1,720,972 research outputs found
Oxidative stress and antioxidant response in the frontal cortex of demented and non-demented individuals with Alzheimer’s neuropathology. Proceedings of the 63rd Congress of the Italian Embryological Group (GEI)
No full textEarly alterations in the expression of antioxidant enzymes and oxidative stress markers in neurogenic niches of TG2576 mouse model of Alzheimer's disease
No full textNerve Growth Factor and autophagy: effect of nasal Anti-NGF-Antibodies administration on Ambra1 and Beclin-1 expression in rat brain.
No full textNerve growth factor (NGF) exerts protective actions in the healthy and diseased nervous system. Intranasal administration is a suitable and safe strategy to deliver NGF to CNS neurons. We investigated whether nasal anti-NGF-antibody (ANA) administration affects neuronal autophagy, in view of its putative regulatory role in this process. We focused on olfactory bulbs (OB), neocortex (Cx), hippocampus (HF) and septal complex (SC), known to be NGF-responsive and autophagically active. Our combined molecular/morphological results demonstrate that intranasally administered ANA reaches brain NGF-target neurons and lowers the levels of endogenous NGF and its receptors. Treatment also affects - in a brain region-dependent manner - the expression of the autophagic proteins Beclin-1 and Ambra1, as well as that of proteins belonging to the Bcl2 family, namely Bax and Bcl-2, reflecting apoptotic dysregulation. This study provides a nongenetically modified, NGF-defective animal model, representing a suitable tool to investigate novel properties of the neurotrophin, especially in relation to autophagy
The role of peroxisomes during adult neurogenesis in a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease. In: Proceedings of the 63rd Congress of the Italian Embryological Group (GEI)
No full text
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Targeting PPARalpha In Alzheimer`s Disease
No full textAlzheimer's disease (AD) is the result of a combination of genetic and environmental risk factors and the molecular mechanisms underlying cognitive decline are yet to be fully elucidated. The so-called "amyloid cascade hypothesis" has long been the prevailing paradigm for causation of disease, and today being revisited in relation to other pathogenic pathways, such as oxidative stress, neuroinflammation and lipid and glucose dysmetabolism. The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPARs) are expressed in the CNS and regulate many physiological processes, such as energy metabolism, neurotransmission, redox homeostasis, autophagy and cell cycle. Among the three isotypes, PPARα is known to be either downregulated or activated under pathological conditions, including AD. Several lines of in vitro and in vivo evidence emphasize possible treatment of amyloid pathology based on PPARα natural or synthetic ligands. This review provides an update on this topic, focussing on the effects of selective agonists in modulating neuronal/glial processes, involved in AD onset and progression. Anti-amyloidogenic properties of fibrates in humans and in mouse models of pathological ageing, as well as protective action of this class of FDA-approved xenobiotics against Aβ-induced neuronal damage suggest their therapeutic use in delaying AD progression. At the same time, endogenous PPARα ligands, such as N-acyl ethanolamines, may even prevent memory decline and secretion of pro-inflammatory molecules, as demonstrated in different pathological models. Overall, targeting PPARα to elicit antioxidant response, blunt neuroinflammation, and promote survival vs. neurodegeneration mechanisms, appears a promising and timely approach to AD treatment
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Role of skeletal muscle in motor neuron development
Full text linkThe current paper is a continuation of our work most recently described in Kablar, 2011. Here, we show lists of up- and down-regulated genes obtained by a cDNA microarray analysis that compared developing mouse MyoD-/- limb musculature (MyoD-dependent, innervated by Lateral Motor Column motor neurons) and Myf5-/- back (epaxial) musculature (Myf5-dependent, innervated by Medial Motor Column motor neurons) to the control and to each other, at embryonic day 13.5 which coincides with the robust programmed cell death of motor neurons and the inability of myogenesis to undergo its normal progression in the absence of Myf5 and MyoD that at this embryonic day cannot substitute for each other. We wanted to see if/how the myogenic program couples with the neurotrophic one, and also to separate Lateral from Medial column trophic requirements, potentially relevant to Motor Neuron Diseases with the predilection for the Lateral column. Several follow-up steps revealed that Kif5c, Stxbp1 and Polb, differentially expressed in the MyoD-/- limb muscle, and Ppargc1a, Glrb and Hoxd10, differentially expressed in the Myf5-/- back muscle, are actually regulators of motor neuron numbers. We propose a series of follow-up experiments and various ways to consider our current data
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