51 research outputs found
Les appellations d'origine dans la genèse des droits de propriété intellectuelle
No full textLes appellations d'origine représentent un rameau peu connu des droits « intellectuels ». Elles méritent que cet ouvrage leur ouvre une fenêtre. En effet, travailler sur les systèmes agroalimentaires localisés implique de prendre en compte ces dimensions importantes que sont les aspects juridiques. D'autant plus que sur de nombreux terrains, les chercheurs ont la chance d'observer, voire de participer à l'élaboration de ces normes et règles d'exclusivité et, en ce sens, à la construction du local. C'est pourquoi nous apprécions de pouvoir reprendre ici le texte d'une intervention de Marie-Angèle Hermitte sur «Les représentations de la qualité dans les dispositifs juridiques »2. Partant du cadre général des droits de la propriété intellectuelle, M.-A. Hermitte nous livre une approche nécessaire et éclairante sur l'histoire des idées et de leur propriété. Chemin faisant, elle nous montre les mécanismes qui sous-tendent le passage de la propriété des idées et de l'industrie à celle, avec les AOC, de la création d'un marché réservé. L'explicitation de ces changements l'amène à revisiter la vision classique en sciences sociales de la «tradition» et celle, sans doute plus d'actualité, des rapports entre terroirs et sociétés. Ces appellations consacrent, comme le souligne l'auteur, le « travail commun de l'homme et de la nature pour élaborer un produit».The issue of labels of origin is a poorly known branch of 'inteIlectual property rights'. Investigating localised agrifood systems means taking into account the important dimension oflegal aspects. This is aIl the more necessary since researchers are given the opportunity ofobserving and even participating in the elaboration ofexclusivity regulations and standards at many of their study sites and thus take part in the construction of locality. Starting from the general framework of inteIlectual property rights, Marie-Angèle Hermitte provides us with a necessary and clarifying approach to the history of ideas and of their property3. Meanwhile, she highlights the underlying mechanisms at play in the passage from the property ofideas and of the industry to that ofcreating a reserved market in the case of AGes. In explaining these changes, she re-examines the classical view of 'tradition' in the social sciences and that, maybe more topical, of the relationship between terroirs and societies. As the author puts it, these labels establish the 'joint work ofpeople and nature in elaborating a product'
Detection of the JAK2V617F mutation with the Ipsogen MutaScreen kit: absence of JAK2V617F does not mean absence of myeloproliferative neoplasm
No full textAnalyse des contraintes relevées sur une pale du groupe A 3 N de la Rance
No full textA study of the behavior of the main mechanical parts of a machine under actual operational conditions can contribute valuable information towards the manufacturer's and designer's development studies. A bulb unit at the Rance power plant, which had been in service under a wide range of different conditions provided
an interesting subject of investigation into the behavior of its main mechanical components in industrial service. A major investigation was successfully carried out by close collaboration between Electricité de France and Neyrpic, a Division of Alsthom, one of the manufacturers of these units. This development research enabled more economical low-head plant operation to be achieved. The author describes the results of strain gauge measurements on a runner blade, in which the results were transmitted through the sea water by raclio. The results provided a check on the design calculations and helped towards a better understanding of stresses arising under transient operating conditions. Characteristic operating conditions were covered with the sets operating as direct reverse pumps and turbines. The average stress measured in the blade mounting under peak operating conditions was 14 kg/sq.mm with the unit running as a turbine. The blade vibrated under the excitation of the fixed components and cavitation but at no time did this vibration assume dangerous proportions. No abnormal effects were observed when the machine cut out. This analysis will require completing with a study of the hydrodynamic pressure distribution, for which a special measurement programme has been carried out
Incarnate territories. Extractivism, communalisms and gender in the P'urhépecha Plateau. Interview with Verónica Velázquez
No full textVerónica Velázquez es actual encargada de la Dirección de Fomento a la Investigación en la Coordinación Nacional de Antropología del INAH y fue ganadora del Premio Cátedra Jorge Alonso en 2019 por la investigación que lleva el mismo nombre. Esta entrevista tiene como objetivo reflexionar acerca del proceso de investigación que la autora realizó en la Meseta P’urhépecha, en la que abordó la violencia, el despojo, el extractivismo, y cómo estos procesos se encarnan en el cuerpo de las mujeres.Verónica Velázquez is currently in charge of the Research Promotion office in the National Coordination of Anthropology of the INAH, and was the winner of the Jorge Alonso Award in 2019 for her research that bears the same name. This interview aims to reflect on the research process that the author carried out in the P’urhépecha Plateau, in which she addressed violence, dispossession, extractivism, and how these processes are embodied in the body of women.Butler, Judith (2006). Vida precaria. El poder de la violencia y el duelo. Buenos Aires: Paidós.
