659 research outputs found
[Review of] Michele Lise Tarter and Richard Bell, eds., Buried lives: the incarcerated in early America
No full textTeaching the carceral crisis: an ethical and pedagogical imperative
No full textPersons convicted of criminal offenses are strikingly absent from typical law school curricula. With the exception of sentencing courses and a few limited clinical offerings in capital punishment, law students have few opportunities to consider the fates of those upon whom the state has levied its most severe sanction—a criminal conviction. Even those courses that purport to explain the myriad mechanisms by which the state administers criminal punishment rarely delve into considerations of the consequences of conviction. And yet, while law students are pedagogically insulated from thinking seriously about the 2.3 million people currently incarcerated in this country—or the millions more who have a criminal conviction in their “background”— hordes of convicted persons continue to live under a cloud of scrutiny and proscription, and the troubling trends of mass conviction and mass incarceration in the United States remain largely unchecked and unexamined as a matter of law. Given the range of possible explanations for the emergence of the American carceral crisis—and its implications for several areas of law, it is useful to consider seriously the treatment of this phenomenon in law school curricula. This Article considers whether and how to incorporate mass conviction and incarceration into standard law school courses, and is intended to foster a conversation about this curricular silence.Law reviews, the preferred publication outlet for law faculty nationwide, are generally student-edited. Article selection is highly competitive and the editing process is rigorous. While some law reviews utilize faculty peer review to assist with the article selection process, this is an exception, not the norm
Racial fortuity, rights sacrifice, and the promise of convergence in prison and policing policy
No full textContemplating Professor Bell’s theory of “racial fortuity,” Professor Henderson argues that in criminal justice policy – specifically, incarceration and policing – minorities remain only fortuitous beneficiaries of reform. Using as examples California’s Assembly Bill 109, which functions to reallocate offender responsibility to the local level in the wake of the Supreme Court’s affirmance of the three-judge panel prison reduction order in Brown v. Plata, and the public campaigns being waged against police misconduct and brutality in the wake of the Occupy Wall Street protests, Henderson argues that, while robust efforts to address racialized harms have been eschewed in favor of policies which stand to further entrench racial disparities and inequality, there remains for advocates a window of opportunity yet to be seized.One of several essays written by New York City-area law professors who gathered to pay tribute to the late Derrick Bell’s scholarship and teaching at an event hosted by Columbia Law School on December 10, 2011, entitled “A Living, Working Faith: Remembering Our Colleague Derrick A. Bell, Jr.” Professors who presented at the conference developed essays reflecting their comments on three central themes: the Permanence of Racism, Bell’s unique teaching pedagogy and his Interest Convergence Theory. These essays were later published by the Columbia Journal of Race and Law as a special on-line feature named after the conference
The ironic promise of the Thirteenth Amendment for offender anti-discrimination law
No full textPolicymakers and legal scholars agree that persistent private discrimination against persons convicted of crimes is a significant public policy concern. Persons convicted of crimes are routinely shut out of legitimate labor and housing markets, precipitating recidivist behavior and other social ills. In an attempt to curtail these practices, local and state governments have enacted anti-discrimination legislation designed to protect offenders’ access to these markets. Local legislative efforts have, however, proven inadequate to quell discrimination against this group, prompting calls for a federal response. This Article identifies a source of law supporting broad-ranging federal anti-discrimination legislation in this area—the Thirteenth Amendment. The goal of this Article is to provide a historical basis for linking market exclusion to slavery and other forms of citizen subordination. Its scholarly contributions lie at the intersection of two previously disparate academic projects: The call to expand the categories of private conduct that Congress is empowered to curtail under Section 2 of the Thirteenth Amendment and the call to consider seriously the historical antecedents in civil death, slavery, and Jim Crow for modern trends of hyper-conviction and incarceration, and collateral and incidental consequences. This Article links these important scholarly conversations and posits that the anti-subordination principles explicit in the Amendment’s text and history can inform more aggressive efforts to dismantle some of the private barriers to reintegration for convicted persons. By examining the pernicious effects of private discrimination on offenders, it shows that these forms of discrimination mimic characteristics of American chattel slavery and warrant swift
federal intervention
Nouns with the formative -nia
No full textThe author has described a number of semantic types with their common
formative -nia (nomina loci, nomina instrument!, nomina actionia, ' nomina
acti, nomina collectivi etc.). The types have been divided into productive
and non-productive. The aim of the analysis was to define the function of the
formative -nia in contemporary language and what words it forms.
