1,721,051 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
The Role of Pharmacovigilance and Drug Utilisation studies in the Track of Antimicrobial Resistance By
Get PDFLa resistència als antimicrobians (RAM) s’ha convertit en una preocupació real per a la salut pública, tot un repte per a les opcions de prevenció i tractament existents que requereix solucions innovadores multidisciplinàries. Els sistemes de salut dels països desenvolupats poden confiar en els serveis de laboratoris ben equipats que poden dur a terme cultius microbians i proves de susceptibilitat al fàrmacs. Tanmateix, molts països d’ingressos baixos i mitjans (LMIC) amb recursos limitats per a posar en marxa laboratoris, requereixen inversions a llarg termini en el seu sistema sanitari que permetin portar a terme activitats de control de la RAM. Aquesta tesi té com a objectiu descriure la contribució potencial de la xarxa mundial de centres i bases de dades de farmacovigilància en el procés de mapatge i estimació de la RAM tot explorant l’ús potencial de mesures indirectes en entorns amb pocs o cap laboratori en el marc de l’anomenada antimicrobial stewardship (AMS). En un ampli estudi basat en dades de seguretat obtingudes de la base de dades de farmacovigilància mundial (VigiBase), d’una llarga llista de més de 23.000 codis MedDRA per a termes preferents, hem identificat una llista curta de 17 codis rellevants per a la gestió antimicrobiana. Els 17 codis haurien de ser la base d’una discussió innovadora sobre com integrar la recopilació de dades basada en MedDRA en les estratègies de vigilància de la resistència als antimicrobians. En un estudi pilot realitzat en un país amb un sistema de farmacovigilància madur (els Països Baixos), vam analitzar els informes de reaccions adverses a medicaments (ADR) de la base de dades de farmacovigilància. En aquesta tesi es presenten els resultats que confirmen l’ús dels codis MedDRA rellevants a l’AMR en una base de dades nacional. L’AMS és un programa complex que inclou un conjunt heterogeni de mesures i activitats destinades a reduir l’ús inadequat d’antimicrobians. En aquesta tesi, proposem una nova eina d’AMS que, alhora, dona una altra dimensió a les funcions de farmacovigilància existents. En concret, descrivim un conjunt de codis MedDRA rellevants per a la vigilància de la RAM, ja que contenen un missatge de presumpta resistència, presumpta ineficàcia, ús fora d’indicació i errors de medicació. Els 17 codis inclouen informació de seguretat, però també de problemes relacionats amb l’ús antibiòtics; proposem que s’utilitzi aquesta informació com a part de les activitats d’AMS. La xarxa mundial de farmacovigilància cobreix més de 170 països que utilitzen codis únics del diccionari MedDRA per recopilar i classificar notificacions d’ADR. Les tecnologies de mineria de dades es poden utilitzar per obtenir informació important sobre sospites de resistència als antimicrobians i casos sospitosos d’ús inadequat. Això també podria conduir a una aproximació simbiòtica que contribueixi a l’enfortiment dels sistemes de farmacovigilància i, al mateix temps, abordar el problema de l’escassetat de dades de RAM, especialment en entorns de recursos limitats.La resistencia a los antimicrobianos (AMR) se ha convertido en un verdadero problema de salud pública, desafiando todas las opciones de prevención y tratamiento existentes ; por tanto, requiere soluciones innovadoras multidisciplinarias. Los sistemas de salud de los países desarrollados pueden contar con laboratorios bien establecidos que pueden realizar cultivos microbianos y pruebas de sensibilidad a los antibióticos. Sin embargo, en muchos países de ingresos medianos y bajos (LMIC) con pocos recursos para laboratorios, se requieren inversiones a largo plazo en sistemas de salud que permitan actividades de monitoreo de AMR en laboratorios. Esta tesis tiene como objetivo describir la contribución potencial de la red global de centros de farmacovigilancia y sus bases de datos en el proceso de mapeo y estimación del impacto de la AMR. en entornos con menor cobertura de laboratorios, en el marco de la llamada antimicrobial stewardship (AMS). En un amplio estudio sobre los datos de seguridad obtenidos a partir de la base de datos de farmacovigilancia global (VigiBase), de una larga lista de más de 23.000 códigos MedDRA para términos preferentes, hemos aislado una breve lista de 17 códigos relevantes en relación con el uso de antimicrobianos. Los 17 códigos deberían ser la base de un debate adicional sobre cómo integrar la recopilación de datos basada en MedDRA en las estrategias de AMS. En un estudio