1,120 research outputs found
Higher-gradient continua: The legacy of Piola, Mindlin, Sedov and Toupin and some future research perspectives
No full textSince the first studies dedicated to the mechanics of deformable bodies (by Euler, D'Alembert, Lagrange) the principle of virtual work (or virtual velocities) has been used to provide firm guidance to the formulation of novel theories. Gabrio Piola dedicated his scientific life to formulating a continuum theory in order to encompass a large class of deformation phenomena and was the first author to consider continua with non-local internal interactions and, as a particular case, higher-gradient continua. More recent followers of Piola (Mindlin, Sedov and then Richard Toupin) recognized the principle of virtual work (and its particular case, the principle of least action) as the (only!) firm foundation of continuum mechanics. Mindlin and Toupin managed to formulate a conceptual frame for continuum mechanics which is able to effectively model the complex behaviour of so-called architectured, advanced, multiscale or microstructured (meta)materials. Other postulation schemes, in contrast, do not seem able to be equally efficient. The present work aims to provide a historical and theoretical overview of the subject. Some research perspectives concerning this theoretical approach are outlined in the final section
Speech genres, genres of scientific life: Conference in memory of professor K. F. Sedov
No full textThe article summarizes the results of the International scientific-practical conference “Special Education and Sociocultural Integration – 2024: Current Issues in Remedial Education, Special Psychology and Psycholinguistics”, dedicated to the 70th anniversary of the distinguished scholar and one of the founders of the Saratov School of Genre Studies, Professor K. F. Sedov. The conference was organized by Saratov National Research State University named after N. G. Chernyshevsky, the Faculty of Psychological, Pedagogical, and Special Education of the Pedagogical Institute and the Department of Speech Therapy and Psycholinguistics. The article provides an overview of the events planned within the conference format: plenary and sectional sessions, round-table discussions, workshops, and a competition od student papers. The issues of the program’s plenary and sectional reports, topics of round tables, and workshops are presented from the perspective of an interdisciplinary approach to studying related problems of communication linguistics, genre studies, psychology, general and special education. 
Modeling quarantine during epidemics and mass-testing using drones
No full textWe extend the classical SIR epidemic spread model by introducing the “quarantined” compartment. We solve (numerically) the differential equations that govern the extended model and quantify how quarantining “flattens the curve” for the proportion of infected population over time. Furthermore, we explore the potential of using drones to deliver tests, enabling mass-testing for the infection; we give a method to estimate the drone fleet needed to deliver the tests in a metropolitan area. Application of our models to COVID-19 spread in Sweden shows how the proposed methods could substantially decrease the peak number of infected people, almost without increasing the duration of the epidemic. © 2020 Sedov et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited
Evgeny Nikolaevich Sedov: a leading breeder of pome fruit crops in Russia
No full textAcad. Evgeny Nikolaevich Sedov, Doctor of Agricultural Sciences, Full Member of the Russian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Full Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Professor, Scientist Emeritus, is an outstanding researcher and breeder, author of 90 apple and pear cultivars, founder of a scientific school specializing on priority trends in pome fruit breeding: – development of adaptable triploid apple cultivars with regular fruiting, high marketability of fruits, and increased self-fertility; – development of apple cultivars immune or highly resistant to scab; – development of triploid apple cultivars with immunity to scab; – development of columnar apple cultivars for super-intensive orchards and main technology elements for their cultivation; – development of apple cultivars with improved biochemical composition of fruits with higher content of ascorbic acid (vitamin C) and Р-active substances (vitamin Р)
New data about Novgorod resident Ivan Shusherin the author of the biography of Patriarch Nikon
No full textThe article deals with the biography of Ivan Shusherin, the author of the “Life” of Patriarch Nikon. Based on new archival data, it was established the previously unknown circumstances of Ivan Shusherin’s ten-year stay in exile in Novgorod and his own letters, written in extremely beautiful handwriting are discovered. Analysis of the text of the “Life” allowed the author to clarify the dating of the “Life” and the intent of this work – the most important source on the history of the Russian church in the second half of the 17th century
Implementation and development of K. F. Sedov’s scientifi c ideas in the content of the technology of professional training of speech therapists
