4,694 research outputs found
FIGURE 35 in Resurgence of a forgotten Southern Brazil endemic species: taxonomic position, redescription, and spatio-temporal distribution of Porosagrotis carolia Schaus, 1929 (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae: Noctuinae)
No full textFIGURE 35. Number of known specimens of Feltia carolia (Schaus, 1929) comb. nov. (n=53) by month of collection, from 1922 to 2014; light gray: records from the literature and specimens in entomological collections; dark gray: specimens collected in light traps from 1998 to 1999 (see text for details).Published as part of Dias, Fernando M. S., Specht, Alexandre, Blas, German San, Casagrande, Mirna M. & Mielke, Olaf H. H., 2017, Resurgence of a forgotten Southern Brazil endemic species: taxonomic position, redescription, and spatio-temporal distribution of Porosagrotis carolia Schaus, 1929 (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae: Noctuinae), pp. 421-433 in Zootaxa 4363 (3) on page 431, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4363.3.7, http://zenodo.org/record/110818
FIGURES 15–18. Labial palpus. 15–16 in An overview of "arginussa" species group of Memphis Hübner, [1819], with the description of a new species from Panama (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Charaxinae)
No full textFIGURES 15–18. Labial palpus. 15–16. Memphis smalli Riley & Dias sp.nov. paratype (DZ52.835), lateral and medial views. 17–18. Memphis herbacea (Butler & Druce, 1872) (USNM009), lateral and medial views. Scale bar = 1mm.Published as part of Dias, Fernando M. S., Riley, Thomas J., Casagrande, Mirna M. & Mielke, Olaf H. H., 2021, An overview of "arginussa" species group of Memphis Hübner, [1819], with the description of a new species from Panama (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Charaxinae), pp. 249-270 in Zootaxa 5061 (2) on page 258, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5061.2.2, http://zenodo.org/record/570577
Fernando Henrique Cardoso e o pensamento político brasileiro
No full textTese (doutorado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Filosofia e Ciências Humanas, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Sociologia Política, Florianópolis, 2015.A construção do legado de Fernando Henrique Cardoso tem transcorrido a partir do signo de rupturas e dicotomias estruturantes, características que se articulam em torno da ideia da transição da atividade intelectual para a atividade política, num processo que reforça traços marcantes da imaginação política brasileira. Partindo da crítica dessa visão, este trabalho investiga o que o processo de formação do legado do autor como levado a cabo até aqui tem a dizer sobre os modos pelos quais se produz e se reinventa o ?pensamento político brasileiro?, ou, em outras palavras, o que sua trajetória intelectual individual representa em relação à trajetória coletiva de pensamento designada por esta expressão. Duas teses interpretativas principais são desenvolvidas ao longo deste trabalho: a primeira, de que o fio de continuidade e de unidade entre os diversos momentos da trajetória intelectual de Cardoso, negado pelas abordagens que até o presente vão dando conta da sistematização de seu legado, pode ser reconstruído e recuperado se a ênfase da análise recair na especificidade política de seus escritos, reconstrução e recuperação que, obviamente, não se furtam a considerar possíveis inconsistências, incoerências e mudanças nas crenças ao longo de sua trajetória; e a segunda, de que tal pensamento político, sem desconsiderar outras fontes genericamente rotuladas como ?universais?, estrutura-se a partir de um diálogo seletivo, sistemático e contínuo com algumas das principais matrizes de interpretação do político no país, diálogo este que, de um lado, torna possível evidenciar a existência de uma cosmovisão a atuar como ?fio condutor? para o conjunto de seu pensamento (conferindo a ele um sentido de coerência) e, de outro, entender o impacto ressignificador desse pensamento sobre tais matrizes. O trabalho está organizado em três partes: na primeira, produz-se uma reflexão teórico-metodológica do campo do pensamento político brasileiro; na segunda, discute-se a especificidade da reflexão política do autor a partir de dois momentos distintos (o do estabelecimento e o da consolidação das suas crenças políticas); e na terceira, num exercício de tentar aproximar as duas primeiras, discute-se a especificidade da inscrição do pensamento político do autor no campo do pensamento político brasileiro a partir de duas variáveis: as filiações e as recepções.Abstract : The construction of Fernando Henrique Cardoso?s legacy has been developed based on the mark of structuring ruptures and dichotomies, characteristics that are both articulated around the idea of the transition from the intellectual to the political activity, in a process that reinforces strong features of the Brazilian political imagination. Anchored in a criticism of this view, this study investigates what the process of formation of the author?s legacy developed until the present moment reveal about the forms through which the ?Brazilian political thought? is produced and reinvented, or, in other words, what his personal intellectual trajectory represents in relation to the collective thought trajectory designated by this expression. Two main interpretative theses are tested throughout this work: the first one is that the continuity and the unity between the several moments of Cardoso?s intellectual trajectory (denied by the approaches that, until the present moment, have been systematizing his legacy) can be reconstructed and recuperated if the emphasis of the analysis lies in the political specificity of his writings - assuming that both the reconstructing and the recuperation, obviously, do not fail to consider possible inconsistencies, incoherences and changes in the beliefs of the author throughout his trajectory; and second , that such political thought , without disregarding other sources generally labeled as ?universal? , is structured from a selective, systematic and continuous dialogue with some of the main forms of interpretation of the policy in the country, this dialogue , on the one hand , makes it possible to show the existence of a worldview to act as ?common thread? for all of his thought (giving him a sense of coherence), and on the other, to understand the impact of this ressignificador thinking about such matrices. The work is organized in three parts: in the first, the field of the Brazilian political thought is theoretical and methodologically questioned; in the second part, the specificity of the author?s political reflection is discussed based on two different moments (the establishment and the consolidation of his political beliefs); and, in the third part, in an attempt of approximating the two previous parts, the specificity of the insertion of the author?s political thought in the Brazilian political thought field is discussed, which is based on two variables: the filiations and the receptions
FIGURE 10 in An overview of "arginussa" species group of Memphis Hübner, [1819], with the description of a new species from Panama (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Charaxinae)
No full textFIGURE 10. Panama, Ngäbe-Buglé, Jirondai, Büri, Bosque Protector de Palo Seco, Fortuna Cabins, east view from the continental divide. The small collection of buildings pointed by the arrow is the type locality (photo credits: TJR).Published as part of Dias, Fernando M. S., Riley, Thomas J., Casagrande, Mirna M. & Mielke, Olaf H. H., 2021, An overview of "arginussa" species group of Memphis Hübner, [1819], with the description of a new species from Panama (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Charaxinae), pp. 249-270 in Zootaxa 5061 (2) on page 257, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5061.2.2, http://zenodo.org/record/570577
A pathway towards the inverse design of all-composite honeycomb core sandwich panels
No full textAll-composite honeycomb cellular core sandwich panels are gaining wide popularity in lightweight structure applications due to their high specific stiffness and strength and multi-functional benefits. The honeycomb cellular core sandwich panels consist of a honeycomb core sandwiched between two face sheets. The performance of such sandwich panel is related to multiple geometric and material parameters of the core and face sheets. Due to a large number of parameters and their complex interactions affecting the performance of the honeycomb cellular core sandwich panels, the optimal design of sandwich panels is difficult and demands a systematic approach by the designer.
