33 research outputs found
Le tourisme : atout durable du développement au Maroc ?
No full textLe tourisme est aujourd’hui la première source de recettes d’exportations bien devant l’automobile, la chimie, l’alimentation, l’informatique ou encore le pétrole. Il met en jeu des investissements considérables de capitaux, génère des revenus substantiels et crée des emplois importants. Ainsi, pour de nombreux pays, il est une source indispensable de devises. Le secteur touristique occupe une place importante dans l’économie marocaine. Il est de plus en plus considéré par les hauts responsables comme un secteur stratégique pour accompagner le développement économique. Mais qu’en est-il des coûts pour l’environnement et le social ainsi que pour le développement durable ? Le développement d’un tourisme durable, qui offre des découvertes innovantes avec une implication de la population locale et une préservation de l’environnement, semble être vraiment judicieux et pouvoir répondre à des enjeux réels du développement durable au Maroc
Green Economy for sustainable human development in Morocco: Employment Creation and Innovation Challenges
No full textThe green economy is defined as a way to ensure human development, eradicate poverty, a source of social equity and preservation of natural capital. It thus appears as one of the means to implement sustainable development in a context where developing countries aspire to a higher standard of living. Morocco, one of these countries, faces challenges capable of being treated with the assistance of the green economy. The latter may provide Morocco with a new framework to strategically and sustainably rethink the Moroccan economical development. The green economy calls for the use of the environmental constraints as a lever for sustainable human development. This movement is realized through the revival of economic activity and employment creation in addition to the improvement of individuals well being and the reduction of social inequalities. This article relies on the Moroccan case to analyze the eco-activities opportunities related to employment creation, critical factor in human development and the social security. We also discuss different opportunities of innovation that these activities offer in order to promote social, ecological, and economic interactions. The objective of this movement consists of developing a green economy. We focus on the conditions necessary for the mobilization of these opportunities, as they contribute to the creation of wealth and employment, for sustainable human development in Morocco.Keywords. Morocco - Sustainable Human development - Green Economy - Environment - Employment - Innovation
Econometric Study of the Impacts of Climate Change on Food Security in Morocco: Etude économétrique des impacts du changement climatique sur la sécurité alimentaire au Maroc
No full textRésumé
Le secteur agricole est l'un des secteurs les plus sensibles au changement climatique, ce secteur est directement affecté par la température et les précipitations et le taux des terres arables, qui sont un intrant dans la sécurité alimentaire. L'objectif principal de cet article est d'évaluer les impacts du changement climatique et des terres arables sur la sécurité alimentaire au Maroc entre 1971 et 2017 à partir d’un modèle de cointégration fondé sur l’approche ARDL (autorégressif à retards échelonnés). Les résultats empiriques montrent qu'une augmentation des précipitations a un effet positif sur le PIB agricole, l'augmentation de la température de 1% a un effet négatif sur le PIB agricole avec une diminution de 3.14% à court terme et de 5% à long terme, tandis que les terres arables n’influent pas directement la sécurité alimentaire du pays. Afin de minimiser les effets négatifs du changement climatique au Maroc, dont le secteur agricole représente le secteur le plus important de l'économie, il est important d'établir des politiques d’adaptation pour lutter contre le changement climatique.
Mots clés : Changement climatique, sécurité alimentaire, PIB agricole, ARDL, Maroc
Abstract The agricultural sector is one of the most sensitive sectors to climate change, this sector is directly affected by temperature and rainfall and the rate of arable land, which are an input in food security. The main objective of this paper is to assess the impacts of climate change and arable land on food security in Morocco between 1971 and 2017, using a cointegration model based on the ARDL (Autoregressive Staggered Delayed Rise) approach. The empirical results show that an increase in precipitation has a positive effect on agricultural GDP, the increase in temperature by 1% has a negative effect on agricultural GDP with a decrease of 3.14% in the short term and 5% in the long term, while arable land does not directly influence the country's food security. In order to minimize the negative effects of climate change in Morocco, whose agricultural sector represents the most important sector of the economy, it is important to establish adaptation policies to fight against climate change.