Hie author statès in conclusion that of all types with the formative -nia
only two are semantically clear i.e. nomina loci and nomina instrument!. She
has also noticed the retrogression of the formative function in space nouns
and its special function in forming new names of large separate units.Zadanie pt. Digitalizacja i udostępnienie w Cyfrowym Repozytorium Uniwersytetu Łódzkiego kolekcji czasopism naukowych wydawanych przez Uniwersytet Łódzki nr 885/P-DUN/2014 zostało dofinansowane ze środków MNiSW w ramach działalności upowszechniającej nauk
S20, E01: Federalist 51 (Aired 9/5/2025)
Full text linkAughie and Nia discuss Federalist Paper 51, which lays out checks and balances in the proposed federal government. James Madison is the author of Federalist 51. Centinel 1, by Samuel Bryan, responds.https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/civil_discourse/1281/thumbnail.jp
How fast has Chinese industry grown?
Full text linkData for recent years indicate an acceleration of Chinese industrial growth, from the annual rates of about 10 percent recorded in the quarter century before economic reform to figures approaching 15 percent in the mid- and late 1980s. Evaluating the statistics underlying these reports requires an appraisal of how economic reform has affected the ability of China's statistical system to measure economic performance. Erroneous information about the rate and pattern of industrial growth could distort measures of productivity change considered to be central indicators of the effectiveness of Chinese industrial reform. The author describes the statistical materials and procedures used to provide information on the growth of industrial output. He investigates sources of bias in the official statistics to indicate, whenever possible, how these biases affected reported output totals, and to appraise the impact of adjustments to reported output growth on measures of industrial productivity. The specific consequences of decentralized decisionmaking, growing price flexibility, inflation, dual pricing systems, the emergence of enterpriseswith few or no ties to the system of state planning, and other emerging features of the industrial system may be unique to China but the broader issues raised are relevant in many countries. The author finds considerable evidence of an upward bias in measures of China's real industrial output in the past decade. The issue is not whether such bias exists but whether its presence substantially alters our perception of the rate and pattern of Chinese industrial growth. To clarify this issue requires investigating the extent of possible upward bias. This in turn calls for an analysis of possible links between upward bias - which is itself difficult to observe - and other economic patterns that may be more readily measurable.Markets and Market Access,Access to Markets,Environmental Economics&Policies,Water and Industry,Economic Theory&Research
PENGEMBANGAN MODUL KORESPONDENSI BERBASISIS THINK TALK WRITE UNTUK MENINGKATKAN HASIL BELAJAR PESERTA DIDIK (Studi Pada Peserta Didik Kelas X Otomatisasi dan Tata Kelola Perkantoran di SMKN 2 Blitar)
No full textABSTRAKFitriana, Nia, 2018. Pengembangan Modul Korespondensi Berbasis Think Talk Write Untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Peserta Didik (Studi Pada Peserta Didik Kelas X Otomatisasi dan Tata Kelola Perkantoran di SMK Negeri 2 Blitar). Skripsi, Jurusan Manajemen, Fakultas Ekonomi, Universitas Negeri Malang. Pembimbing: H. Imam Bukhori, S.Pd., M.M., M.Pd.Kata Kunci : Modul, Korespondensi, TTW (Think Talk Write), Hasil Belajar.Modul korespondensi berbasis Think Talk Write merupakan modul yang menuntut peserta didik untuk berpikir secara aktif. Langkah-langkahnya yaitu Think, Talk, dan Write, dimana pada tahap think peserta didik diajak untuk memahami materi maupun soal yang telah tersaji, kemudian tahap talk peserta didik dibentuk ke dalam kelompok untuk mendiskusikan materi maupun soal yang telah tersaji, sedangkan pada tahap write peserta didik mengerjakan soal dan kemudian mempresentasikan. Tujuan dari