1,720,960 research outputs found
Moderating Resistances: The Reproduction of Muslim Religious Space in the Dutch East Indies
Get PDFThis study seeks to historically elaborate on the roots of moderate Islam, focusing on the productive practices towards religious spaces in the Dutch colonial periods in the East Indies. It analyses the strategic changes in the Dutch reproduction of religious space during the Aceh War and the Sarekat Islam periods. The author argues that the Dutch government frequently seized Muslim religious space to secure its colonial power. The colonial government reproduced Muslim religious space in these two eras, representing symbolic support for the Dutch colonial hegemony. The appropriation of religious space was a spatial strategy to perpetuate the hegemony in social space. This study concludes that the reproduction of Muslim space represented a moderate position towards the Dutch colonial hegemony. Meanwhile, counter-space emerged to reverse such moderating practices. By counter-space, the Dutch moderating efforts on socio-religious space were contested, opposed, and condemned.[Kajian ini berupaya menguraikan secara historis akar Islam moderat, dengan fokus pada praktik produksi ruang keagamaan pada masa penjajahan Belanda di Indonesia. Analisis difokuskan pada perubahan strategi pemerintah kolonial Belanda dalam melakukan reproduksi ruang keagamaan selama periode Perang Aceh dan Sarekat Islam. Pemerintah Belanda sering merebut ruang keagamaan umat Islam untuk mengamankan kekuasaannya. Pemerintah kolonial mereproduksi ruang keagamaan umat Islam pada dua era tersebut sebagai merupakan simbol dukungan terhadap hegemoni kolonial Belanda. Perampasan ruang keagamaan merupakan strategi spasial untuk melanggengkan hegemoni atas ruang sosial. Kajian ini menyimpulkan bahwa reproduksi ruang keagamaan Islam merepresentasikan posisi moderat terhadap hegemoni kolonial. Sementara itu, ruang perlawanan muncul untuk membalikkan praktik-praktik moderasi tersebut. Melalui ruang perlawanan ini, upaya-upaya moderasi pemerintah kolonial Belanda dalam bidang sosial-keagamaan ditentang, ditantang, dan dikecam.
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
TALAQ DIVORCE: Its Meaning According to the Actor of Matrilocal Residence in Muslim Society
Get PDFThis book consists of six main points of discussions. The first point of discussion explains the phenomenon of talaq divorce in the era of petitioned divorce. In this section, the background of the issue regarding talaq divorce phenomenon by reason of economic strain in Tuban Regency,
East Java and its meaning in the development of the concept of man as the nafkah provider will be elaborated. Subsequently, the second topic of discussion contains theoretical perspectives on nafkah, talaq divorce, and conflict in husband and wife relations. This topic of discussion attempts to relate the concept of nafkah, gender relation, loyalty, and hope to the advent of divorce. In addition, conflict theory is also put forward in regards
to the existing hierarchical system which lead to domination or subordination that constantly reaps psychological and resistant function effect.
The third discussion topic explains the research method used. It elaborates on phenomenology as a method in finding meanings, particularly empirical phenomenology. This is followed with the fourth topic of discussion that is regarding profile and Tuban Regency Religious Court.
Aside from containing information on geographical location, demographic conditions and Tuban Regency Religious Court area of jurisdiction, this chapter will also shed light on descriptions and textual and structural meaning for wives who were petitioned with talaq divorce by their husbands, with emphasis on the problem of husband-wife and in-law relations system after marriage that is connected to the issue of family economy or welfare/nafkah. Subsequently, in the fifth chapter, discussions on the problem of husband-wife and in-law relations system that is related to several gender ideologies and power that woman could possess. Finally, the sixth discussion contains conclusion, theoretical implications, and limitation of study
Islam Radikal versus Islam Moderat: Kontestasi Framing dan Networking dalam Perang Aceh dan Sarekat Islam
Get PDFSebagai agama yang mengakar dalam mayoritas penduduk Indonesia dan sistem keyakinan yang menjadi sumber acuan dalam kehidupan privat sehari-hari, Islam juga telah terbukti menjadi sumber pemaknaan sekaligus sumber strategi bagi pertumbuhan gerakan sosial di Indonesia. Namun, satu hal yang penting untuk dicatat, pemaknaan itu tidak serta merta stagnan dan tunggal. Dalam perkembangannya, makna-makna ajaran Islam yang menginspirasi bagi pertumbuhan gerakan sosial di dalam sejarah Indonesia itu mengalami perubahan, dipahami secara berbeda dan, akhirnya, menimbulkan pertentangan di antara elemen gerakan sosial. Persoalan ini menjadi semakin rumit karena ajaran Islam juga dimanfaatkan oleh penguasa sebagai sarana politik pecah-belah dan penjinakan demi melanggengkan kekuasaan mereka. Berangkat dari sejarah panjang peran ajaran Islam dalam gerakan sosial di Indonesia tersebut, maka penciptaan makna yang melatarbelakangi lahirnya suatu gerakan sosial merupakan aspek penting untuk penyebaran ide-ide gerakan kepada orang atau berbagai kelompok masyarakat. Penciptaan, penyebaran, dan pelanggengan makna ini akan menentukan sampai sejauh mana suatu gerakan sosial mampu bertahan dan berkembang. Pemaknaan itu bisa saja berkaitan dengan ide tentang sebab dan tujuan suatu gerakan sosial, bisa pula pemaknaan terhadap hakikat lawan yang dihadapi yang merupakan faktor yang mampu mempengaruhi massa untuk ikut serta dalam sebuah gerakan (perlawanan)
Supporting or Resisting a Cement-Mining Industry: The Framing and Counter-framing of Religious Leaders (Kiai) in the Northern Kendeng, Central Java, Indonesia
Get PDFThis research would elaborate an agrarian conflict that occurred between the
mining industry and local peasants in the mountains of northern Kendeng in Central
Java, Indonesia. The northern Kendeng Mountains are a range of limestone mountains
that stretch across the Central and East Java regions. Due to its karst potential, it has
invited interest from the mining industry (Widi, 2013). However, the arrival of the
mining industry has been rejected by local villagers, the majority of which depended
on agriculture for their lives. The surrounding agricultural community believes that
the arrival of the mining industry would cause damage to the Kendeng mountainous
ecosystem. In the context of support to and resistance against the construction of a
cement factory, the involvement of religious leaders (kiai or ulama) and narratives
has emerged to the surface.