This thesis focuses on developing the necessary design tools required for the accurate and efficient inverse design of all-composite honeycomb core sandwich panels considering the key geometric and material parameters of the core and face sheets. First, a strain energy-based homogenisation model is developed to calculate the in-plane and out-of-plane effective stiffnesses of the laminated composite honeycomb core. Unlike the other existing models, the proposed model is applicable for all types of honeycomb cellular core geometries and both single lamella or laminated walls of different materials. Therefore, the proposed model contributes towards significantly enhancing the state of knowledge on the design of honeycomb cellular core sandwich panels. The proposed homogenisation model was validated using the finite element (FE) analysis results of different honeycomb core geometry and material combinations. The results from the proposed model and FE analysis showed a good agreement for all the different honeycomb core configurations considered in the study.
Next, the sandwich panels with honeycomb cores were analysed for the global responses using the equivalent models based on the first-order shear deformation theory (FSDT). The honeycomb cores in the sandwich panels were represented as a homogeneous continuum with the effective stiffness matrix obtained from the proposed homogenisation model. The sandwich panels were analysed for the deflections and in-plane normal stresses of the face sheets under static bending and the global critical buckling load under uniaxial compression using the equivalent models. The predictions were compared against results from the FE models of the sandwich panels with the actual core structure. A good agreement was found between the predictions from the proposed models and the FE results.
Since the proposed equivalent model for the sandwich panels cannot capture the possible local failures which are essential part of the sandwich panel design, new simplified semi-analytical models were developed to explicitly consider the local failures. A semi-analytical approach was developed for predicting the critical shear buckling load of the laminated composite honeycomb cores of different shapes. In the proposed model, two different boundary conditions were considered for the edges of the core walls. While using simply-supported boundaries for all the edges of the core wall gave conservative predictions of the critical shear buckling load, boundary conditions of rotationally restrained longer edges of the wall gave very close predictions of the critical shear buckling strain to the results from the FE analysis. The effect of different fibre lay-ups and shear loading conditions on the shear buckling strength were investigated for honeycomb cores with different shapes. A semi-analytical model was also proposed to predict the intracellular buckling of laminated composite face sheets with non-rectangular cells. The proposed approach was formulated to be as general as possible to take into account different geometric shapes of the cell, rotational restraints at the boundaries of the cell, and different loading conditions which had not been considered in the existing analytical solutions. Using the proposed approach, first, intracellular buckling of laminated composite face sheets with hexagonal cell was studied under various compressive loadings. While the proposed approach with simply-supported boundaries for the cell gave conservative results, predictions with rotationally restrained boundaries for cell gave very close predictions to the FE results considering various conditions such as different cell sizes, core density, face sheet’s fibre lay-up and loadings. The effect of all these different parameters on the intracellular cellular buckling load of the laminated composite face sheets were also studied
Memphis smalli Riley & Dias 2021, sp. nov.
No full textDescription of Memphis smalli Riley & Dias sp. nov. urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act: C3A7F294-FE41-4C3D-A397-9328C6A94B39 (Figs 1–4, 9, 11–16, 19–36, 44–46, 50) Type material: Holotype male with the following labels: / HOLOTYPUS / HOLOTYPE Memphis smalli Riley & Dias det. 2021 / Panama: Bocas del Toro Palo Seco Protect [ed]. Forest Vic [inity of]. Fortuna Cabins. 800 M[eters] 8.78132 oN, 82.19094 oW May 1–6, 2019. T [homas]J[.] Riley [leg.] /TJR-Anaeini-db #0,000,283/ (USNM) Allotype female with the following labels: / ALLOTYPUS / ALLOTYPE Memphis smalli Riley & Dias det. 2021// Panama: Bocas del Toro Palo Seco Protect [ed]. Forest Vic [inity of]. Fortuna Cabins. 800 M[eters] 8.781325 oN, 82.19094 oW May 16–20, 2018. T [homas]J[.] Riley [leg.] /TJR-Anaeini-db #0,000,274/ (USNM). Paratypes (4♂ & 7♀): PANAMA: Ngäbe-Buglé, Jirondai, Büri (Bosque Protector de Palo Seco), 1♂, 1–6.VIII.2019 & 1♀, 1–6.V.2019, DZ 52.835 (barcoded, dissected), DZ 52.834 (dissected), Riley leg. (DZUP); 1♂ & 1♀, 1–6.VIII.2019, MZUEL (E) 00.001 (barcoded), MZUEL(E) 00.002, Riley leg. (MZUEL); 1♂, 1–6.VIII.2019, TJR-Anaeini-db #0,000,011, 1♂, 1–6.V.2019, TJR-Anaeini-db #0,000,282, 1♀, 16–20.V.2018, TJR-Anaeini-db #0,000,273, 1♀ 5.IX.2021, Riley leg. (TJR), 3♀, 9.VII.2018, 24.X.2020, 8.VII.2021, MacDonald leg. (MEM). Etymology. The species name honors Gordon B. Small, Jr. (1934-1989), in recognition of his significant contributions to the knowledge of Panamanian butterflies. It is also chosen for his influence on the life and career of many lepidopterists, including TJR who was mentored by Gordon while living in Panama in the 1960s. The name is formed as a noun in the genitive case. Diagnosis. Memphis smalli sp. nov. can be distinguished from most species of Memphis by the presence of the projection in M 3 of the hind wing in both sexes and by the presence of a shallow tornal emargination in the forewing, and distiguished from most species