Keywords : Climate change, food security, agricultural GDP, ARDL, Morocc
Economie de santé : Revue de littérature théorique et empirique
No full textHealth economics is a sub-discipline of economic science concerned with the economic treatment of health. From a socio-economic point of view, health is not an isolated field. It comes from medicine, but it is also related to socio-economic and political factors. Being considered as a superior good and which has particular characteristics, it conditions the ability of individuals to produce and consume. In this paper, we will highlight the interdependencies between the economy and health, then we will analyze the main theories in health economics and finally we will show how the Economy will shape health in its image. The results of our literature review show that the main issues addressed by the health economy revolve around the economic analysis of the interrelationships between economic and social development on the one hand, and population health on the other. Our theoretical analysis shows that the main theoretical approaches in health economics (the neoclassical model, agency theory, conventional theory) are based on two hypotheses: the hypothesis of the individual rationality of actors and the hypothesis of the mode of coordination of their decisions. According to the neoclassical theory, the decisions of individuals, considered as rational, are controlled by market exchange, while the agency theory allows for the presentation of elements that help in economic policy-making. The development of medical sciences and the respect of professional ethics are thus the main contributions of the theory of conventions. These different theoretical approaches complement each other in explaining the functioning of the health care system. However, the theoretical advances made in the field of health economics are still insufficient in terms of the production of new knowledge by research, which mainly concerns the regulation and organization of the health care system.
JEL Classification: I10, I15, I18, I19
Paper type: Theoretical ResearchL’économie de santé est une sous discipline de la science économique s’intéressant à traiter économiquement la santé. D’un point de vue socio-économique, la santé n'est pas un domaine isolé. Elle est issue de la médecine, mais elle est également liée à des facteurs socio-économiques et politiques. Étant considéré la santé comme un bien supérieur et qui a des caractéristiques particulières, elle conditionne la capacité des individus à produire et à consommer. Dans ce papier, nous allons mettre en évidence les interdépendances entre l’économie et la santé, ensuite, nous allons analyser les principales théories en économie de santé et enfin nous allons montrer commet l’Economique va façonner la santé à son image. Les résultats de notre revue de littérature montrent que les principales problématiques traitées par l’économie de santé s’articulent autour l’analyse économique des interrelations entre le développement économique et social, d’une part, et santé de la population d’autre part. Notre analyse théorique démontre que les principales approches théoriques en économie de santé (le modèle néoclassique, théorie de l’agence, théorie conventionnaliste) reposent sur deux hypothèses : l’hypothèse de rationalité individuelle des acteurs et l’hypothèse du mode de coordination de leurs décisions. Selon la théorie néoclassique, les décisions des individus, considérés comme rationnels, sont contrôlées par l’échange marchand, tandis que la théorie de l’agence permet de présenter des éléments aidant à la prise de décision en politique économique. Le développement des sciences médicales et le respect de l’éthique professionnelle constituent ainsi les principaux apports de la théorie des conventions. Ces différentes approches théoriques se complètent pour expliquer le fonctionnement du système de santé. Cependant, les avancées théoriques réalisées dans le domaine de l’économie de santé connaissent encore des insuffisances en termes de production de nouvelles connaissances par la recherche et qui portent principalement sur la régulation et l’organisation du système de soins.
Classification JEL: I10, I15, I18, I19
Type de l’article : Article théorique
Gestion participative des eaux d'irrigation: Au-delà de la dichotomie entre Etat et marché
No full textDepuis la première moitié du XXème siècle, trois principaux courants de pensée s'étaient investis dans l'éclaircissement de la problématique de l'eau (d'irrigation en particulier) et s'étaient préoccupés à en étudier les modes de son exploitation et de sa gestion. Il en ressort que les systèmes de gestion administrée et d'allocation par le marché se heurtent constamment aux problèmes des droits de propriété qu'imposent les caractéristiques particulières de l'eau. L'objectif de cet article est de mettre en exergue la théorie portant sur la gestion communautaire d'Ostrom (1990) qui, de par leur aspect empirique et leur souci sociocommunautaire, semble présenter de meilleurs horizons pour la recherche de traitements raisonnables et durables des eaux d'irrigation.
 
The Impact of Climate Change on Economic Growth in Developing Countries Case of Morocco
No full textToday, climate change is one of the major challenges that face the world, it is a considerable threat to mankind and also to its economic activities, the macro-economic impacts of climate change and low-carbon transition policies on the planet would be moderate overall a relative few hundredth of a percent of world GDP on an annual basis.
Understanding what constitutes dangerous climate change is of critical importance for future concerted action (Schneider, 2001, 2002).
Developing countries, such as Morocco, consider themselves to be the most vulnerable to the effects of climate change. In contrast to low-income countries, rich countries that have very high greenhouse gas emissions can mitigate and adapt to the impact of climate change.
The awareness of this vulnerability was confirmed during the many years of drought that hit the country at the end of the last century and heavily affected the national economy.