piloto llevado a cabo en un país con un sistema de farmacovigilancia maduro, analizamos las notificacions de reacciones adversas a medicamentos (RAM) de la base de datos de los Países Bajos. En esta tesis se presentan los resultados que confirman el uso de los códigos MedDRA relevantes para AMR en una base de datos nacional. La AMS es un programa complejo que incluye un conjunto heterogéneo de medidas y actividades destinadas a reducir el uso inadecuado de antimicrobianos. En esta tesis, proponemos una nueva herramienta para la AMS que, al mismo tiempo, proporciona otra dimensión a las funciones existentes de Farmacovigilancia. Específicamente, describimos un conjunto de códigos MedDRA relevantes para la vigilancia de la AMR, ya que transmiten una idea sobre sospecha de resistencia, sospecha de ineficacia, uso no autorizado y error de medicación. Los 17 códigos también son indicadores de seguridad, y proponemos leer su mensaje a través de la perspectiva de la AMS. La red global de farmacovigilancia incluye más de 170 países que utilizan códigos únicos del diccionario MedDRA para recopilar y recopilar informes de RAM. Las tecnologías de minería de datos se pueden utilizar para obtener información importante ante la sospecha de resistencia a los antimicrobianos así como sospechas de uso inadecuado. Esto podría conducir a un enfoque simbiótico que contribuya al fortalecimiento de los sistemas de farmacovigilancia al tiempo que se aborda el problema de la escasez de datos de AMR, especialmente en entornos con recursos limitados.Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has become a real public health concern, challenging all existing prevention and treatment options, and requiring multidisciplinary innovative solutions. Health systems in developed countries can rely on the well-established laboratory services that can carry out microbial cultures and drug-susceptibility tests. However, for many low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) with limited laboratory resources, it still requires long-term investments into health have systems that provide laboratory-based AMR monitoring activities. Exploring the potential use of other indirect measures that can provide estimates of the growing AMR burden in settings with weak laboratory capacity, this thesis aims at describing the potential contribution of the global network of Pharmacovigilance centers and databases in the process of mapping and estimating the AMR burden in settings with less laboratory coverage and capacity, within the framework of AMS. In a large study based on safety data retrieved from the global pharmacovigilance database (VigiBase), from a long list of more than 23,000 MedDRA codes for Preferred Terms, we have isolated a short list of 17 codes that are relevant to antimicrobial stewardship. The 17 codes should be the basis of a further discussion on how to integrate MedDRA-based data collection into antimicrobial resistance surveillance strategies. In a pilot study carried out in a country with a mature pharmacovigilance system, we analysed adverse drug reaction (ADR) reports from The Netherlands Pharmacovigilance database. Results confirming use of the AMR-relevant MedDRA codes in a national database are presented in this thesis. Antimicrobial stewardship is complex program which includes a heterogenous set of measures and activities aiming to reduce inappropriate use of antimicrobials. In this thesis, we propose a new antimicrobial stewardship tool which as the same time gives another dimension to existing functions of Pharmacovigilance. Specifically, we describe a set of MedDRA codes relevant to AMR surveillance as they carry a message of suspected resistance, suspected ineffectiveness, off label use and medication error. The 17 codes are messengers with safety information, and we propose to read their message through an antimicrobial stewardship lens. The global Pharmacovigilance network covers more than 170 countries using unique codes from the MedDRA dictionary to collect and collate ADR reports. Data mining technologies can be used to pull out important information on suspicion of antimicrobial resistance and suspected cases of inappropriate use of antimicrobials. This could also lead to a potentially symbiotic approach which contributes to the strengthening of PV systems while addressing the issue of AMR data scarcity, especially in resource-limited settings.Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Programa de Doctorat en Farmacologi
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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