1,721,005 research outputs found
PENGANTAR TEKNIK LABORATORIUM MIKROBIOLOGI DAN PENGENALAN BAKTERI ASAM LAKTAT
No full textMikroba adalah organisme yang berukuran mikro sehingga untuk mengamatinya diperlukan alat bantu berupa mikroskop. Mikroba dipertimbangkan sebagai salah satu sumber penghasil senyawa bioaktif yang ideal. Dalam ilmu sains, mikroba memiliki “posisi” khusus untuk dipelajari, terutama dalam bidang ilmu biologi dan biokimia. Di bab awal buku ini membahas sejarah penemuan mikroba , termasuk beberapa penelitian terkait “teori generasi spontan” yang kemudian berhasil dibantah oleh beberapa ilmuan. Dalam buku ini juga dibahas sejarah bakteri dimasa awal bumi terbentuk dan juga keragaman serta klasifikasi bakteri. Dari bab pertama ini, para pembaca akan diberikan pemahaman dasar mengenai mikroba dari aspek sejarah hingga klasifikasi. Buku ini juga menjelaskan mengenai metode isolasi bakteri dan laboratorium pendukung. Dalam bab ini, pembaca akan disajikan deskripsi teknik dasar penelitian dengan bakteri, termasuk penjelasn mengenai media pertumbuhan bakteri, cara-cara mengisolasi bakteri hingga instrument pendukun laboratorium mikrobiologi. Bab ini membantu memberikan deskripsi bagi para pembaca bagaimana konsep penelitian dengan bakteri sehingga sangat cocok dibaca bagi mahasiswa bidang fokus mikrobiologi yang akan melakukan penelitian. Pada bab berikutnya buku ini menyajikan teknik identifikasi bakteri, meliputi teknik Gram staining, karakterisasi biokimia, morfologi hingga konsep identifikasi bakteri secara molekuler. Dibidang mikrobiologi, identifikasi mikroorganisme penyebab infeksi memegang peranan yang sangat penting. Hal ini berkaitan dengan ketepatan terapi, pencegahan transmisi, serta pencegahan terjadinya resistensi antimikroba. Buku ini juga membahas sedikit perkenalan dengan bakteri asam laktat (BAL). BAL merupakan salah satu kelompok mikroba yang paling banyak dipelajari karena senyawa bioaktifnya memberikan banyak dampak positif terhadap kesehatan manusia. Senyawa bioaktif yang dimaksud adalah “bakteriosin”, yang merupakan suatu protein ekstraselular BAL. Bakteriosin telah cukup banyak yang dikomersilkan dalam dunia kesehatan. Pun demikian, diharapkan peneliti dimasa yang akan datang dapat lebih mengeksplorasi BAL untuk pemanfaatan senyawa bioaktifnya dibidang kesehatan dan kedokteran
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Strong Antimicrobial Acvitity of Lactic Acid Bacteria Isolated from Raw Goat Milk in Medan, North Sumatera, Against Staphylococcus aureus
Full text linkBiopreservation is a method of foods preservation using natural ingredients by inhibiting the growth of spoilage food bacteria. Lactic acid bacteria is a bacteria that utilize as food preservation because it produce antimicrobial agent including bacteriocin and also act as probiotic. LAB could isolated from various natural source including raw milk. The aim of the study was to determined the antimicrobial activity of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) isolated from raw goat milk against food spoilage bacteria including Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Salmonella typhi. The result of the research indicated that the LAB isolated from raw goat milk(isolate EH1, EH2, EH3, EH4, EH5 and EH6) were Gram positive, homofermentative and negative in catalase test. The antimicrobial activity of LAB against indicator bacteria showed the strong antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus. The inhibition zone of EH1, EH2, EH3, EH4, EH5 and EH6 against S.aureus respectively were 19 mm ; 17,4 mm; 21,7 mm; 14,3 mm; 14,2 mm and 16 mm. The LAB isolates could not inhibit the growth of E.coli and S.typhi. It concluded that LAB isolated from raw goat milk has a potential as source of effective probiotic against Gram positive bacteria.
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
ISOLASI DAN AKTIVITAS ANTI MIKROBA BAKTERI ASAM LAKTAT DARI FERMENTASI NIRA KELAPA SAWIT
Full text linkThe aim of the study was to isolate lactic acid bacteria (LAB) from palm oil sap and to investigate the anti microbial activity of LAB against pathogen bacteria, Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli using disc diffusion method. Palm oil sap were enriched using spesific medium MRS (Man Rogosa Sharpe) broth overnight, serial dilution were conducted and the culture were spread on the surface of MRS agar and then incubated for 48 hours. The result showed the total colonies of LAB were 1,4 x 107 CFU/mL. 6 colonies were randomly selected namely EHN1, EHN2, EHN3, EHN4, EHN5 and EHN6. The selected colonies are classified as Gram positive and bacilli in morphology. Antimicrobial activity against pathogenic bacteria was investigated using disc diffusion method. Antimicrobial activity of isolates against E.coli and S.aureus were 12,2 mm; 9mm; 11mm; 11mm; 10,5mm; 12 mm dan 13,5mm; 11mm; 12mm; 11,5mm; 12mm; 12,5mm respectively. from these result it can be concluded that LAB isolated from oil palm sap has potential as probiotic
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Skrining Probiotik Asal Produk Komersil yang Berpotensi Sebagai Inhibitor a-Glukosidase
Full text linkVarious types of food products have good and bad effects on human health. One type of food that provides positive benefits is functional food. Functional foods are foods or beverages that are not only consumed to fulfill nutritional needs, but also provide good effects on the body's health and help reduce the risk of serious diseases. An example of functional food is probiotic drinks, which are known to support digestive health and strengthen the immune system. The content of probiotic drinks has a good impact on digestion and is able to inhibit α-glucosidase, so it is good to be consumed as a supplement for type 2 diabetes patients. The research focused on testing the potential of probiotics derived from commercial products on α-glucosidase enzyme activity. This type of research is laboratory experimental research with In Vitro method. The samples in this study are beverage samples with various types of brands containing probiotic milk that will be tested. The results showed that of the 8 probiotic isolates isolated from commercial products L-Bio, Yakult, Biokul and Max biotic have tolerance to acid and bile salt. Probiotic isolates in this study did not show antimicrobial activity. Screening of probiotics from commercial products with the most potential as α-glucosidase inhibitors was yakult
- …