penelitian dan pengembangan ini adalah untuk: (1) Menghasilkan Modul Korespondensi Berbasis Think Talk Write Untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar Peserta Kelas X OTKP di SMKN 2 Blitar,(2) Mengetahui kelayakan modul dihasilkan, melalui hasil validasi oleh ahli materi dan ahli modul. (3) Mengetahui peningkatan hasil belajar peserta didik antara kelasn eksperimen yang menggunakan modul dan kelas kontrol yang tidak menggunakan modul korespondensi berbasisi Think Talk Write (TTW) kompetensi dasar menganalisis surat niaga pada kelas X OTKP di SMKN 2 Blitar.Rancangan penelitian ini diadaptasi dari model pengembangan Reseach and Development (R&D) dari Sugiyono yang telah dimodifikasi sesuai dengan kebutuhan penelitian dan kondisi lapangan yaitu : (1) Potensi dan Masalah, (2) Pengumpulan Data, (3) Desain Produk, (4) Validasi Desain, (5) Revisi Desain, (6) Uji Coba Produk, (7) Revisi Produk, (8) Uji Coba Pemakaian, (9) Revisi Produk. Data yang diproleh dalam penelitian ini adalah data kualitatif dan kuantitatif. Data kualitatif tersebut diperoleh dari kritik dan saran yang diberikan oleh ahli materi, ahli modul, dan 6 peserta didik pada kelompok kecil yang telah dituliskan pada angket, sedangkan data kuantitatif tersebut diperoleh dari pemberian penilaian dari ahli materi, ahli modul, 6 peserta didik pada kelompok kecil kelas X OTKP 2, serta hasil belajar peserta didik pada kelas eksperimen kelas X OTKP 2 dan kelas kontrol kelas X OTKP 1.Penyajian dan analisis data dalam penelitian ini berdasarkan hasil validasi dari ahli materi, ahli modul, dan 6 peserta didik yang memiliki kriteria sangat valid atau dapat digunakan dalam pembelajaran. Validasi dalam penelitian ini menghasilkan dua jenis data, yaitu data yang berupa hasil skorvalidasi sebagai data kuantitatif dankritik maupun saran sebagai data kualitatif.Peneliti menggunakan teknik analisis data deskriptif prosentase yaitu teknik yang mengubah data kuantitatif menjadi bentuk prosentase yang selanjutnya dijelaskan dengan kalimat kuantitatif. Hasil validasi yang diperoleh dari ahli modul yaitu sebesar 97%, ahli materi 96%, sedangkan 6 peserta didik 90%. Penelitian dan pengembangan modul ini terbukti dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar peserta didik, hal tersebut terbukti dari analisis data tes yang menunjukan perolehan rata-rata hasil belajar peserta didik ranah kognitif pada kelas eksperimen dan kelas kontrol sebesar 92 dan 82 dengan ketuntasan kelas 100% dan 83%, sedangkan perolehan rata-rata hasil belajar peserta didik pada ranah psikomotorik pada kelas ekperimen dan kelas kontrol sebesar 87 dan 79 dengan ketuntasan 100% dan 75%.Dari perolehan perbedaan rata-rata hasil belajarantara kelas eksperimen yang lebih tinggi dibandingkan kelas kontrol tersebut, maka dapat disimpulkan bahwa modul yang dikembangkan efektif untuk digunakan dalam kegiatan pembelajaran di dalam kelas untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar peserta didik.Saran pemanafaatan bagi guru yaitu agar menggunakan modul korespondensi berbasis think talk write sebagai sumber belajar atau bahan ajar saat kegiatan pembelajaran di dalam kelas sedang berlangsung, dan saran pemanfaatan bagi peserta didik yaitu agar menggunakan modul korespondensi berbasis think talk write dalam belajar khususnya ketika mempelari kompetensi dasar menganalisis surat niaga.ABSTRACTFitriana, Nia, 2018. Developing Correspondence ModuleBased onThink Talk Writeto Enhance Students’ Learning Outcome (Study on the Tenth Grade Students ofAutomationand Office Management at SMK Negeri 2 Blitar). Sarjana’s thesis. Department of Management, Faculty of Economics, Universitas Negeri Malang. Advisor: H. Imam Bukhori, S.Pd., M.M., M.Pd.Keywords: Module, Correspondence, TTW (Think Talk Write), Learning Outcome The so-called Think Talk Write correspondence module is a module that requires students to think actively. The steps are Think, Talk, and Write, where at the think stage students are invited to understand the material and the questions that have been presented, then the talk stage students