A–C</p> <p> <b>Etymology:</b> From the Latin “ <i>medius</i> ”, meaning “middle”, and “ <i>altitudo</i> ”, meaning “height”, referring to its greatest height being close to the middle point of the carapace.</p> <p> <b>Material:</b> 56 specimens.</p> <p> <b>Figured specimen:</b> ULVG-14195.</p> <p> <b>Dimensions:</b></p> <p> <b>Diagnosis:</b> A <i>Damonella</i> species with greater height closer to the middle. LV overlaps RV along the entire margin, being especially pronounced posterodorsally, and the RV shows a slight concavity both, in the postero-dorsal and antero-dorsal margins.</p> <p> <b>Description:</b> Medium carapace with a sub-rectangular to sub-ovoid outline in lateral view and an ovoid outline in dorsal view. Anterior and posterior margins rounded and equicurvate. Ventral margin slightly concave, dorsal margin convex. Greatest height at the mid-length or slightly posterior of the mid-length, greatest length at mid-height, greatest width slightly posterior to the mid-length.</p> <p>LV larger than RV, visibly overlapping along the entire carapace margin, being particularly prominent posterodorsally. RV shows slight concavities in the postero-dorsal and antero-dorsal margins. Dorsal margin of LV more uniformly convex than that of RV.</p> <p>Carapace surface smooth. Sexual dimorphism not observed. Internal characteristics not visible, as only tightly closed carapaces were recovered.</p> <p> <b>Remarks:</b> This species resembles <i>Damonella grandiensis</i> Tomé <i>et al</i>., 2014, differing mainly in the slight concavities in the antero and posterodorsal margins of its RV and, in dorsal view, in its more compressed anterior region.</p> <p> <b>Occurrences:</b> PS-06-CE: AM-14 (103.6 m), AM-17 (99.8 m), AM-18 (99.3 m), AM-32 (72.59 m), AM-62 (91.5 m).</p> <p> <b>Stratigraphic and geographic distribution:</b> Lower Aptian, Barbalha and Crato formations, Araripe Basin, Brazil (this study).</p>Published as part of <i>Filho, Marcos Antonio Batista Dos Santos, Ceolin, Daiane, Fauth, Gerson & Lima, Francisco Henrique De Oliveira, 2023, Ostracods from the Barbalha and Crato formations, Aptian of the Araripe Basin, northeast Brazil, pp. 332-350 in Zootaxa 5319 (3)</i> on page 340, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5319.3.2, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/8202919">http://zenodo.org/record/8202919</a>
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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