Calveiro, Pilar (2012). Violencias de Estado: la guerra antiterrorista y la guerra contra el crimen como medios de control global. Buenos Aires: Siglo XXI.
Garibay Orozco, Claudio (2008). Comunalismos y liberalismos campesinos, identidad comunitaria, empresa social forestal y poder corporado en el México contemporáneo. Zamora: El Colegio de Michoacán.
________ (2010). “Paisajes de acumulación minera por desposesión campesina en el México actúal”. En Ecología política de la minería en América Latina, Delgado Ramos, Gian Carlo (coord.). México: Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, pp. 133-182.
Guber, Rosana (2013). La articulación etnográfica: Descubrimiento y trabajo de campo en la investigación de Esther Hermitte. Buenos Aires: Editorial Biblos.
Lemus, Alicia (2016) “La puesta en práctica de la Kaxumbecua ‘honorabilidad’ en un espacio trasnacional: Una comunidad P'urhepecha”. Tesis de Dotorado, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México.
Maldonado Aranda, Salvador (2012). “Drogas, violencia y militarización en el México rural: el caso de Michoacán”. Revista mexicana de sociología 74(1), pp. 5-39.
Menéndez, Eduardo (1997). “El punto de vista del actor: homogeneidad, diferencia e historicidad”. Relaciones, vol. 18, núm. 67, México: El Colegio de Michoacán, pp. 237- 270.
Segato, Rita (2015). “La pedagogía de la crueldad”. Página 12. Recuperado de: https://www.pagina12.com.ar/diario/suplementos/las12/13-9737-2015-05-29.html. Consultado el 29 de mayo de 2015.
Zárate, Eduardo José (2005). “La comunidad imposible. Alcances y paradojas del moderno comunalismo”. En Miguel Lisbona (ed.). La comunidad a debate. Reflexiones sobre el concepto de comunidad en el México contemporáneo. México: El Colegio de Michoacán / Universidad de Ciencias y Artes de Chiapas
Nagualismo y Chamanismo entre los pueblos indígenas de México. 96 (2008) febrero. Diario de Campo. Boletín interno de los investigadores del área de Antropología
No full textBARABAS, Alicia, "La etica del Don. Sistemas indígenas de reciprocidad en Oaxaca", La Comunidad sin Límites, vol. 1, Coords. S.Millán y J. Valle Serie Ensayos, Col. Etnografía de los Pueblos Indígenas de México, CONACULTAINAH, México, 2003a._________________ , "Etnoterritorialidad sagrada en Oaxaca", Diálogos con el territorio Simbolizaciones sobre el espacio en las culturas indígenas de México, vol. 1, Coord. A. Barabas, Serie Ensayos, Col. Etnografía de los Pueblos Indígenas de México, CONACULTA-INAH, México, 2003b.BARABAS, Alicia y Miguel Bartolomé (Coords.), Configuraciones étnicas en Oaxaca: perspectivas etnográficas para las autonomías, 111 Tomos, INAH -INI, México, 1999.BARTOLOMÉ, Miguel, Gente de costumbre y Gente de razón. Las identidades étnicas en México, ed. Siglo XXI, 1ª ed ., México, 1997._________________ , "Elogio del Politeísmo. Las cosmovisiones indígenas en Oaxaca", Cuadernos de Etnología 3, Diario de Campo, CONACULTA-INAH, México, 2005.BARTOLOME, Miguel y Alicia BARABAS, Tierra de la Palabra: historia y etnografía de los chatinos de Oaxaca, Colección Científica, número 108, INAH, México (2 º. Ed.,1996), 1982._________________ , La presa cerro de Oro y el Ingeniero el Gran Dios, relocalización y etnocidio chinanteco en México, 2 Tomos, Colección Presencias números 19 y 20, INI, México, 1990.ELIADE, Mircea, El Chamanismo y las técnicas arcaicas del éxtasis, Fondo de Cultura Económica, México (1ª.Ed. en francés de 1951), 1960._________________ , Lo Sagrado y lo Profano, Ed. Guadarrama, Madrid, España, 1967.HERMITTE, Esther, "El concepto de nahual entre los mayas de Pinola", Ensayos de antropología en la zona central de Chiapas, INI, México, 1970a, p. 371-390._________________ , Poder sobrenatural y control social en un pueblo maya contemporáneo. Instituto Indigenista Interamericano, México, 1970b.LAGARRIGA, Isabel: GALINIER, J. Y PERRIN, M. (coord .), Chamanismo en Latinoamérica, PyV-UIA-CEMCA, México, 1995.LÓPEZ Austin, Alfredo, Cuerpo humano e ideología. 11 Tomos, UNAM, México, 1984. "El núcleo duro, la cosmovisión y la tradición mesoamericana", en Cosmovisión, ritual e identidad en los pueblos indígenas de México, J. Broda y F. Báez-Jorge Coords., FCE, México, 2001
ZENON, a novel POZ Kruppel-like DNA binding protein associated with differentiation and/or survival of late postmitotic neurons