are formed into groups to discuss the material and the questions that have been presented, while in the write stage participant stage students work on the problem and then present. The objectives of this research and development are to: (1) Produce Think Talk Write-Based Correspondence Modules to enhancethe Learning Outcomes oftenth grade students of Automation Class in SMK 2 Blitar, (2) knowing the feasibility of the module produced, through validation results by material experts and module experts, (3) knowing the increase in student learning outcomes between the experimental classes which used modules and control classes that did not use Think Talk Write (TTW)-based correspondence module on the basic competencies in analyzing commercial letters for the tenth grade students of Automationat SMK 2 Blitar.The design of this study was adapted from the development model of Research and Development (R & D) from Sugiyono which had been modified according to research needs and field conditions that is: (1) Potential and Problems, (2) Data Collection, (3) Product Design, (4) Validation Design, (5) Design Revision, (6) Product Trial, (7) Product Revision, (8) Usage Trial, (9) Product Revision. The data obtained in this study are qualitative and quantitative data. The qualitative data was obtained from criticism and suggestions given by material experts, module experts, and 6 students in small groups that had been written on the questionnaire, while the quantitative data was obtained from the assessment of material experts, module experts, 6 students in the smallgroup X OTKP 2 class, as well as student learning outcomes in the experimental class X OTKP 2 class and the control class X OTKP 1.The presentation and analysis of data in this study based on the results of validation from material experts, module experts, and 6 students have very valid criteria or can be used in learning.Validation in this research produces two types of data, wich are, data in the form of validation score results as quantitative data and criticisms and suggestions as qualitative data. The researcher used percentage descriptive data analysis techniques, wich is the techniques of converting quantitative data into a percentage descriptive analiysis technique form which next explained by quantitative sentences. The results of the validation obtained from module experts are 97%, material experts 96%, while 6 students are 90%. Research and development of this module proved to be able to improve student learning outcomes, it can be seen from the analysis of test data which showed the acquisition of the average learning outcomes of cognitive students in the experimental class and control class of 92 and 82 with 100% and 83% grade completeness, while the average student learning outcomes in the psychomotor domain in the experimental class and the control class were 87 and 79 with 100% and 75% completeness. From the acquisition of differences in the average learning outcomes between the experimental classes that are higher than the control class, it can be concluded that the modules developed are effective for use in learning activities in the classroom to improve student learning outcomes.Suggestions for utilizing teachers are to use think talk write based correspondence modules as learning resources or teaching materials when learning activities in the classroom are taking place, and suggestions for the use of students to use think talk write-based correspondence modules in learning especially when studying basic competencies in analyzing commerce letters
Beyond Adaptation: Decolonizing Approaches to Coping With Oppression