of the “ verticordia ”, “ arginussa ” and “ appias ” species groups, such as M. herbacea, M. pithyusa, M. arginussa, M. neidhoeferi, M. appias (Hübner, [1825]), and M. xenocles (Westwood 1850), by the coloration of the wings, specially by the presence of an iridescent blue sheen and scattered light blue scales in marginal and submarginal areas of the forewing upper side, submarginal light blue spots from R 5 to the tornus in the forewing upper side, and marginal spots from the apex to the tornus in the hind wing upper side (see Warren et al. 2016). Memphis smalli sp. nov. can be further distinguished from M. neidhoeferi by the less scalloped outer margins and by the comparatively reduced amount of speckles in the undersides of the wing. Although M. smalli sp. nov. is more closely related to M. herbacea (and both these species to M. pithyusa) by molecules and morphology (Figs 5–9, 17–18, 37–43, 47–50), the new species can only be confused with M. perenna, the enigmatic M. xenippa (Hall, 1935) (Hall 1935), and the recently described M. paulus (Costa et al. 2014), but M. smalli sp. nov. can be distinguished from these three species by the presence of a well-developed light blue spot in M 2 –M 3 on the forewing upper side, and the presence of marginal light blue spots forming a continuous band and reaching the tornus (i.e. present in spaces M 3 –CuA 1, CuA 1 –CuA 2 and CuA 2 –2A) in the hind wing upper side. The genitalia of both sexes are characteristic, but most similar to M. herbacea (Figs 26–36, 44–46). Description. Males (Figs 1–2) forewing average length 30.2 mm (29.5–30.5mm) (n=6). Females (Figs 3–4) forewing average length 35.5 mm (34.8–36.5mm) (n=7). Wing shape (Figs 1–4, 19–20): Forewing triangular; costal margin evenly curved; apex pointed; outer margin sinuous, shallower at CuA 1 –CuA 2; tornus rounded; inner margin straight, slightly emarginated before tornus; hindwing humeral area rounded and well-developed; costal margin evenly curved; apex rounded; outer margin slightly curved and slightly crenulated, with a long and blunt projection at vein M 3; tornus right-angled; inner margin slightly curved. Female as in male, but both wings larger; forewing outer margin sinuous but more rounded, shallower at M 1 –M 2; inner margin tornal emargination more developed; hindwing costal margin slightly sinuous; outer margin more rounded and crenulated; tornus obtuse-angled. Wing color, upper side (Figs 1, 3, 19): Ground color of both wings dark brown; wing bases with a variable iridescent greenish blue sheen; veins covered with dark brown scales; forewing with an iridescent greenish blue sheen and scattered light blue scales in marginal and submarginal areas; light blue spots forming submarginal continuous band in spaces R 5 –M 1, M 1 –M 2, M 2 –M 3, the former distinctly larger than the latter two, spot in space M 2 –M 3, smaller and occupying only anterior half of the space; smaller isolated light blue spots in spaces M 3 –CuA 1, CuA 1 –CuA 2, CuA 2 –2A and between 2A and the tornus, two spots in CuA 2 –2A; fringes white; hindwing with a post-median yellowish spot at space Sc+R 1 –Rs; light blue spots forming a marginal continuous band from the apex to the tornus along the outer margin, spots in spaces M 3 –CuA 1, CuA 1 –CuA 2 and CuA 2 –2A not reaching the outer margin; white ocelli in spaces M 2 –M 3, M 3 –CuA 1, CuA 1 –CuA 2 and CuA 2 –2A, the largest in space M 3 –CuA 1; light blue scaling on the base of the M 3 projection; long brown scales in the discal cell and spaces along the inner margin; anal fold developed, with brown scales; fringes white. Female as in male, but forewing with more developed spots and abundant light blue scales scattered in the marginal and submarginal areas; and hindwing post-median yellowish spot at space Sc+R 1 –Rs larger. Wing color, underside (Figs 2, 4, 20): Ground color of both wings with ripple patterns formed by different shades of reddish brown and white scales; forewing with basal and discal area coalesced, mostly light reddish brown with a profusion white scales near the discal band (band d, Nijhout 1991) and the costal margin; median area mostly dark reddish brown with a profusion of white scales near the costal margin; post-median area mostly light reddish brown with a profusion of white scales near the median band (f) and the costal margin, and a distinct semicircular patch bordered by white scales near the inner margin tornal emagination; post-median band (g) proximally displaced near the costal margin; submarginal and marginal areas coalesced, mostly dark reddish brown with a profusion of white scales in the apex and along the outer margin in the submarginal area; minute white ocelli in the submarginal area; fringes white; hindwing with basal and discal area coalesced, mostly light reddish brown with scattered white scales; median area mostly dark reddish brown, from the costal margin to 2A; post-median area mostly light reddish brown, continuous in color with the anal fold area, with two white spots in space Sc+R 1 –Rs near the median band (f); post-median band (g) proximally displaced near the costal margin; submarginal area mostly dark reddish brown with a distinct proximal umbra and a profusion of white scales along the outer margin; black and white ocelli in the submarginal area, more developed in space M 3 –CuA 1, two ocelli in CuA 2 –2A; marginal area dark reddish brown; fringes white. Female color duller, but pattern more discernible than in male. ......continued on the next page ......continued on the next page ......continued on the next page ......continued on the next page Head (Figs 11–16, 21): Eyes naked; labial palpi mostly light reddish brown speckled with white scales, with a ventral band formed by dark reddish brown scales; antennal length about half of the forewing length, antennomeres dark brown with speckled ventral white scales; club slender