1,720,974 research outputs found
Comparison of different alternative steel technologies: evaluation of case studies for an innovative and sustainable steelwork
No full textModellazione di un Altoforno Industriale Finalizzata alla Riduzione dei Consumi Energetici e delle Emissioni di CO2 di un Impianto Siderurgico a Ciclo Integrale
No full textWater Process Integration: Assessment of an Ultrafiltration and Reverse Osmosis-Based Treatment to Regenerate Coke-Making Area Wastewater
No full textA novel Key Performance Indicator for measuring the competitiveness of materials production within the EU
No full textCompetitiveness is a crucial factor for the sustainable development of any country. In this study, competitiveness is investigated under the perspective of the capability of a country to be self-sufficient from the energy point of view and to produce and export materials or goods. A ranking of countries and a classification of the most competitive materials over a long
period for a geographic area is established through a novel economic indicator: as an exemplar case, calculations have been carried out considering a sample of five European countries, which produce some plastic materials in 2006 and up to 2020
Process integration analysis and economic-environmental evaluation for an innovative environmentally friendly recovery and pre-treatment of steel scrap
No full textThe use of Zinc-coated steel (e.g. galvanized steel) in melting cycles based on Electric Arc Furnaces can increase the production of harmful dust and hazardous air emissions. This article describes a novel process to simultaneously preheat and remove the coating from the scrap surface before the melting phase. The zinc in coating is removed in the gas phase by chloride containing syngas combustion and collected in a dedicated recovery system. Two possible innovative process routes are described, which involve plastic waste pre-treatment, shredded plastic gasification/pyrolysis, steel scrap preheating and zinc recovery processes. The routes have been modeled in an integrated flowsheet, in order to allow a comprehensive simulation and optimization of the pretreatment processes. The process optimization results in possible energy savings of over 300 MJ/t of preheated scrap charged in the Electric Arc Furnace for steel production. Moreover, a comparison among different scenarios according to economic and environmental criteria has been carried out. </p
Efficient approximation of time consuming models for their use in optimization frameworks
No full textSeveral widely used model optimization techniques such as, for instance, genetic algorithms, exploit an intelligent test of different input variables configurations. Such variables are fed to an arbitrary model and their effect is evaluated in terms of the output variables, in order to identify their optimal values according to some predetermined criteria. Unfortunately some models concern real world phenomena which involve a high number of input and output variables, whose interactions are complex. Consequently the simulations can be so time consuming that their use within an optimization procedure is unaffordable. In order to overcome this criticality, reducing the simulation time required for running the model within the optimization task, a novel method based on the combination of clustering and interpolation techniques is proposed. This technique is based on the use of a set of pre-run simulations of the original model, which are firstly used to cluster the input space and to assign to each cluster a suitable output value within the output space. Subsequently, in the simulation phase, an ad-hoc interpolation is performed in order to provide the final simulation results. The proposed method has been tested on two complex models related to the steel making industry: the first one concerns the optimization of blast furnace, the other one the operation of a EAF scrap pretreatment plant. The proposed approach has obtained good results in terms of accuracy and time-efficiency
A model for simulation of an integrated steelmaking plant focused on energy consumptions and CO2 emissions
No full textGoing Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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