No full textThe relevance of the research is due to the necessity to generalize the scientifi c research of K. F. Sedov in the context of formation of ontolinguistic, psycholinguistic and other areas of development of the Department of Speech Therapy and Psycholinguistics of Saratov State University, as well as in the aspect of implementing the research in the content of the technology of speech therapists’ professional training. Purpose: to summarize the scientifi c and methodological heritage of K. F. Sedov and the experience of its practical application in training the students majoring in ‘Speech Therapy’ qualifi cation at Saratov State University and in the research of teachers of the Department of Speech Therapy and Psycholinguistics. Methods (tools): comparative analysis of the data from scientifi c and bibliographic sources such as dissertations, monographs, articles, programs and educational materials of the Department of Speech Therapy and Psycholinguistics. Results. For the fi rst time, the analysis of the scientifi c heritage of K. F. Sedov was carried out from the point of view of its implementation and development in the content of the technology of professional training of speech therapists at the Department of Speech Therapy and Psycholinguistics, particularly, in the courses taught by the Department, in the works of teachers, and in the topics of graduation papers. The study has revealed the continuity of the conceptual approaches of Prof. K. F. Sedov in the methodological and practical activities of the Department, in the content of the technology of professional training of bachelors and masters majoring in Speech therapy. The study also presents the development of K. F. Sedov’s ideas in the scientifi c activities of teachers and students of the Department of Speech Therapy and Psycholinguistics in psycholinguistic, ontogenetic, speech genre and pragmasemiotic directions. The prospects for the development of scientifi c directions of the Department of Speech Therapy and Psycholinguistics in this perspective are outlined. They include further study of the peculiarities of speech and thinking activity of children with severe speech disorders (TNR), of the psycholinguistic foundations of speech therapy, of the peculiar use of psycholinguistic experiment in teaching speech therapy disciplines, as well as of the active inclusion of a speech genre approach in developing the professional competencies of speech therapists. Practical significance. The practical signifi cance of the research lies in the possibility of using the results of analytics in the development of the content of the technology of professional training of speech therapists in other universities
The Neutral Genres in the Communicative Space o f Modern Russia
No full textThe article is devoted to research into speech genres which belong to the neutral zone of everyday phatic communication (boltovnya, svetskaya beseda, razgovor po dusham). The author presumes that all the three genres are the variants of one invariant form – 'razgovor (razgovor bytovoi', 'razgovor svetskii' and 'razgovor po dusham'). Each of the genre forms analyzed is consonant with communication in different 'I' states described by Eric Bern: 'boltovnya' – communication at the level of a 'Child', 'svetskaya beseda' – a 'Parent', 'razgovor po dusham' – an 'Adult'. 'Boltovnya' is the primary speech genre, while the two others are secondary to it. At the level of speech production 'boltovnya' includes the intention of an easy, superficial discursive behavior. The main principle of theme moving is defined here by non-determinacy of communication. The central subgenres of 'boltovnya' defining its main tactics are'rasskaz ob uvidennom', 'rasskaz ob otsutstvuyushchem litse' and gossip. We have to add to them such facultative genres as compliment, 'kolkost', request, consolation, affirmation, invective, 'pouchenie' etc. 'Bytovoi razgovor' at the level of speech production does not have a clear value intention. Just this feature of Russian 'boltovnya' doesn't allow to define its conceptual content clearly. 'Svetskaya beseda' is a rhetoric genre (in comparison to the primary genre 'boltovnya'). It reflects the cooperative-conformist's type of communication. Pragmatic parameters of this genre include non-official but public character of communication. Psychological parameters of the 'svetskaya beseda' genre include the high grade of determination in speech production. The main semantics of the 'svetskaya beseda' genre is determined by the concept of politeness (demonstration of respect to a communicative partner expressed in benevolence towards him). The 'razgovor po dusham' genre is a secondary genre (when compared to the primary genre 'boltovnya'). It is based on the principles of the so-called cooperative-actualizator's type of the communication (an intention to stand at your communicative partner's point of view, to put yourself in his/her shoes), the semantics of which is reflected in the 'sincerity' concept. This genre alone corresponds with the concept of a communicative ideal within everyday communication that Russian people have
Higher-gradient continua: The legacy of Piola, Mindlin, Sedov and Toupin and some future research perspectives