and elongated, tip reddish. Female as in male, but duller in color. Thorax (Figs 1–4, 22–25): Dark brown with iridescent greenish and bluish scaling; ventral color and legs dark reddish brown, with speckled white scales. Female as in male, but duller in color. Abdomen (Figs 1–4): Dorsal surface mostly dark brown, with some iridescent greenish and bluish scaling near the thorax; ventral surface mostly white. Female as in male, but duller in color. Male genitalia (Figs 26–36): Tegumen trapezoidal in lateral view, with a lateral lips, fused dorsally to the anterior part of the uncus and laterally to the gnathos, appendix angularis large and rectangular; saccus with anterior and posterior projections, the former twice the size of the latter, dorsal projection slightly curved and attached to the tegumen ventrally; uncus straight, with lateral ridges pointing to a medial tip; gnathos trapezoidal and converging ventrally, fused medially and with projected lobes, posteriorly rounded in ventral view; valva ventrally curved, sacullus smooth, harpe rough, with a posterior pronged projection; ampulla projected and continuous with the costa; costa “C”-shaped, attached to the appendix angularis; aedeagus cylindrical, ductus ejaculatorius aperture large and dorsal; manica attached to the distal third of the aedeagus; aedeagus aperture to the left side, with a slender sclerotized lip; fultura inferior (i.e. juxta of authors) subrectangular, posterior edge bifid. Female genitalia (Figs 44–46): Tergum VIII triangular, attached ventrally to the sides of the lamella postvaginalis, and dorsally to the lamella antevaginalis by a slender loop; lamellae postvaginalis as a transversal folded sclerotization attached to the lamellae antevaginalis by slender sclerotized bands; lamellae antevaginalis slender and assymetrical, left side larger than the right, sinuous and ventrally forming a large semi-cylindrical sclerotization directed to the right side, right side slender and sinuous; ductus bursae inserted at the end of the lamellae antevaginalis ventral sclerotizations; seminal duct inserted close to the base of the ductus bursae; corpus bursae oval, about the length of the ductus bursae, bearing two short, parallel signa immediately dorsal to the ductus bursae insertion, formed by sclerotized bumps; anal papillae oval and bristled, anteriorly projecting a slender posterior apophysis. Distribution (Figs 10, 50). Memphis smalli sp. nov. is known from only one location on the Atlantic slope of Panama, along the paved Gualaca– Chiriqui Grande highway. The vicinity of the type location was surveyed, in both sides of the continental divide and at different elevations, but so far no specimens of M. smalli sp. nov. were collected. The type location (Fig. 10) could be characterized as a mid-elevation (i.e. about 800m) Atlantic rainforest habitat similar to other areas in Panama and Costa Rica, such as the Braulio Carrillo National Park in Costa Rica. This habitat does not appear to be isolated or cut off in other ways from similar habitats on the Atlantic slopes of Panama and Costa Rica. Although mountains may restrict local species movement between valleys or areas of suitable micro-habitat, forests at that altitude extend from the collection site westward and eastward, unbroken all along the Atlantic side of the continental divide in the western half of Panama. Taxonomic comments. Memphis smalli sp. nov. is described based on thirteen specimens, five males and eight females, collected in the same location in four consecutive years. Three other species of the “ arginussa ” species group are known to occur in the same location: M. neidhoeferi, M. eubaena stat. rest., and M. pithyusa, along with M. artacaena, and M. glauce centralis (Röber, 1916) of the related “ verticordia ” and “ glauce ” species groups, respectively. Nevertheless, M. smalli sp. nov. is easily recognizable from most other central American species of Memphis. It is very distinct in its upper side color and pattern in both the males and females, and the underside color of the females is distinct from most similar females of Memphis. The new taxon not being previously collected may be due to the area having been remote and not easily accessible until recently, and has only been collected using bait traps, similar to M. paulus, described from specimens collected at the Venezuelan “tepuis” (Costa et al. 2014). As with other species of leafwings, there is a lot of intraspecific variation in wing color in M. smalli sp. nov., verified even in the small number of know specimens. Males of M. smalli sp. nov. are very distinct when flying and seen from above. TJR observed several males fly upward from bait placed on the ground and the light blue hind wing marginal band stands out and makes it immediately recognizable and distinguishable from any of the other Memphis species. Nevertheless, M. smalli sp. nov. seems to be very closely related to M. herbacea, at least at molecular level. The intrerspecific AED between these two species is 0.5%, well below the 2% AED suggested as an appropriate threshold for species delimitation in Lepidoptera (Hebert et al. 2003b). However, there are striking differences between M. smalli sp. nov. and M. herbacea wings in wing shape, color, pattern, and genitalia of both sexes, that should be considered in combination with the molecular data. Most specimens of M. herbacea were collected in lowlands in Mexico (Campeche, Chiapas, Oaxaca, Tamaulipas, and Veracruz states), Belize (Cayo district), Guatemala (Petén department), Honduras (San Pedro Sula, Cortés department), Costa Rica (Alajuela and Cartago provinces) and Panama (Bayano, Panama province). DeVries (1987) cites that “[M.] herbacea occurs from 500–1000 meters on Pacific slope wet-forest habitats and one location [Juan Viñas, Cartago province] on the Atlantic slope”. Although M. herbacea is rather