Full text linkHow should one respond to racial oppression? Conventional prescriptions of mainstream social psychological science emphasize the idea of coping with oppression—whether via emotional management strategies that emphasize denial or disengagement; problem-focused strategies that emphasize compensation, self-efficacy, or skills training; or collective strategies that emphasize emotional support—in ways that promote adaptation to, rather than transformation of, oppressive social structures. Following a brief review of the literature on coping with racism and oppression, we present an alternative model rooted in perspectives of liberation psychology (Martín-Baró, 1994). This decolonial approach emphasizes critical consciousness (rather than cultivated ignorance) of racial oppression, a focus on de-ideologization (rather than legitimation) of status quo realities, and illumination of models of identification conducive to collective action. Whereas the standard approach to coping with oppression may ultimately both reinforce and reproduce systems of domination, we propose a decolonial approach to racism perception as a more effective strategy for enduring prosperity and well-being
Dampak Kebijakan Impor dan Faktor Eksternal terhadap Kesejahteraan Produsen dan Konsumen Bawang Merah di Indonesia
No full textShallots are the main priority in the development of commodity vegetable lowland Indonesia. The demand of shallots increase steadily and it can’t filled by nation product. So that, to fulfill the demand of shallots (especially on out of harvest) is needed to import the shallots. Other problem in shallots trade is changing of import policy. Import policy used in research are tariff barrier and non tariff barrier (import quota). Therefore, the researcher investigated how the impact of import policy and the external factor of shallot producers and consumers welfare in Indonesia. The objectives of this research are (1) to identify the factors in which able to influence the production, demand, import, and price of shallots; (2) to analyze the effect of import tariff, import quota, and external factor faced in offering, demand, and price of shallots; and (3) to analyze the effect of import tariff, import quota, and external factors which influence the welfare of producers and consumers of shallot in Indonesia. The estimation of model used time series data 1990 to 2010 by 2SLS method. The application of shallots import tariff can increase the welfare of producers and government revenues, however it gives the impact of decrease consumer welfare. Whereas, the abolition of shallot import tariff can increase the welfare of consumers, but resulted in a decrease producers welfare. Therefore, to anticipate decrease shallot price of world (12 percent) and to increase of shallot producers welfare in Indonesia, the government needs arrange import tariff (more than nine percent) or decrease import quota.Sektor pertanian merupakan sektor strategis dalam pembangunan perekonomian nasional seperti dalam hal penyerapan tenaga kerja dan sumber pendapatan bagi masyarakat Indonesia. Subsektor pertanian tersebut salah satunya adalah hortikultura. Berdasarkan nilai PDB hortikultura Indonesia pada tahun 2010, sayuran menyumbangkan sebesar Rp 31 244 Milyar (Dirjen Hortikultura, 2012). Bawang merah merupakan komoditas utama dalam prioritas pengembangan sayuran dataran rendah Indonesia (Rukmana, 1994). Komoditas ini memiliki nilai ekonomis tinggi dan peluang pasar yang besar sebagai bumbu untuk konsumsi rumahtangga, bahan baku industri pengolahan, serta untuk memenuhi kebutuhan ekspor. Produksi bawang merah di Indonesia mulai tahun 2005 sampai dengan 2010 mengalami peningkatan, namun jumlah produksi tidak berkelanjutan karena bersifat musiman dan mudah rusak. Permintaan bawang merah yang terus meningkat dan berkelanjutan belum mampu dipenuhi oleh produksi Indonesia sehingga untuk memenuhi kebutuhan bawang merah khususnya di luar musim panen perlu dilakukan impor bawang merah. Selain itu, permasalahan dalam perdagangan bawang merah adalah adanya perubahan kebijakan impor bawang merah dari waktu ke waktu diduga menyebabkan semakin melimpahnya pasokan bawang merah impor ke pasar domestik, sehingga harga bawang merah domestik terus berfluktuasi setiap tahunnya. Oleh karena itu, menjadi penting untuk mengkaji bagaimana dampak kebijakan impor dan faktor eksternal terhadap kesejahteraan produsen dan konsumen bawang merah di Indonesia
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