1,721,738 research outputs found
Molecules to wear: use of functionalized textiles for drug delivery
No full textTextiles lie at the interface between human body and the environment and cover the majority of body surface for most of the day. Skin surface can be as large as 2 m2 and it is a potential route for drug delivery. This simple observation suggests that textiles can be used as comfortable systems for delivering active principles/drugs either towards the body or the surrounding environment.
On the one hand, fibres are perfect for being used as substrate for drug delivery thanks to great surface-to volume ratio but, on the other hand, the role of the textile substrate on drug release has been so far neglected: for instance, even though the type of weaving or knitting pattern alters surface topography and number of fabric-to-skin contact points, few works have been dedicated to understanding how fabric structure determines drug loading and, most importantly, drug release.
Based on the experience carried out in Politecnico di Torino laboratories, the talk will focus on the processes for fabric functionalization with active principles, the mechanisms of controlled release from textiles and fibres (based on desorption from the fibre surface, diffusion from the fibres pores or degradation of the matrix) and the different release kinetics models.
The talk will report about challenges and opportunities for textile materials to become active systems for improving health and protection by conferring textiles new functionalities through surface modification
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Production of reactive oxygen-derived species by redox reactions between Fe(II)Cytochrome c and oxygen. A kinetic study
No full textIn aerated water solutions Fe(II)Cytochrome c is slowly oxidized to Fe(III)Cytochrome c by molecular oxygen, from which superoxide anion radicals are produced (kobs = 2.7x10-4 min-1 at 37°C and pH =7.3). The biological importance of this reaction has been evidenced by kinetic investigations in the presence of scavengers. In the presence of superoxide dismutase the oxidation rate is strongly enhanced (kobs = 3x10-3 min –1 at 37°C). Catalase and mannitol reduce the rate constant values by 50% and 25% respectively either in the presence or in absence ofSupeoxide dismutase: differences between rate constants corrispond to the differences in stoichiometric redox ratios indicating that hydrogen peroxide and hydroxyl radicals are formed subsequently to the production of superoxide anion radicals
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Facial animation in patients with Moebius and Moebius-like syndromes.
No full textMoebius syndrome, a rare congenital disorder of varying severity, involves multiple cranial nerves and is characterised predominantly by bilateral or unilateral paralysis of the facial and abducens nerves. Facial paralysis causes inability to smile and bilabial incompetence with speech difficulties, oral incompetence, problems with eating and drinking, including pocketing of food in the cheek and dribbling, as well as severe drooling. Other relevant clinical findings are incomplete eye closure and convergent strabismus. The authors report on 48 patients with Moebius and Moebius-like syndromes seen from 2003 to September 2007 (23 males and 25 females, mean age 13.9 years). In 20 cases a reinnervated gracilis transplant was performed to re-animate the impaired sides of the face. In this series, all free-muscle transplantations survived the transfer, and no flap was lost. In 19 patients complete reinnervation of the muscle was observed with an excellent or good facial symmetry at rest in all patients and whilst smiling in 87% of cases. In conclusion, according to the literature, the gracilis muscle free transfer can be considered a safe and reliable technique for facial reanimation with good aesthetic and functional results
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