1,720,961 research outputs found
Studi peningkatan taraf hidup transmigran lokal asli Papua di wilayah transmigrasi Arso Kabupaten Daerah Tingkat II Jayapura.
No full textSalah satu tujuan penyelenggaraan program transmigrasi di Indonesia adalah meningkatkan taraf hidup transmigran dan penduduk sekitar. Dalam konteks peningkatan taraf hidup penduduk sekitar, program transmigrasi merupakan sarana yang dapat diandalkan dalam rangka upaya menanggulangi permasalahan spesifik di daerah penempatan transmigran. Hal ini terlihat jelas dalam kebijaksanaan Pemerintah Daerah Irian Jaya yang bertujuan menjadikan program transmigrasi sebagai sarana peningkatan taraf hidup, cara hidup maupun ketrampilan penduduk lokal khususnya dalam bidang pertanian dengan strategi membaurkan para transmigran dan penduduk lokal melalui program APPDT. Harus diakui bahwa pelaksanaan transmigrasi di Irian Jaya telah berperan secara berarti dalam menerobos keterisolasian fisik wilayah sehingga tercipta pusat-pusat pertumbuhan dan produksi yang telah menambah dan memberikan hasil-hasil pertanian. Namun justru permasalahan dan tantangan yang dihadapi jauh lebih berat. Persoalan yang relevan dalam studi ini adalah apakah keberhasilan tersebut telah diikuti pula dengan peningkatan taraf hidup masyarakat sekitar khususnya transmigran lokal asli Papua yang pada umumnya hidup dalam keterbelakangan dan kemiskinan ? Mengacu pada latar permasalahan tersebut di atas maka studi ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui sejauhmana transmigran lokal asli Papua di wilayah Arso telah meningkat taraf hidupnya, kemudian memberikan masukan bagi pengembangan program transmigrasi guna meningkatkan taraf hidup transmigran penduduk asli Papua di masa mendatang. Studi ini dilaksanakan terhadap 89 KK transmigran lokal asli Papua yang tersebar di 9 lokasi permukiman transmigrasi di wilayah Arso. Kajian peningkatan taraf hidup dilakukan dengan menggunakan analisis deskriptif komparatif berdasarkan hasil survei primer dan sekunder yang terkait dengan kondisi kehidupan transmigran lokal asli Papua sebelum transmigrasi dan kondisi saat ini mencakup aspek-aspek: perubahan pola hidup (kebiasaan meninggalkan lokasi, kebiasaan hidup berorganisasi, cara dan orientasi usahatani), pendapatan (total pendapatan/tahun, kelompok miskin menurut pendapatan/kapita/tahun setara beras), pendidikan (angka partisipasi pendidikan usia 7 – 15 tahun, angka melek huruf penduduk usia > 15 tahun), dan kesehatan (status gizi balita, tingkat balita sakit). Hasil studi yang diperoleh adalah transmigran lokal telah mengalami peningkatan taraf hidup dalam aspek pendapatan, pendidikan dan kesehatan, tetapi belum mengalami perubahan pola hidup, sehingga program transmigrasi telah berhasil menanggulangi masalah kemiskinan namun belum menyentuh permasalahan keterbelakangan. Kendai transmigran telah lama tinggal menetap tetapi tidak terlibat aktif dalam kegiatan organisasi dan masih melakukan aktifitas tani secara tradisional sebagaimana di desa asal. Keadaan tersebut antara lain disebabkan adanya beban psikologis (rasa curiga, minder) sebagai akibat dihadapkan (ditempatkan dengan pola sisipan) dengan transmigran daerah asal yang kebudayaannya secara teknologi dan ekonomi lebih tinggi. Akibatnya transmigran lokal menutup diri dan mengalami keterasingan yang menghambat keterlibatan dalam kegiatan organisasi. Selain itu perencanaan dan pembinaan transmigran yang mengacu pada budaya pertanian transmigran daerah asal (Jawa) merupakan penyebab tidak terjadinya perubahan cara dan orientasi usahatani. Kesemua penyebab tersebut lebih diperparah dengan kurangnya perhatian dan pembinaan pemerintah (petugas transmigrasi dan instansi teknis terkait). Oleh karena itu pengembangan program transmigrasi di masa datang dalam rangka implementasi otonomi daerah guna meningkatkan taraf hidup transmigran lokal asli Papua hendaknya diarahkan pada : peningkatan kualitas dan kuantitas sumberdaya manusia, dengan prioritas pemberdayaan (peningkatan kualitas) penduduk asli secara berimbang antara aspek sosial ekonomi dan budaya agar memiliki kemampuan dasar yang memungkinkan mereka siap menerima transmigran non lokal yang datang/didatangkan kemudian. Selain itu, ke depan program transmigrasi hendaknya dilaksanakan