common in the Atlantic slopes of Mexico, Belize, Guatemala and Honduras, the few records available from Costa Rica and Panama are mostly from the Pacific slopes. Therefore, the ranges of M. herbacea and M. smalli sp. nov. probably overlap, at least macro-sympatricaly. It is possible that the contact between the species is prevented because they occupy different ecological niches; for example, while M. herbacea occurs mostly in lower elevations, M. smalli sp. nov. seems to occur exclusively in elevations above 800m. Additionally, if M. smalli sp. nov. should be conspecific with M. herbacea, one would expect to observe a gradual shift in color in the Costa Rican or Panamanian specimens, which were collected not very far from the type location of M. smalli sp. nov. The fact that the color pattern of M. smalli sp. nov. is strikingly different, displaying an abrupt change, in an isolated population, with no traces of intermediate specimens or gradual shift in any M. herbacea specimens support its status as a species and not a subspecies (Braby et al. 2012), even though the molecular AED is below the suggested threshold for species delimitation using “DNA barcodes”. In fact, similar cases occur in Costa Rica and in mountainous areas of southeastern Brazil, where some macro-sympatric species of skippers and satyrs, respectively, well defined by morphology and habitat, have nearly identical “DNA barcodes” (Burns et al. 2007; Pyrcz et al. 2018). Cases like these and the one presented herein stress the fact that ideally no single source of data should be used alone for the delimitation of species (Goulding & Dayrat 2016).Published as part of Dias, Fernando M. S., Riley, Thomas J., Casagrande, Mirna M. & Mielke, Olaf H. H., 2021, An overview of " arginussa " species group of Memphis Hübner, [1819], with the description of a new species from Panama (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Charaxinae), pp. 249-270 in Zootaxa 5061 (2) on pages 253-267, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5061.2.2, http://zenodo.org/record/570577
Recomendações para pousadas mais sustentáveis na Ilha de Fernando de Noranha - PE
No full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro Tecnológico. Programa de Pós-Graduação em ArquiteturaEsta dissertação discute a situação atual da arquitetura de hospedagem no Arquipélago de Fernando de Noronha a partir de um levantamento de sua demanda turística, no contexto ambiental e sociocultural dessa unidade de conservação (UC), considerada um destino de ecoturismo nacional e internacional. Para isso se realizaram pesquisas in loco, estudos de caso e análise da situação atual das pousadas domiciliares, tipologia característica encontrada na Ilha, avaliando seu desempenho ante os condicionantes ambientais. Com base em critérios propostos nos sistemas de avaliação ambiental de edifícios focados na habitação e em certificações de sustentabilidade voltados para o turismo, buscaram-se parâmetros para se proporem critérios ambientais aplicáveis à arquitetura de hospedagem, que no caso especial das pousadas domiciliares, conciliam habitação e hospitalidade. A partir da eleição desses critérios são apresentadas recomendações de projeto objetivando melhorar as condições da habitação para os moradores e sua qualificação como empreendimentos turísticos sustentáveis, melhorando a qualidade de vida da população nativa e proporcionando melhores experiências aos turistas que freqüentam a Ilha. Este trabalho, sob uma perspectiva que integra homem, natureza e ambiente construído, questiona as novas demandas de ocupação do Arquipélago versus a vulnerabilidade de seu ecossistema, procurando respeitar a população e cultura locais, e preservar seu patrimônio ambiental, que é reconhecido como pertencente a toda a humanidade. Ao final, conclui-se que a incorporação de conceitos ambientais na elaboração dos espaços construídos voltados ao turismo em áreas naturais protegidas é uma importante prática para se promover o desenvolvimento sustentável dessas áreas, conciliando turismo e conservação, e no caso de Fernando de Noronha, requisito indispensável para um planejamento mais sustentável de ocupação do Arquipélago
Neoathripsodes holzenthali Dias, Quinteiro & Calor, 2015, new species
No full textNeoathripsodes holzenthali, new species (Figs. 2–3) Diagnosis. The new species differs from the type species of the genus by the following characters: Segment IX is long ventrally and short dorsally when observed in lateral view; segment X is broad basally and apically, with a constriction in the middle region in dorsal view. The superior appendages each have a truncate base in dorsal view. The phallus has a phallobase with a basodorsal spine projected dorsad and a pair of long dorsolateral parameres in lateral view. Adult. Length of each forewing 4.7–5.6 mm (n= 18); length of each hind wing 3.8–4.6 mm (n= 10). Head. Color dark brown (in alcohol). Antennae long, about twice as long as forewings. Maxillary palps dark brown, all segments subequal in length and width, except second segment which is 1 / 3 rd longer than the others. Labial palps dark brown, each 3 -segmented. Thorax. Dark brown; tibial spur formula 1,2,2; first pair of legs with apical tibial spur small; mid- and hind tibiae each with two apical spurs, one short and one long. Abdomen. Segments I–VIII subequal, without modifications. Male. Length of each forewing 4.8–5.6 mm (n= 10). Length of each hind wing 4.0– 4.6 mm (n= 10). Thorax. Forewings dark brown, with forks I and V (Fig. 2 A); fork I sessile; R 1 vein thickened in its distal half; veins R 2 + 3, R 4 + 5 and Cu 1 b very thick (Fig. 2 A); discoidal cell narrow, almost obliterated by thickened nature of R 2 + 3 and R 4 + 5 and sectoral crossvein (Fig. 2 A); crossveins r-m and m-cu present, fork V very deep, originating before mcu crossvein (Fig. 2 A). Hind wing dark brown, narrow, with