1,720,992 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Efficacy and Usefulness of an Independent Public Earthquake Early Warning System: A Case Study - The Earthquake Network Initiative in Peru
Get PDFPublic earthquake early warning (PEEW) systems are intended to reduce individual risk by warning people ahead of shaking and allowing them to take protective action. Yet very few studies have assessed their actual efficacy from a risk‐reduction perspective. Moreover, according to these studies, a majority of people do not undertake safety actions when receiving the warning.
The spectrum of PEEW systems has expanded, with a greater diversity of actors (from citizens to private companies), increased independence from national authorities, and greater internationality. Beyond differences in warning and messaging strategies, systems’ characteristics may impact the way the public perceive, trust, understand, and respond to these warnings, which in turn will influence PEEW systems’ efficacy and perceived usefulness, enhancing the need for additional research.
We take the example of earthquake network, an independent, voluntary, community‐based and free system that offers a PEEW service. Through a quantitative survey (n = 2625), we studied users’ perception and reaction to a warning sent related to an M 8.0 earthquake in Peru (where no national system existed). We observed that even though only a minority of users actually took protective action, the system was appreciated and perceived as useful by the majority because it enabled mental preparation before the shaking. We found evidence for a tolerance for perceived late, missed, and false alerts. However, because it is a voluntary and independent system, the social dimension of the warning was incomplete because only a fringe of the population benefited from the warning. Therefore, many users’ first reaction was to warn their relatives. We discuss the need for partnerships between PEEW operators and national authorities to guarantee universal access to the service and maximize PEEW system efficacy
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
“Shaking in 5 Seconds!”—Performance and User Appreciation Assessment of the Earthquake Network Smartphone‐Based Public Earthquake Early Warning System
No full textPublic earthquake early warning systems have the potential to reduce individual risk by warning people of approaching tremors, but their development has been hampered by costly infrastructure. Furthermore, both users’ understanding of such a service and their reactions to actual warnings have been the topic of only a few surveys. The smartphone app of the Earthquake Network initiative utilizes users’ smartphones as motion detectors and provides the first example of a purely smartphone‐based earthquake early warning system, without the need for dedicated seismic station infrastructure and operating in multiple countries. We demonstrate that this system has issued early warnings in multiple countries, including for damaging shaking levels, and hence that this offers an alternative to conventional early warning systems in the foreseeable future. We also show that although warnings are understood and appreciated by users, notably to get psychologically prepared, only a fraction take protective actions such as “drop, cover, and hold.
Analysis of Detections by the Earthquake Network App between 2017-12-15 and 2020-01-31
Get PDFThe 'Earthquake Network’ (EQN) is an app which detects earthquakes by creating an ad-hoc network of smartphones' accelerometer sensors and provides early warnings for earthquakes via the same smartphone app. Detections are not due to individual smartphone measurements but due to near-simultaneous trigger signals from clusters of smartphones running the app. Therefore detections are normally located in the closest populated regions to an earthquake's epicentre. These datasets compare sets of detections with the earthquake parameters published by seismic institutes in order to analyse the performance of the EQN network.
One dataset contains 550 detections made by EQN between 2017-12-15 and 2020-01-31 in Chile, USA and Italy. Wherever possible, each detection was associated with an earthquake from the parameter catalogue of each country's seismic institute (CSN for Chile, USGS for USA and INGV for Italy). Associations were carried out automatically but also checked manually.
The other dataset contains 134 detections from around the world that could be associated to earthquakes with magnitude ≥ M5 or magnitude ≥ M4.5 in Italy and the USA. There are 68 detections that are common to the first dataset. All detections were associated to parameters from the the USGS earthquake parameter catalogue for consistency
- …
