1,720,984 research outputs found
Predation risk of the sea urchin Paracentrotus lividus juveniles in an overfished area reveal system stability mechanisms and restocking challenges
No full textBacterial flora associated with the digestive tract of gilthead seabreams reared in floating cages in the Alghero Bay (North western Sardinia, Italy): preliminary results
Full text linkThe intestinal microflora of fish is highly variable and can depend on many factors such as species,
developmental stage, environmental conditions, trophic habits and, in the case of farmed fish, on
rearing conditions (i.e., fish density, quality of rearing water, dietary regimen, etc.). Different studies
showed that Gram-negative bacteria such as Enterobacteriaceae and theVibrio-Aeromonasgroup
dominate the fish intestine. However, since few studies have been carried out on the bacterial flora of
intensively reared marine teleosts, the aim of the present study was to investigate the microflora associated
with the digestive tract ofSparus aurataspecimens reared in floating cages. A total of 30 gilthead
seabreams (mean weight 324.9±61.4 g) starved for 48 hours was sampled in autumn 2008 from a
fish farming facility located in the Alghero Bay (North western Sardinia, Italy: Lat 40°33’43.9’’N, Long
8°16’09.0’’E). The intestine between the pyloric caeca and the anus of each specimen was removed and
analysed by means of conventional bacteriological techniques using five culture media: Plate Count
Agar (PCA), Nutrient Agar (NA), Violet Red Bile Glucose Agar (VRBGA), Violet Red Bile Agar Mug
(VRBA-MUG), and de Man-Rogosa-Sharpe (MRS) agar. Total viable counts on PCA and NA were quite
similar, showing mean values of 126.7±109.0 colony forming units (cfu) per gram intestinal tissue
(between 10.0 and 495.0 cfu/g) and 108.0±101.6 cfu/g (from nil to 350.0 cfu/g), respectively. The mean
number of Enterobacteriaceae determined on VRBGA proved to be 46.3±42.8 cfu/g (from nil to 150 cfu/
g) and the VRBA-MUG mean count were 30.4±29.3 cfu/g (from nil to 95.0 cfu/g). No bacterial colonies
were instead detected using the MRS medium. These results, although preliminary, evidenced a relative
low number of bacteria associated with the digestive tract of the fish examined, thus indicating
good hygienic conditions inside the cages as well as a suitable rearing density and a balanced diet for
the seabreams
Out of season sheep milk production in Sardinia
Full text linkSheep breeding in Sardinia is based on two lambing seasons: in autumn for adult and in late winter for primiparous ewes. The milk production is concentrated within the winter-spring period, determining a break in the cheese factories’ activities from the middle summer to the middle autumn. In order to have a continuous milk production over all the year an out-of-season sheep farming model was tested in Sardinian irrigated lowland. 52 Sarda dairy ewes, 20% of which primiparous, were mated in October with a lambing season in March. The experimental flock grazed rotationally a forage model based on 66% of irrigated surface. Flock fertility and prolificacy resulted 100% and 1.58, respectively. During the suckling period the average lamb growth rate was 255 + 0.08 g head d-1. The average milk yield resulted 279 l head-1in 180 milking days (290 and 258 l head-1for adult and primiparous ewes, respectively). Average milk fat and protein contents were 5.8% and 4.7% respectively. The study suggested that it is possible to integrate an out of season milk production with the traditional breeding system in Sardinian irrigated lowlands
Confronto fra sistemi foraggero-zootecnici per ovini da latte in ambiente asciutto: nota II: risultati zootecnici del triennio 1990-93
Full text linkThree 5 ha dairy sheep systems with different input levels were compared during three years. The percentage oftotal system
area conventionally cultivated each year was equal to 80%, 20% and 30% in systems C, EPM and EPMP respectively. Each
system was rotationally grazed by 30 dairy ewes. Milk yield was significantly higher in EPM group, the total annual yield for each