forks I and V present, crossvein r-m absent (Fig. 2 B). Abdomen. Segment IX annular, with anterior margin smoothly sinuate and concave dorsolaterally in lateral view (Fig. 2 C), this segment longer ventrally than dorsally; with blunt posteromesal projection in dorsal view (Fig. 2 D). Segment X with apex divided dorsomesally along 1 / 3 rd of its total length, broad basally and apically, with Vshaped lateral constrictions at midlength and with eight apical setae in dorsal view (Fig. 2 D); in lateral view, broad basally, with apex pointed and directed dorsad (Fig. 2 C). Superior appendages quadrate, their basolateral margins acute in lateral and dorsal views (Fig. 2 C, 2 D), apically truncate in lateral view (Fig. 2 C) or rounded in dorsal view (Fig. 2 D). Inferior appendages each 2 -segmented, robust, bent dorsad with constriction near base and with incision in its distal half, forming two lobes; apicoventral lobe slender and shorter than dorsal lobe; dorsal lobe digitate with row of setae on dorsal margin and apex curved dorsad in lateral view (Fig. 2 C); harpago with broad base, tapering apically to strongly curved apex hooked mesad in ventral view (Fig. 2 G). Phallobase well developed and sclerotized with dorsal spine curved dorsad in basal region in lateral view (Fig. 2 E); phallicata membranous dorsally in lateral view (Fig. 2 E); pair of long parameres present dorsolaterally in lateral view (Fig. 2 E); in ventral view, two pairs of symmetrical parameres (Fig 2 F); phallotremal sclerite triangular in lateral view (Fig. 2 E), in ventral view U-shaped (Fig 2 F). Female (Fig. 3). Length of each forewing 4.7–5.5 mm (n= 8). Length of each hind wing 3.8–4.5 mm (n= 8). Thorax. Similar to male except each forewing with veins R 2 + 3 and R 3 + 4 not thickened, discoidal cell large and broad, crossvein m-cu absent, forks I, III and V present, fork I sessil, fork V much shallower than that of male (Fig. 3 A); Hind wings each with veins Sc and R forming thickened cell at base, crossvein r-m present (Fig. 3 B). Abdomen. Pair of low sclerotic bulges IXa longitudinally short in lateral view (Fig. 3 C), with pair of invaginations distally separating them from lateral bases of setose bulges IXb in dorsal view (Fig. 3 D); bulges IXb transverse, rounded apicodorsally with row of apicodorsal setae in lateral and dorsal views (Figs. 3 C, 3 D). Bulges IXc produced in triangular lamellae, in lateral view (Fig. 3 C) broad basally and pointed apically, their apices exceeding paired apices of external parts of gonopods VIII and IX (e.gon.VIII+IX) in length (Figs. 3 C, 3 D, 3 E). In ventral view (Fig. 3 E), these latter sclerites e.gon.VIII+IX collectively broad basally, tapering distally, apically terminating in pair of pointed, digitate processes near middle (Figs. 3 D, 3 E). Spermatheca sclerite complex, cylindrical, rounded, and with blunt process anteriorly in dorsal and ventral views (Figs. 3 D, 3 E). Immatures. Unknown. Holotype male. BRAZIL: Bahia: Camacan, Reserva Particular do Patrimônio Natural Serra Bonita, stream after the dam supply, 15 ° 23 ’ 26.6 ”S, 039° 33 ’ 57.2 ”W, el. 828 m, 26.xi. 2011, UV Light Pan trap, F.B. Quinteiro, E.S. Dias & T. Duarte (alcohol; MZUSP). Paratypes. same data as holotype, except 10 males, 3 females (alcohol; MZUSP); same data, except 6 males, 3 females (alcohol; UMSP); same data, except 14.ii. 2014, A.R. Calor &V. Gomes, 8 males; same data, except 15.ii.2013, 19 males, 4 females; same data, except 15 ° 23 ’ 28 ”S, 039° 33 ’ 66 ”W, el. 820 m, 31.vii. 2008, UV Light Pan trap, A.R. Calor, L.S. Lecci, L.C. Pinho & R.A. Moretto, 2 males, 1 female (alcohol; UFBA); same data, except 15 ° 23 ’ 28 ”S, 039° 33 ’ 57 ”W, el. 833 m, 04.xi. 2009, A.R. Calor, F.B. Quinteiro & D. França, 1 male (alcohol; UFBA); same data, except 15 ° 23 ’ 26 ”S, 039° 33 ’ 58 ”W, el. 822 m, iv. 2009, Malaise trap 2, A.R. Calor, L.S. Lecci, L.C. Pinho & R.A. Moretto, 2 males (pinned, UFBA); same data, except Fazenda Valdemar da Farmácia, 15 ° 25 ’ 18.6 ”S, 039° 33 ’ 59.3 ”W, el. 309 m, 28.iii. 2011, UV Light Pan trap, A.R. Calor, F.B. Quinteiro, D. França & H. Barreto, 1 male (alcohol; UFBA); same data, except 15 ° 23 ’ 31.1 ”S, 039° 33 ’ 52.2 ”W, el. 798 m, 29.iii. 2011, UV Light Pan trap, F.B. Quinteiro, D. França & H. Barreto, 2 males (alcohol; UFBA); same data, except 15 ° 23 ’ 15.7 ”S, 039° 33 ’ 57.3 ”W, el. 821 m, 25.xi. 2011, UV Light Pan trap, F.B. Quinteiro, R. Mariano, E.S. Dias, T. Duarte & V. Silva, 2 males, 2 females (alcohol; UFBA); same data, except 15 ° 23 ’ 36.1 ”S, 039° 33 ’ 52.7 ”W, el. 774 m, 25.xi. 2011, UV Light Pan trap, F.B. Quinteiro, R. Mariano, E.S. Dias, T. Duarte & V. Silva, 1 male (alcohol; UFBA); same data, except 15 ° 23 ’09.1”S, 039° 34 ’03.1”W, el. 816 m, 27.xi. 2011, UV Light Pan trap, F.B. Quinteiro, E.S. Dias & T. Duarte, 1 male, 3 females (alcohol; UFBA); same data, except 15 ° 23 ’ 17.6 ”S, 039° 33 ’ 56.3 ”W, 27.xi. 2011, UV Light Pan trap, F.B. Quinteiro, E.S. Dias & T. Duarte, 1 female (alcohol; UFBA). Distribution. Brazil (BA). Etymology. The specific name is in honor of Dr. Ralph W. Holzenthal, the author of the genus Neoathripsodes, who has been instrumental in contributing to our knowledge of Neotropical caddisflies. Taxonomic remarks. The new species presents many morphological differences from its congener. The males of Neoathripsodes holzenthali n. sp. have forewings each with its discoidal cell more elongated longitudinally, placed in the middle of the wing. The male R 1 vein is thickened, especially distal to the discoidal cell, differently from N. anomalus. Additionally, male fork V is much deeper than that of N. anomalus (originating nearly at the fork of Cu 1 and M) and crossvein r-m is absent in the male hind wings of the new species. The presence of a r-m crossvein in each hind wing was thought to be a diagnostic character in the genus (Holzenthal 