The supports from religious figures and narratives are dynamic. On the one
hand, the kiais and their religious narratives are reproduced to enlarge the wave of
resistance against the expansion of the mining industry. Yet, on the other hand, the
religious figures and narratives have also been exploited to provide a justification for
the expansion of the cement-mining industry in the northern Kendeng. The
production and reproduction of religious narratives by religious leaders looks very
manifest. As a result, the framing contest between the two groups occured, each of
which attempted to do framing and counter-framing by reproducing religious
narratives and discourses based on Islamic doctrines
REORGANISASI RUANG KAPITAL, PEMBANGUNAN, DAN KRISIS SOSIAL-EKOLOGIS DI WILAYAH III JAWA BARAT
Get PDFPenelitian ini mengkaji tentang reorganisasi ruang kapital, pembangunan, dan krisis sosial-ekologis di Wilayah III Jawa Barat. Reorganisasi ruang kapital dilihat
dari krisis sosial-ekologis pembangunan proyek strategis nasional (PSN) di Wilayah
III Jawa Barat. Tujuan dari penelitian ini untuk mengetahui reproduksi ruang kapital
krisis sosial ekologis dampak pembangunan proyek strategis nasional di Wilayah III
Jawa Barat.
Penelitian ini menggunakan teori eksklusi sosial yang menggambarkan
ketidakadilan yang terjadi akibat adanya efek samping pembangunan proyek strategis
nasional di Wilayah III Jawa Barat. Metode penelitian yang digunakan menggunakan
kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Unit analisisnya ialah warga terdampak
pembangunan proyek strategis nasional.
Hasil Penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Wilayah III Jawa Barat masuk dalam
master plan percepatan dan perluasan pembangunan ekonomi Indonesia (MP3EI)
2011-2025. Pembangunan proyek strategis nasional di Wilayah III Jawa Barat
cenderung neoliberalistik yang mengakibatkan krisis sosial-ekologis dan eksklusi
sosial pada masyarakat terdampak. Proyek bandara internasional Jawa Barat (BIJB)
di Majalengka mengakibatkan krisis sosial seperti minimnya keterjaminan alih
pekerjaan dari pertanian ke industri perdagangan dan/atau jasa. Krisis ekologis
menyebabkan berkurangnya wilayah resapan air, penyempitan saluran air, dan
terjadinya banjir. Kilang Pertamina RU-VI dan Industri Petrokimia di Balongan
Indramayu menyebabkan krisis sosial ekologis seperti hilangnya mata pencaharian
petani, petambak, dan nelayan akibat ekspansi industri petrokimia serta rusaknya
ekosistem laut. Bendungan Kuningan di Kabupaten Kuningan mengakibatkan
relokasi warga seta menghilangkan sebagian mata pencaharian warga. Kondisi ini
menyebabkan banyaknya pengangguran dan ganti untung yang tidak sesuai
ekspektasi. PLTU Cirebon mengakibatkan dampak sosial ekologis seperti
berkurangnya hasil tangkapan nelayan karena limbah batu bara, rusaknya ekosistem
laut, dan polusi udara.
Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa Proyek strategis nasional di Wilayah III
Jawa Barat berdampak positif pada percepatan perekonomian nasional. Akan tetapi,
pembangunan proyek strategis nasional ini cenderung neoliberalistik. Sehingga, yang
paling diuntungkan adalah investor dibandingkan masyarakat. Proyek strategis
nasional memiliki efek samping berupa krisis sosial ekologis pada masyarakat
terdampak langsung pembangunan. Warga terdampak langsung proyek strategis
nasional (PSN) mengalami eksklusi sosial berupa ketidakadilan
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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