It is important to have the most recent information on this subject in order to take it into account in the vulnerability assessment and adaptation planning processes.
In this work, we purpose a review of the literature on the impact of climate change on economic growth, particularly in Morocco. theoretical analysis of the environmental/economic analysis and the possibility of its application to the Moroccan situation
The study finds a significant negative effect on climate change debt on economic growth in Morocco in the short-run and the long-run. It also finds the necessity of implementing an economy to have more ideas about the unknown climate/economic situation in Morocco.
JEL Classification: Q44, Q54
Paper type: Theoretical ResearchToday, climate change is one of the major challenges that face the world, it is a considerable threat to mankind and also to its economic activities, the macro-economic impacts of climate change and low-carbon transition policies on the planet would be moderate overall a relative few hundredth of a percent of world GDP on an annual basis.
Understanding what constitutes dangerous climate change is of critical importance for future concerted action (Schneider, 2001, 2002).
Developing countries, such as Morocco, consider themselves to be the most vulnerable to the effects of climate change. In contrast to low-income countries, rich countries that have very high greenhouse gas emissions can mitigate and adapt to the impact of climate change.
The awareness of this vulnerability was confirmed during the many years of drought that hit the country at the end of the last century and heavily affected the national economy.
It is important to have the most recent information on this subject in order to take it into account in the vulnerability assessment and adaptation planning processes.
In this work, we purpose a review of the literature on the impact of climate change on economic growth, particularly in Morocco. theoretical analysis of the environmental/economic analysis and the possibility of its application to the Moroccan situation
The study finds a significant negative effect on climate change debt on economic growth in Morocco in the short-run and the long-run. It also finds the necessity of implementing an economy to have more ideas about the unknown climate/economic situation in Morocco.
JEL Classification: Q44, Q54
Paper type: Theoretical Researc
The Impact of Climate Change on Economic Growth in Developing Countries Case of Morocco
No full textToday, climate change is one of the major challenges that face the world, it is a considerable threat to mankind and also to its economic activities, the macro-economic impacts of climate change and low-carbon transition policies on the planet would be moderate overall a relative few hundredth of a percent of world GDP on an annual basis.
Understanding what constitutes dangerous climate change is of critical importance for future concerted action (Schneider, 2001, 2002).
Developing countries, such as Morocco, consider themselves to be the most vulnerable to the effects of climate change. In contrast to low-income countries, rich countries that have very high greenhouse gas emissions can mitigate and adapt to the impact of climate change.
The awareness of this vulnerability was confirmed during the many years of drought that hit the country at the end of the last century and heavily affected the national economy.
It is important to have the most recent information on this subject in order to take it into account in the vulnerability assessment and adaptation planning processes.
In this work, we purpose a review of the literature on the impact of climate change on economic growth, particularly in Morocco. theoretical analysis of the environmental/economic analysis and the possibility of its application to the Moroccan situation
The study finds a significant negative effect on climate change debt on economic growth in Morocco in the short-run and the long-run. It also finds the necessity of implementing an economy to have more ideas about the unknown climate/economic situation in Morocco.
JEL Classification: Q44, Q54
Paper type: Theoretical ResearchToday, climate change is one of the major challenges that face the world, it is a considerable threat to mankind and also to its economic activities, the macro-economic impacts of climate change and low-carbon transition policies on the planet would be moderate overall a relative few hundredth of a percent of world GDP on an annual basis.
Understanding what constitutes dangerous climate change is of critical importance for future concerted action (Schneider, 2001, 2002).
Developing countries, such as Morocco, consider themselves to be the most vulnerable to the effects of climate change. In contrast to low-income countries, rich countries that have very high greenhouse gas emissions can mitigate and adapt to the impact of climate change.
The awareness of this vulnerability was confirmed during the many years of drought that hit the country at the end of the last century and heavily affected the national economy.
It is important to have the most recent information on this subject in order to take it into account in the vulnerability assessment and adaptation planning processes.
In this work, we purpose a review of the literature on the impact of climate change on economic growth, particularly in Morocco. theoretical analysis of the environmental/economic analysis and the possibility of its application to the Moroccan situation
The study finds a significant negative effect on climate change debt on economic growth in Morocco in the short-run and the long-run. It also finds the necessity of implementing an economy to have more ideas about the unknown climate/economic situation in Morocco.
JEL Classification: Q44, Q54
Paper type: Theoretical Researc
Inégalités sociales de santé : Une analyse théorique
No full text Health disparities are responsible for many pathologies within a country and/or between different countries. They are a major public health issue and must be taken into account in the development of health and development policies and programs.
