1,721,069 research outputs found
Nonbenzenoid High-Spin Polycyclic Hydrocarbons Generated by Atom Manipulation
No full textWe report the on-surface synthesis of a nonbenzenoid triradical through dehydrogenation of truxene (C27H18) on coinage metal and insulator surfaces. Voltage pulses applied via the tip of a combined scanning tunneling microscope/atomic force microscope were used to cleave individual C-H bonds in truxene. The resultant final product truxene-5,10,15-triyl (1) was characterized at the single-molecule scale using a combination of atomic force microscopy, scanning tunneling microscopy, and scanning tunneling spectroscopy. Our analyses show that 1 retains its open-shell quartet ground state, predicted by density functional theory, on a two monolayer-thick NaCl layer on a Cu(111) surface. We image the frontier orbital densities of 1 and confirm that they correspond to spin-split singly occupied molecular orbitals. Through our synthetic strategy, we also isolate two reactive intermediates toward the synthesis of 1, derivatives of fluorenyl radical and indeno[1,2-a]fluorene, with predicted open-shell doublet and triplet ground states, respectively. Our results should have bearings on the synthesis of nonbenzenoid high-spin polycyclic frameworks with magnetism beyond Lieb's theorem
Charge-State Transitions of Individual Molecules on Multilayer Insulating Films Investigated by Atomic Force Microscopy
No full text
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Construção de nanoestruturas de tetrafenil porfirinas e ftalocianinas em superfícies metálicas
No full textOrientador: Abner de SiervoDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Física Gleb WataghinResumo: O estudo de sistemas moleculares em cima de substratos metálicos tem atraído uma crescente atenção da comunidade científica. O melhor entendimento sobre as características de auto-organização e a habilidade de controlá-las em moléculas tem gerado formas mais baratas e rápidas de usar a abordagem bottom-up em nanociência. Dentre os diversos estudos feitos, podemos citar o desenvolvimento de sensores de gás que utilizam do sinal magnético de uma camada auto-organizada de moléculas e da ligação de pequenas moléculas como CO ou NO que promovem a emergência de magnetismo na amostra. Outro aspecto interessante do estudo de sistemas moleculares se encontra na similariedade das moléculas que podem ser utilizadas com moléculas encontradas nos processos recorrentes na natureza, por exemplo, as clorofilas e hemoglobinas. Isto significa que ao estudar moléculas simples é possível mimetizar um comportamento parecido com o das moléculas citadas. Neste sentido, em nosso trabalho estudamos dois tipos de moléculas ¿ Porfirinas e Ftalocianinas ¿ e as propriedades estruturais quando depositadas em diferentes substratos metálicos. As porfirinas foram analisadas em uma superfície de baixo índice de Miller, Cu(111), e tiveram seu comportamento comparado com o análogo em superfícies vicinais, Au(332) e Au(788). As porfirinas formam estruturas em 1D quando depositadas em pequenas quantidades, dependendo da natureza do substrato e a largura de seu terraço. Em maiores coberturas, as porfirinas formam diferentes estruturas de empacotamento fechado em 2D, de simetrias quadrada e paralelogrâmica. Eletronicamente observou-se a modificação do entorno químico do níquel quando a molécula de NiTPP é adsorvida no Cu(111). As ftalocianinas foram depositadas em diferentes substratos visando a produção de co-organização de dois tipos de moléculas num padrão tabuleiro de xadrez. Após a obtenção do padrão de tabuleiro de xadrez, nós realizamos experimentos para elucidar os mecanismos que possibilitam formar tais estruturas. Com o intuito de estudar auto-organização molecular, nós empregamos técnicas sensíveis a superfícies como a Microscopia de Tunelamento, Espectroscopia de Tunelamento e Espectroscopia de Fotoemissão por Raios-X. Tais técnicas possibilitam a obtenção das propriedades estruturais e eletrônicas das nanoestruturas formadasAbstract: The study of molecular systems on top of metal substrates has gathered increased atten-tion of the scientific community. Better understanding over different self-assembly haracteristics and the ability to control them in molecules has led to the development of quicker and cheaper routes of the use of the bottom-up approach in nanoscience. Among the diverse studies, we can cite the development of gas sensors that use the mag-netic signal of a self-assembled layer of molecules and the eventual binding of small molecules such as CO or NO leading to the emergence of magnetism on the sample. Another interesting aspect of the study of molecular systems is the similarity of molecules commonly used with molecules found in nature processes, e.g. chlorophylls and hemeglobins. This means that by studying simple molecules one can try to mimic the natural processes of those natural molecules. In this sense, in our work we have studied two classes of molecules ¿ Porphyrins and Phthalocyanines ¿ and their structural properties when deposited on different metal substrates. The porphyrins were analyzed on a low-index miller surface, Cu(111) and compared to their be-havior when deposited on vicinal substrates, Au(332) and Au(788). The porphyrins were ob-served to form 1D structures when deposited in small quantities depending on the nature of the substrate and its terrace width. At higher coverages, porphyrins formed different close-packed 2D structures, with square and parallelogram symmetry. Electronically was observed the modifica-tion of the chemical environment of nickel when NiTPP is adsorbed on Cu(111). The phthalo-cyanines were deposited on different substrates as well, towards the goal of producing co-assembling of two types of molecules as chessboard arrays. After the chessboard array was obtained, we gathered knowledge about the mechanisms that formed such structures. Towards the goal of studying molecular self-assembly, we have employed proper surface sensitive techniques such as Scanning Tunneling Microscopy, Scanning Tunneling Spectroscopy and X-Ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy. Such techniques allowed us to obtain the structural and electronic properties of the nanostructures formedMestradoFísicaMestre em Físic
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
- …