1989). However, N. holzenthali n. sp. contradicts this assertion, since r-m is not present in the hind wings of the male of the new species, although it is present in the female. While the male genitalia of N. holzenthali n. sp. have the dorsal posteromesal margin of segment IX broad and quadrate, in dorsal view, N. anomalus has the same structure narrow and acuminate. Segment X of the new species is wide in its apex and base, but constricted at midlength in dorsal view, while in N. anomalus it is large, from the base to the middle portion, without constriction, and the apex is narrower than in the new species, in dorsal view. The superior appendages of N. holzenthali n. sp. are apically rounded (dorsal view) or truncate (lateral view) and truncate at the anterior basolateral margins in dorsal and lateral views. In Neoathripsodes anomalus this appendage is ovoid in dorsal and lateral views, with smooth edges. The inferior appendages of the new species are more robust, each having a row of setae on the anterodorsal margin, and the distal half of each inferior appendage is curved dorsad, while the anterior margin of each inferior appendage in N. anomalus does not have a row of setae and is straight. Differing from the generic diagnosis, the female forewings do not have veins R 2 + 3 and R 4 + 5 thickened at the discoidal cell and fork III is present (vein M 1 + 2 branched into M 1 and M 2). Intraspecific variation can be seen in males in the direction of the dorsal spine on the phallobase (upcurved in lateral view), the shape of the anterobasal border of the phallobase (enlarged, lateral view), and the shape of the apex of the slightly rounded dorsal margin of segment IX (in lateral view).Published as part of Dias, Everton S., Quinteiro, Fabio B. & Calor, Adolfo R., 2015, A new species of Neoathripsodes Holzenthal, 1989 (Trichoptera: Leptoceridae) with new generic and species records in Bahia State, Brazil, pp. 370-380 in Zootaxa 4032 (4) on pages 372-375, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4032.4.2, http://zenodo.org/record/23732
Symmachia Dias, Dolibaina, Mielke & Casagrande, 2020, stat. rev.
No full textKey to species of Symmachia of the “Probetoriformes” species group Males 1. HWD with a red band along the costal margin; FWD base of 1A without differentiated scales. (subgroup 1).............. 2 1’. HWD without a red band along the costal margin; FWD with light bluish green scales on the base of 1A................ 6 2. FWD without any translucent white or creamy spots along the costal margin...................................... 3 2’. FWD with translucent, whitish or creamy spots along the costal margin.......................................... 4 3. FWD dark green sheen absent roughly on the submedial areas from the inner margin to the discal cell and along the outer margin; vesica without cornuti. Amazon basin and the Guianas............................................ S. probetor, 3’. FWD dark green sheen absent on the submedial areas from the inner margin to the discal cell, on the postdiscal area in M 2 –M 3, and M 3 –CuA 1, and along the outer margin; cornuti well-developed. Trans-Andean South America and Central America............................................................................................ S. belti stat. rev. 4. FWD without spots between the discal cell and the costal margin and a small round whitish or creamy spot in the postdiscal area at the costal margin in R 2 –R 3. Central America........................................ S. championi stat. rest. 4’. FWD with a translucent white or creamy sickle-shaped spot between the discal cell and the costal margin............... 5 5. FWD without spots at the postdiscal area. Amazon basin and the Guyanas................................ S. estellina 5’. FWD with a small sub-rectangular whitish or creamy spot in the postdiscal area at the costal margin in R 2 –R 3. Atlantic forest..................................................................................... S. atlantica sp. nov. 6. FW strongly bulged at the costal margin; posterior tergites of the abdomen red. (subgroup 2)......................... 7 6’. FW weakly bulged at the costal margin; posterior tergites of the abdomen black. (subgroup 3)........................ 9 7. FWD with a red band in the submarginal area along the outer margin. Atlantic forest......................... S. praxila 7’. FWD without a red band in the submarginal area along the outer margin.......................................... 8 8. FWD without reddish orange spots in the basal area; HWV submarginal band irregular and broken along the outer margin, with a more developed ocellus between CuA 1 –2A near the tornus. Western Amazon basin......................... S. divisora 8’. FWD with reddish orange spots in the basal area; HWV submarginal band regular and continuous along the outer margin, not outlining ocelli. Atlantic forest............................................................. S. uirassu sp. nov. 9. FWD with a translucent white or creamy sickle-shaped spot between the discal cell and the costal margin and a small round whitish or creamy spot in the postdiscal area at the costal margin in R 2 –R 3. Amazon basin................... S. falcistriga 9’. FWD without translucent white or creamy spots along the costal margin. Amazon basin and the Guyanas.. S. meyi stat. nov.Published as part of Dias, Fernando Maia Silva, Dolibaina, Diego Rodrigo, Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik & Casagrande, Mirna Martins, 2020, Taxonomic review of the " Probetoriformes " species group of Symmachia Hübner [1819] (Lepidoptera: Riodinidae), with the description of two new species from the Brazilian Atlantic Forest, pp. 471-507 in Zootaxa 4780 (3) on page 504, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4780.3.3, http://zenodo.org/record/385525
Argyrogrammana halli Dolibaina & Dias, sp. nov.