This article aims, on the one hand, to provide a synthetic vision of health inequalities and their main determinants and, on the other hand, to present the environmental, socio-economic and political actions to be taken in order to reduce these inequalities. There is a large body of research showing that the reduction of inequalities in health contributes to a reduction in social inequalities and that reducing these disparities requires multidisciplinary measures acting on several dimensions, particularly socio-economic characteristics, risk factors and individual behaviours. Despite the work carried out on the issue of health inequalities, this problem requires more analysis and explanations in order to take action. Les disparités en matière de santé sont responsables de nombreuses pathologies au sein d’un pays et/ou entre différents pays. Elles constituent un enjeu principal de la santé publique et elles doivent être prises en compte dans l’élaboration de politiques et de programmes de santé et de développement.
Cet article a pour objectif d’une part, d’analyser théoriquement les inégalités en matière de santé, ainsi que leurs principaux déterminants, d’autre part de présenter les actions à prendre sur le plan environnemental, socioéconomique et politique afin de réduire ces inégalités. Nombreuses sont les recherches montrant que la réduction des inégalités en matière de santé contribue à une réduction des inégalités sociales et que la réduction de ces disparités exige des mesures pluridisciplinaires agissant sur plusieurs dimensions particulièrement les caractéristiques socioéconomiques, les facteurs de risque et les comportements individuels. Malgré les travaux réalisés sur la question d’inégalités de santé, cette problématique nécessite davantage des analyses et des explications pour pouvoir en agir
Économie Circulaire : Fondement théorique et lien avec le développement durable
No full textThe concept of the circular economy first appeared in 1989 to explain the transition from the traditional open economic system to the circular economic system as a consequence of the law of thermodynamics (Georgescu-Roegen, 1971).In this paper, we will outline the different definitions of the concept of the circular economy, then we will discuss the main theories that underpin this concept and finally we will put the spotlight on the relationship between the circular economy and sustainable development. The result of our literature review showed that Circular Economy, has been defined in several ways. Our theoretical analysis also shows that The roots of CE can be found in general systems theory and industrial ecology ( Ghisellini et al. 2016). Thus, the first theory was put forward by the German biologist Karl Ludwig von Bertalanffy (1950). This theory played a role in the emergence of a new scientific model based on the interrelation of the elements that make up systems. The second theory considers the industrial system as a living ecosystem (Billen et al., 1983). Finally, we found that several authors (Feng and Yan, 2007; Geng and Doberstein, 2008; Ness, 2008; Mathews and Tan, 2011; Naustdalslid, 2014) have considered the circular economy as a new economic business model that should lead to more sustainable development and a harmonious society.
Keywords: circular economy, literature review, theoretical approaches, sustainable development.
Classification JEL: Q01
Paper type: Theoretical ResearchLe concept d’économie circulaire est apparu pour la première fois, en 1989, pour expliquer le passage du système économique traditionnel ouvert vers le système économique circulaire comme une conséquence de la loi de la thermodynamique (Georgescu-Roegen, 1971) .Dans ce papier ,nous allons exposer les différentes définitions du concept de l’économie circulaire ,ensuite nous allons traiter les principales théories qui sont à la base de ce concept et enfin nous allons mettre le projecteur sur la relation entre l’économie circulaire et le développement durable. Le résultat de notre revue de littérature a montré que l’économie circulaire a été définie de plusieurs façons. Notre analyse théorique démontre aussi que les racines de l'économie circulaire se trouvent dans la théorie générale des systèmes et l'écologie industrielle ( Ghisellini et al. 2016). Ainsi, la première théorie a été avancée par le biologiste allemand Karl Ludwig Von Bertalanffy (1950).Cette théorie a joué un rôle dans l'émergence d'un nouveau modèle scientifique basé sur l’interrelation des éléments qui composent les systèmes. Quant à la deuxième théorie, elle considère le système industriel comme étant un écosystème vivant (Billen et al., 1983). Finalement, nous avons constaté que plusieurs auteurs (Feng et Yan, 2007 ; Geng et Doberstein, 2008 ; Ness, 2008 ; Mathews et Tan, 2011 ; Naustdalslid, 2014) ont considéré L'économie circulaire comme un nouveau modèle économique d'affaires qui devrait mener à un développement plus durable et à une société harmonieuse.
Mots clés : économie circulaire, revu de littérature, approches théoriques, développement durable.
JEL Classification : Q01
Type de l’article : Recherche théoriqu
