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Get PDFBackgroundHealth-compromising behaviors in adolescents and adults co-occur.
Because motor vehicle crashes are the leading cause of death and disability
for these age groups, understanding the association between risky driving
and other health compromising behaviors is critical.MethodsWe performed a secondary analysis of data from a randomized
controlled trial of an intervention for participants who screened positive
for risky driving and problem drinking. Using baseline data, we examined
relationships among conduct behavior problems before and after age 15,
depressive symptoms, sleep, problem drinking, and risky driving (hostile,
reckless and drinking and driving) in late adolescents ages 18\u201324
(n= 110) and adults ages 25\u201344 (n= 202). We
developed a measurement model for the entire sample using confirmatory
factor analysis, which was then specified as a multi-group structural
equation model.ResultsLate adolescents and adults had some similar associations for
pathways through problem drinking to drinking and driving; depression to
reckless driving; and conduct behavior problems after 15 to hostile driving.
Late adolescents, however, had more complex relationships: depressive
symptoms and conduct behavior problems before 15 were associated with more
risky driving behaviors through multiple pathways and males reported more
risky driving.ConclusionsRisky driving is associated with other health-compromising behaviors
and mental health factors. It is a multidimensional phenomenon more
pronounced in late adolescence than adulthood. In order to promote safe
driving, the findings support the need to consider behaviors that are a
health threat in the late adolescent population during driving training and
licensure.R00 NR013548/NR/NINR NIH HHSUnited States/T32 NR007100/NR/NINR NIH HHSUnited States/R49 CE523225/CE/NCIPC CDC HHSUnited States/R49CE523225/CE/NCIPC CDC HHSUnited States/K99 NR013548/NR/NINR NIH HHSUnited States/K99NR013548/NR/NINR NIH HHSUnited States/T32NR007100/NR/NINR NIH HHSUnited States
An Empirical Taxonomy of Incarcerated Male Sexual Offenders Using Finite Mixture Modeling: Adult Victims
Get PDFThe sexual victimization of women remains an endemic social, criminal, and public health problem. Much research has sought to identify risk and protective factors related to the sexual victimization of women so that prevention and intervention strategies can be more informed and targeted. Modern criminology has recognized the heterogeneous nature of many criminal behaviors in terms of their etiology, offender-, offense-, and victim-related characteristics. Such an approach has been labeled criminal profiling or criminal investigative analysis and yields richer information about the nature of crime than reliance on aggregate statistics (Hazelwood & Burgess, 2001). Knight (1999, p. 304) stated that understanding the taxometric structure of a deviant population is the ‘keystone to theory building and the cornerstone of intervention’. One area where our understanding of the heterogeneity of criminal behavior is lacking is the offenderoffense- victim triad in cases of sexual victimization. Marshall (1997) identified the reduction of heterogeneity among sexual offenders into manageable proportions as a priority research area. Unfortunately, this challenge has largely been met with little to no empirical effort
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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