dalam kerangka upaya peningkatan kesejahteraan masyarakat, melalui pengembangan kegiatan ekonomi yang dapat menghasilkan produk unggulan yang terkait dengan pembangunan wilayah dan sistem administrasi pembangunan Pemerintah setempat. Hasil studi ini juga mengandung implikasi kebijaksanaan penataann permukiman guna mewujudkan integrasi masyarakat secara harmonis. Di sini perencanaan dan pembinaan transmigran hendaknya disesuaikan dengan budaya orang Papua agar terjadi transformasi sosial budaya. Permukiman penduduk asli beserta lahannya agar diletakkan terpisah dengan transmigran daerah lain, agar tidak terjadi kejutan budaya, tidak terwujud hubungan konflik, bahkan dapat memperkaya identitas etnik Papua
Policies in Village Development: Learning from Community Empowerment and Participation in Jayapura
No full textCommunity empowerment has ample opportunity for accomplishment in the decentralization era and through the implementation of regional and special autonomy in Papua. This research analyzes the influence of community empowerment on community participation in village development in the Jayapura Regency and establishes a model for community empowerment and participation in regional development, using the quantitative approach. Primary data is collected from respondents through questionnaires, interview guides, and on-site observation. Respondents are chosen using the cluster sampling technique (with two or more respondents) to determine sample areas (districts and villages), and respondents from sample villages are chosen using the proportional random sampling technique. Field data is processed and analyzed using the structural path analysis technique and the qualitative-descriptive analysis. According to research findings: (1) participation in village development is influenced by community empowerment, which is shaped by conducive situation, community capacity, and community protection (2) the participatory dimensions in village development are planning, implementation, utilization, and maintenance, and evaluation is partially determined by the significant influence from conducive situation and community capacity. It is our hope that this review on community empowerment and participation in development can contribute to transforming community members into the main agents of development, therefore leading to a development that is “from, by, and for” the community
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
IMPLEMENTASI KEBIJAKAN PERATURAN BUPATI MEMBERAMO RAYA NO. 8 TAHUN 2017 TENTANG TIM PENILAI KINERJA DALAM PROMOSI JABATAN PADA PEMERINTAH KABUPATEN MAMBERAMO RAYA
Full text linkThis study aims to describe and analyze the implementation of Regent Regulation No. 8/2017 on the Performance Appraisal Team for Job Promotion in Mamberamo Raya Regency. and to analyze the supporting and inhibiting factors that influence it. The research method used is descriptive - qualitative by conducting direct observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation study. The data analysis process includes data collection, data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. The results showed that the implementation of the Mamberamo Raya Regent Regulation No. 08 of 2017 concerning the Performance Appraisal Team in Promotion of Position in the Mamberamo Raya Regency government has been going well. From the aspect of communication and information dissemination, coordination between institutions has been carried out. In the aspect of resources, it has sufficient quality and quantity to meet existing needs. Then the office facility environment is adequate to support performance. The disposition runs quite well based on the SOP and planning for allocating special budgets and the Bureaucratic Structure of the division based on the SOP and the authority and responsibility given according to the main tasks and functions of each field. Then, the supporting factor is that there are so many ASNs that meet the criteria for promotion. While the inhibiting factor is the problem of delay or lack of dissemination of information regarding selection for promotion to ASN, so that many ASN do not know about it
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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