No full textArgyrogrammana halli Dolibaina & Dias, sp. nov. (Figs 13–14, 52) Diagnosis. Argyrogrammana halli sp. nov. is easily distinguished from almost all species belonging the “ amalfreda complex” by the silvery-blue submarginal line bordered proximal and distally by a large orange band on the submarginal area of the forewing underside (Fig. 14). This character is only shared with A. bonita (Fig. 8) and A. physis phyton (Fig. 12), from which it is distinguished by the rounded forewing apex; hind wing laterally projected; underside ground color of both wings dark gray (Fig. 14); dorsal area of valva with a median deep dorsal indentation; dorso-distal projection of valva thin, distally projected and pointed, and the base with an internal process bent to external view (Fig. 52). Description. Head: vertex pale black; frontoclypeus pale yellow with a large median black band; eye glabrous, brown, with a black median band continuous to the frontoclypeus black band; antenna black, with two rows of cream spots covering almost all both lateral areas of each segment; club black, tip reddish; labial palpus short, pale yellow, third segment black. Thorax: dorsally orange and ventrally pale yellow; legs pale yellow with three black stripes on each tibia. Forewing upperside: length 12.7–13.1mm (12.7mm on the holotype); apex rounded; ground color black, covering almost all wing after near the end discal cell, from basal area to near end discal cell and from costal margin to anal margin extending near tornus; light blue subapical patch in R 4 –M 3 ellipsoid; thin silvery-blue submarginal line broken on the veins, with the anterior half of M 1 –M 2 proximally inclined; outer margin black, orange in R 4 –M 1 and CuA 2 – 2 A; fringe black, white in R 4 –M 1, M 1 –M 2, M 2 –M 3, M 3 –CuA 1 and CuA 2 – 2 A. Forewing underside: ground color dark gray; four black circular spots on discal cell surrounded by thin light gray scales; end discal cell covered by a black and thin spot surrounded proximal and distally by a gray line; postbasal area with a rounded black spot below the mid of discal cell, proximally to the origin of CuA 2; discal black band continuous from a discal cell black spot to 2 A, crossing distally the origin of CuA 2; postdiscal black band from R 2 to 2 A, wider in CuA 1–2 A, sometimes proximally and distally surrounded by irregular orange marks; all marginal and submarginal areas covered by a large orange band from R 4 to 2 A, distally surrounded by a black band; silvery-blue submarginal line discontinuous and inserted in the middle of the orange band, larger than in upperside and surrounded by black circular spots; fringe as in upperside. Hind wing upperside: apex rounded; laterally projected; ground color orange; black postdiscal line from costal margin to anal margin, continuous until CuA 1, absent in CuA 1 –CuA 2, then discontinuous; thin black submarginal line from M 2 –CuA 1 and a thinner, short and disjoint line in the anterior half of CuA 1 –CuA 2; silvery-gray submarginal line continuous from apex to tornus, proximal and distally surrounded by a thin and continuous black line; fringe black, white in M 1 –M 2, M 3 –CuA 1 and 2 A– 3 A. Hind wing underside: ground color dark gray; discal cell crossed by three black spots surrounded proximally and distally by a thin gray line; end discal cell covered by a black spot also surrounded by a thin gray line; from the base of the discal cell to 2 A gray; two black and circular spots in CuA 2 – 2 A below the discal cell surrounded by a thin gray line; above the discal cell proximal to origin of Rs a black circular spot surrounded by a gray line; postdiscal black band from Sc+R 1 to 3 A, distally surrounded by gray scales in CuA 1–3 A; M 1 –M 2 submarginal area black with two proximal and distal thin orange lines; silvery-blue submarginal line present only in M 3 – 3 A; fringe as in upperside. Abdomen: dorsally orange except by the tergum VII black; intersegmental area black; pleura black; sterna black with lateral pale yellow spots on the distal margin of each segment. Genitalia: tegumen dorsally squared and laterally triangular; tegumen ventral arms evenly narrow and fusing with the saccus dorsal arms, also evenly narrow; anterior projection of saccus narrow, as long as tegumen and proximally thinned; lateral membranous areas between tegumen and uncus thin and triangular; uncus as long as tegumen, laterally narrow, with the distal margin with a slight median indentation; gnathos thinned with spatulate tip; valvae longer than large, distally thinned, with a dorsal median wide indentation and a dorso-distal thin projection with an internal process at the base bent to external view, tip pointed and distally upturned; fultura inferior linked to base of valvae and laterally inserted to left on aedeagus; aedeagus thick, less than three times longer than valvae, with innumerous thin and long cornuti. Types. Holotype male with the following labels: / HOLOTYPUS / 23–30 -VIII- 2014, RIO MOA, P[AR]Q[UE]. NAC[IONAL DA]. SERRA DO DIVISOR (SEDE), MÂNCIO LIMA, ACRE, BRASIL, MIELKE, CASAGRANDE, CARNEIRO, DIAS, DOLIBAINA, SIEWERT & SALIK LEG 7 º 26 ’ 52 ” S, 73 º 39 ’ 55 ” [W] / DZ 31.020 / Holotypus Argyrogrammana halli Dolibaina & Dias det. 2015 / DZUP. Paratype: 1 male with the same data of the holotype (DZ 30.923, DZUP). Etymology. This species is named after Dr. Jason P. W. Hall, to honor his extensive contribution in the taxonomy, systematic, phylogeny, evolution, biogeography and ecology of Riodinidae. Ethology. Two males were collected in 2014 exhibiting the hilltoping behavior about two meters from the ground around 10:00h. Distribution. This new species is currently known only from PNSD, northwest of Acre, a typical lowland Amazon area on the border between Brazil and Peru. Comments. This new species was apparently never mentioned in previous studies. The presence of a large submarginal orange band on forewing underside allied with a small blue iridescent spot on forewing upperside is shared with A. physis phyton. Additionally, the two males of A. halli sp. nov. were collected while they were flying during the morning, a behavior also observed in males of A. physis phyton. On the other hand, the rounded forewing apex, the projected hind wing, the pattern of coloration in both wings upperside and the morphological aspects of the male genitalia clearly define A. halli sp. nov. as a new and distinct species probably related to A. physis phyton.Published as part of Dolibaina, Diego Rodrigo, Dias, Fernando Maia Silva, Mielke, Olaf Hermann Hendrik & Casagrande, Mirna Martins, 2015, Argyrogrammana Strand (Lepidoptera: Riodinidae) from Parque Nacional da Serra do Divisor, Acre, Brazil, with the description of four new species, pp. 227-245 in Zootaxa 4028 (2) on pages 233-235, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4028.2.4, http://zenodo.org/record/23328
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