1,720,977 research outputs found
European agricultural terraces and lynchets:from archaeological theory to heritage management
Get PDFTerraces are highly productive, culturally distinctive socioecological systems. Although they form part of time/place-specific debates, terraces per se have been neglected – fields on slopes or landscape elements. We argue that this is due to mapping and dating problems, and lack of artefacts/ecofacts. However, new techniques can overcome some of these constraints, allowing us to re-engage with theoretical debates around agricultuFterrral intensification. Starting from neo-Broserupian propositions, we can engage with the sociopolitical and environmental aspects of terrace emergence, maintenance and abandonment. Non-reductionist avenues include identifying and dating different phases of development within single terrace systems, identifying a full crop-range, and other activities not generally associated with terraces (e.g. metallurgy). The proposition here is that terraces are a multi-facetted investment that includes both intensification and diversification and can occur under a range of social conditions but which constitutes a response to demographic pressure in the face to fluctuating environmental conditions
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Terrestrial-Aerial-SfM and TLS data fusion for agricultural terrace surveys in complex topographic and land cover conditions
Get PDFMulti-temporal remote sensing for monitoring hydro-erosive process dynamics in terraced cultural landscapes
No full textCultural landscapes embody the evolving relationship between humans and nature, often reflecting strong rural influences. Agricultural terraces are repositories of traditional knowledge, supporting the local economy through food production and economic development, including tourism. However, challenges such as field abandonment, inadequate maintenance, and extreme rainfall events significantly affect terrace systems. These issues lead to instabilities, wall collapses, landslides, floods, and debris flows, posing an imminent threat to their distinctive identity. The increased frequency of heavy rainfall due to climate change may exacerbate these problems. Therefore, monitoring hydro-erosive processes is crucial to mitigate these risks and protect the associated social and cultural values. Remote sensing technologies with High-Resolution Topography (HRT) surveys offer effective tools (e.g., multi-temporal Digital Elevation Models-DEM) for this purpose. This research introduces a preliminary workflow for monitoring instabilities in terraced cultural landscapes, focusing on Italy's UNESCO World Heritage site “Portovenere, Cinque Terre, and the islands”. The area is prone to such issues as evidenced by a dramatic flash-flood event in 2011. The method integrates data collected over different years and techniques (i.e., airborne laser scanning and photogrammetry), overcoming challenges associated with “old legacy” datasets. These data facilitated investigations of hydro-erosive processes over time, supporting hydrological modelling and geomorphometric indices to identify critical areas for rapid and targeted mitigation. Monitoring, planning, and preventive measures are crucial for enhancing resilience in terraced cultural landscapes, and remote sensing technologies are key in reshaping protective strategies and preserving these invaluable landscapes.</p
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
- …
