102,316 research outputs found
2-aryl-3-phenylamino-4,5-dihydro-2h-benz[g]indazoles with analgesic activity
No full textA series of 2-aryl-3-phenylamino-4,5-dihydro-2H-benz[g]indazoles was synthesized and tested for antiarrhythmic, local
anaesthetic and analgesic activity. The title compounds showed a good antinociceptive activity
Adrenoreceptors and nitric oxide in the cardiovascular system
No full textNitric Oxide (NO) is a small molecule that continues to attract much attention from the scientific community. Since its discovery, it has been evident that NO has a crucial role in the modulation of vascular tone. Moreover, NO is involved in multiple signal transduction pathways thus contributing to the regulation of many cellular functions. NO effects can be either dependent or independent on cGMP, and rely also upon several mechanisms such as the amount of NO, the compartmentalization of the enzymes responsible for its biosynthesis (NOS), and the local redox conditions. Several evidences highlighted the correlation among adrenoreceptors activity, vascular redox status and NO bioavailability. It was suggested a possible crosstalk between NO and oxidative stress hallmarks in the endothelium function and adaptation, and in sympathetic vasoconstriction control. Adrenergic vasoconstriction is a balance between a direct vasoconstrictive effect on smooth muscle and an indirect vasorelaxant action caused by α2- and β-adrenergic endothelial receptor-triggered NO release. An increased oxidative stress and a reduction of NO bioavailability shifts this equilibrium causing the enhanced vascular adrenergic responsiveness observed in hypertension. The activity of NOS contributes to manage the adrenergic pathway, thus supporting the idea that the endothelium might control or facilitate β-adrenergic effects on the vessels and the polymorphic variants in β2-receptors and NOS isoforms could influence aging, some pathological conditions and individual responses to drugs. This seems to be dependent, almost in part, on differences in the control of vascular tone exerted by NO. Given its involvement in such important mechanisms, the NO pathway is implicated in aging process and in both cardiovascular and non-cardiovascular conditions. Thus, it is essential to pinpoint NO involvement in the regulation of vascular tone for the effective clinical/therapeutic management of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). © 2013 Conti, Russomanno, Corbi, Izzo, Vecchione and Filippelli
Innovation Models in Food Industry: A Review of The Literature: Innovation models in food industry
No full textInnovation is considered as one of the main elements of a company success. In recent years, it has assumed a relevant role also in the food industry that was generally defined as a rather mature and slow-going sector. The aim of this paper is to analyse the innovation models applied to the food industry and to carry out a systematic review of the literature. In particular, we overview the most relevant innovation models and identify the main thematic areas discussed in the period from 2016 to 2020. We also provide recommendations for future research directions
dietrimj/Community-Science-Pb-Prediction: Household_dust_Pb_predictive_model_v1.0.0
No full textAccompanying data and code for:
Dietrich, M., Shukle, J. T., Krekeler, M. P., Wood, L. R., & Filippelli, G. M. (2022). Using community science to better understand lead exposure risks. GeoHealth, 6(2), e2021GH000525. https://doi.org/10.1029/2021GH00052
The opportunistic newsvendor problem: Defining the optimal purchase quantity of resalable items, whose value may appreciate
No full textWith Newsvendor Problem (NvP) we refer to a specific class of inventory management problems, valid for a single item with stochastic demand over a single period. In the standard version, the newsvendor is allowed to issue a single order, before he or she can observe the actual demand. Since the newsvendor can face both overage and underage costs, due to lost sales or residual stock, the objective is to define the optimal order size that maximizes the expected profit. In this paper, we consider a specific version of the NvP, in which the buyer has the opportunity to make a last and single order for opportunistic reasons. Specifically, we consider discontinued, collectible items, for which demand will not vanish and whose value might appreciate. Hence, the objective is to define the optimal quantity that should be purchased, just before the item is retired from the market or sold-out, and that should be sold as soon as the price rises over a predefined target level. An optimal solution, maximizing the expected profit, is obtained both in case of negligible and non-negligible stockholding costs. In the latter case, to obtain the optimal solution in implicit form, some simplifying assumptions are needed. Hence, a thorough numerical analysis is finally performed, as a way to empirically demonstrate both the robustness and the accuracy of the model, in several scenarios differentiated in terms of costs and customers’ demand
Targeting oxidative stress for improving cardiovascular performance in the elderly
No full textOxidative stress is implicated in the pathophysiology of several cardiovascular diseases, as evidenced by correlation between oxidative stress markers and Heart Failure (HF) and by direct molecular evidence for an etiological role of reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS play an important role in signalling processes, but their overproduction generates oxidative stress. Previous studies demonstrated that HF was associated with antioxidant deficit as well as increased oxidative stress. Furthermore, these changes correlated with the hemodynamic function, suggesting their role in the pathogenesis of cardiac dysfunction. An important mechanism involved in cellular cardiovascular response is represented by sirtuins. SIRT1 inhibition determines suppression of genes ac tivated by exposure to heat shock, on the contrary, SIRT1 activation enhances the heat shock response. Then the ability of SIRT1 to modulate stress resistance is multifaceted and not only linked to oxidative stress, but also to other stressful stimuli. Recently several studies have demonstrated the capability of physical activity to induce SIRT1 activity and, in turn, the ability of this enzyme to mediate the favourable antioxidant effects of the exercise training. Other agents able to induce SIRT1 activity have demonstrated some effects on cardiac function. Resveratrol supplementation has been shown to decrease cardiovascular risk factors, and the positive effect of resveratrol on training response and aerobic capacity in rats to be mediated via SIRT1. The future research should be addressed to better clarify the possible role of the antioxidants therapy in clinical studies, in particular defining a standardization of procedures, doses and duration of treatment
N-Phenyl 1,3,3-Trimethyl-2-oxabicyclo[2.2.2]octan-6-cis-Amine Derivatives with hypotensive activity
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