system being equal to 1.10 (C), 1.33 (EPM) and 1.17 (EPMP) t ha-1of milk. Hay consumption tended to be lower in the system
EPM in comparison with system C and EPMP averaging to 0.30 (EPM), 0.34 (C) and 0.36 t ha-1of DM (EPMP). On the basis of
overall results, the EPM system showed the best performances.Nel triennio 1990-93 sono stati confrontati tre sistemi foraggero zootecnici C (Cereali), EPM (Erbaio Pascolo Migliorato)
e EPMP (Erbaio Pascolo Migliorato Prati), caratterizzati da una percentuale di SAU coltivata rispettivamente pari all'80, 20
e 30%. Ciascun sistema è stato pascolato da 30 pecore da latte di razza Sarda. La produzione di latte è stata significativamente più
elevata nel sistema EPM e la produzione totale media annua è stata di 1,10 (C), 1,33 (EPM) e 1,17 (EPMP) t ha-1. Il consumo di
fieno è stato in media 0,30 (EPM), 0,34 (C) e 0,36 (EPMP) t ha-1di sostanza secca. In conclusione il sistema EPM, fra quelli
a confronto, ha mostrato i migliori risultati sia in termini di produzione di latte e di carne e nel contempo di un minore consumo di
supplementi
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Genetic patterns in Mugil cephalus and implications for fisheries and aquaculture management
Full text linkSurvey of the genetic variability of populations ofRuditapes philippinarumfrom tre Gulf of Olbia (N-E Sardinia) by microsatellites = Indagine sulla variabilità genetica di popolazioni diRuditapes philippinarumprovenienti dal golfo di Olbia (N-E Sardegna)
Full text linkGenetic variability was investigated at six microsatellitelociof the Manila clamRuditapes philippinarum(Adams & Reeve, 1850) (Bivalvia) from the Gulf of Olbia (N-E Sardinia) and Sacca di Goro (N Adriatic Sea). We found no significant differentiation among Sardinian samples and between those and the Adriatic one, which suggests the absence of a founder effect in Sardinian population
Effet de la disponibilité en herbe et de la structure du couvert herbacé sur l'ingestion et la production de brebis au pâturage
No full textCe papier rapporte les résultats de trois ans d'études menées en Sardaigne entre 1992 et 1994
avec l'objectif de vérifier l'effet de l'intensité du pâturage et de la supplémentation sur les performances de
brebis laitières et sur la structure d'une prairie de ray-grass d'Italie (
Lam.). Lors des deux
essais de pâturage de printemps et des deux d’hiver ont été comparées différentes intensités de pâturage
identifiées par des objectifs de maintien de la hauteur d'herbe (HH) à des niveaux différents. Chaque lot était
divisé en deux sous-lots qui recevaient 0 ou 500 g/b/j de maïs grain. Les résultats montrent que la différence
d’intensité de pâturage a influencé la production de biomasse aérienne du ray-grass d'Italie, sa répartition en
différents composants et les performances des animaux. HH est corrélée positivement avec la disponibilité en
matière sèche. L'intensité de pâturage a influencé la structure de la prairie. La disponibilité en matière sèche et
sa composition ont influencé également l'ingestion d'herbe (HI) qui s’accroît avec l'augmentation de HH. De
plus, HI a été plus faible pour les brebis qui consommaient du maïs ; le taux de substitution a été compris entre
56 et 211% en hiver et entre 50 et 150% au printemps. En hiver comme au printemps, le temps de pâturage
augmente lorsque HH diminue. La production laitière individuelle des brebis s’élève avec HH, mais la quantité
de lait produite par hectare est plus élevée lorsque HH est faible. Les meilleures situations, en termes de
production par hectare, ont été celles où le compromis entre production individuelle et chargement était bien
établi. En pâturage continu, la hauteur optimale du ray-grass pour les brebis laitières se situe autour de 60 mm
jusqu'à la fin du printemps. Il est alors conseillé de réduire la hauteur en augmentant le chargement pour
retarder le début de la phase reproductive de l'herbe. La supplémentation avec du maïs produit une substitution
très importante. La hauteur de l'herbe ne doit pas descendre en dessous de 40 mm.!" #
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Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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