No full textInternational audienceThe rat tyrosine hydroxylase gene promoter contains an E-box/dyad motif and an octameric and heptameric element that may be recognized by classes of transcription factors highly expressed during nervous system development. In a one-hybrid genetic screen, we used these sites as targets to isolate cDNAs encoding new transcription factors present in the brain. We identified ZENON, a novel rat POZ protein that contains two clusters of Kruppel-like zinc fingers and that presents several features of a transcription factor. ZENON is found in nuclei following transient transfection with the cDNA. The N-terminal zinc finger cluster contains a DNA binding domain that interacts with the E box. Cotranfection experiments revealed that ZENON induces tyrosine hydroxylase promoter activity. Unlike other POZ proteins, the ZENON POZ domain is not required for either activation of transcription or self-association. In the embryonic neural tube, ZENON expression is restricted to neurons that have already achieved mitosis and are engaged in late stages of neuronal differentiation (late postmitotic neurons). ZENON neuronal expression persists in the adult brain; therefore, ZENON can be considered a marker of mature neurons. We propose that ZENON is involved in the maintenance of panneuronal features and/or in the survival of mature neurons
Colorectal cancer: A paradigmatic model for cancer immunology and immunotherapy
No full textColorectal cancer can be categorized into two major molecular subtypes according to the status of their DNA proofreading and repair machinery. The DNA repair status of tumor cells plays a major role in shaping the immune landscape of tumors and in determining the clinical response of colorectal cancer patients to immune checkpoint blockade therapies. Colorectal cancers that develop in a context of DNA mismatch repair or polymerase proofreading deficiency are generally conspicuously infiltrated by effector memory T cells and are associated with an improved clinical prognosis relative to their replication repair-proficient counterpart. While mismatch repair-deficient colorectal cancers, and most likely POLE and POLD1-mutated cancers, are amenable to immune checkpoint blockade therapies, the promise of immunotherapy still remains unfulfilled for for the majority of colorectal cancer patients. This review focusses on the role of the immune system in the tumorigenesis and clinical behavior of colorectal cancer. Furthermore, we discuss how latest advances in the fields of genomics and oncoimmunology may pave the way to broaden the scope of immunotherapy for this disease.Molecular tumour pathology - and tumour geneticsMTG2 - Moleculaire genetica van gastrointestinale tumore
Comparison of Immune Response Assessment in Colon Cancer by Immunoscore (Automated Digital Pathology) and Pathologist Visual Scoring
No full textAdjunction of immune response into the TNM classification system improves the prediction of colon cancer (CC) prognosis. However, immune response measurements have not been used as robust biomarkers of pathology in clinical practice until the introduction of Immunoscore (IS), a standardized assay based on automated artificial intelligence assisted digital pathology. The strong prognostic impact of the immune response, as assessed by IS, has been widely validated and IS can help to refine treatment decision making in early CC. In this study, we compared pathologist visual scoring to IS. Four pathologists evaluated tumor specimens from 50 early-stage CC patients and classified the CD3+ and CD8+ T-cell densities at the tumor site (T-score) into 2 (High/Low) categories. Individual and overall pathologist scoring of immune response (before and after training for immune response assessment) were compared to the reference IS (High/Low). Pathologists’ disagreement with the reference IS was observed in almost half of the cases (48%) and training only slightly improved the accuracy of pathologists’ classification. Agreement among pathologists was minimal with a Kappa of 0.34 and 0.57 before and after training, respectively. The standardized IS assay outperformed expert pathologist assessment in the clinical setting
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