No full textSince the first studies dedicated to the mechanics of deformable bodies (by Euler, D’Alembert, Lagrange) the principle of virtual work (or virtual velocities) has been used to provide firm guidance to the formulation of novel theories. Gabrio Piola dedicated his scientific life to formulating a continuum theory in order to encompass a large class of deformation phenomena and was the first author to consider continua with non-local internal interactions and, as a particular case, higher-gradient continua. More recent followers of Piola (Mindlin, Sedov and then Richard Toupin) recognized the principle of virtual work (and its particular case, the principle of least action) as the (only!) firm foundation of continuum mechanics. Mindlin and Toupin managed to formulate a conceptual frame for continuum mechanics which is able to effectively model the complex behaviour of so-called architectured, advanced, multiscale or microstructured (meta)materials. Other postulation schemes, in contrast, do not seem able to be equally efficient. The present work aims to provide a historical and theoretical overview of the subject. Some research perspectives concerning this theoretical approach are outlined in the final section
Nejtralʹnye žanry v kommunikativnom prostranstve sovremennoj Rossii
No full textThe article is devoted to research into speech genres which belong to the neutral zone of everyday phatic communication (boltovnya, svetskaya beseda, razgovor po dusham). The author presumes that all the three genres are the variants of one inva[1]riant form - razgovor (razgovor bytovoy, razgovor svetskiy and razgovor po dus[1]ham). Each of the genre forms analyzed is consonant with communication in rent “I” states described by Eric Bern: boltovnya - communication at the level of a “Child”, svetskaya beseda - a “Parent razgovor po dusham - an “Adult” Boltov[1]nya is the primary speech genre, while the two others are secondary to it. At the level of speech production holtovnya includes the intention of an easy, superficial discur[1]sive behavior. The main principle of theme moving is defined here by non-determi[1]nacy of communication. The central subgenres of boltovnya defining its main tactics are rasskaz ob uvidennom, rasskaz ob otsutstvuyushchem litse and gossip. We have to add to them such facultative genres as compliment, kolkost’, request, consolation, affirmation, invective, pouchemye ect. Bytovoy razgovor at the level of speech pro[1]duction does not have a clear value intention. Just this feature of Russian boltovnya doesn’t allow to define its conceptual content clearly. Svetskaya beseda is a rhetoric genre (in comparison to the primary genre boltovnya). It reflects the coopera[1]tive-conformist’s type of communication. Pragmatic parameters of this genre inclu[1]de non-official but public character of communication. Psychological parameters of the svetskaya beseda genre include the high grade of determination in speech pro[1]duction. The main semantics of the svetskaya beseda genre is determined by the con[1]cept of politeness (demonstration of respect to a communicative partner expressed in benevolence towards him). The razgovor po dusham genre is a secondary genre (when compared to the primary genre boltovnya). It is based on the principles of the so-called cooperative-actualizator’s type of the communication (an intention to stand at your communicative partner’s point of view, to put yourself in his/her sho[1]es), the semantics of which is reflected in the “sincerity” concept. This genre alone corresponds with the concept of a communicative ideal within everyday communica[1]tion that Russian people have
Modern lessons’ construction based on the taxonomy of pedagogical objectives and the multiple intelligences theory
No full text© 2019, Emerald Publishing Limited. Purpose: Currently, teachers meet difficulties when design the modern classes so that they respond to the requirements of new educational standards. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to justify the algorithm for applying the “foundations” for designing modern classes of different types and varied subject areas. Design/methodology/approach: The author coordinates the “foundations” of constructing modern occupations in various subject areas on the example of lessons for children mastering the basic level of preparation and higher one. As the basis for building classes in modern conditions, the author considers the taxonomy of the pedagogical goals of B. Bloom and G. Gardner’s theory of multiple intelligences (MI). Findings: The taxonomy of pedagogical goals can be one of the key foundations in the design of modern occupations of various types; the theory of MI – in the construction of classes of different subject areas. As examples for the argumentation, the author used the educational technologies of “problem education” and “project education.” Practical implications: This study is a modest contribution to didactics (the science of theories and learning technologies). The results of the research actualize the work of B. Bloom and G. Gardner in the context of modern requirements for the results and content of education in general and vocational schools. The main provisions of the paper should supplement a number of such works where the solution of modern problems in education is built on the traditions and innovations balance. Originality/value: The algorithm of applying the “foundations” in the modern studies’ planning can be used for lessons of various types and different subject areas. Further, research can be built in the context of interpreting the algorithm and testing its effectiveness using examples of other educational technologies
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