1,721,047 research outputs found
A model for earthquake generation during unrest episodes at Campi Flegrei and Rabaul calderas
No full textWe have analysed the seismicity that occurred at Campi Flegrei caldera (Italy) in the period 1982-1984, during an unrest episode. Earthquake locations describe a system of inward dipping ring faults. Focal mechanisms of such events show a normal dip component, which is not in agreement with the differential uplift of the inner caldera, as defined by static ground deformations. We have performed a simulation of the stress field generated by overpressure in a magma chamber in presence of lateral discontinuities, using a boundary element method. Lateral discontinuities simulate the ring fault system marking the border of the inner caldera collapse. Results allow us to hypothesize that reverse fault slip on the ring fault is mainly aseismic, and such aseismic movement is able to focus normal fault shear stress along the lateral discontinuities. Aseismic slip on the ring fault in response to static deformation is also supported by the low seismic moment released (M-0 congruent to 10(15) Nm), about two orders of magnitude lower than expected from the shear slip on the discontinuities needed to accomplish the total static surface deformation (1.8 m). Such results have been compared with observations at Rabaul caldera, during a similar unrest episode. In this area, the seismic moment release is in good agreement with shear slip produced on a system of outward dipping ring faults, and seismicity is much more focused on the fault structures. Such a different behaviour can be interpreted, in the framework of our model, as due to the different sign of the stress normal to the ring faults, for inward and outward dip. The comparison between the two areas shed new light about the dynamics of earthquakes in calderas, in terms of the role played by ring fault systems
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
An advanced slip model for the Umbria-Marche earthquake sequence : coseismic displacements observed by SAR interferometry and model inversion
No full textWe report an improved slip model for the 1997 September–October Umbria-Marche earthquake sequence in central Italy. The model is based on coseismic displacements estimated by differential synthetic aperture radar (DInSAR) interferometry using an advanced inverse modelling approach that enables the characteristics of the SAR data, especially their dense spatial sampling, to be fully exploited. The paper first looks at DInSAR analysis using the simplest configuration, that is, a single-image pair that temporally covers the earthquake sequence. Yet, given that this DInSAR configuration is often used for coseismic studies and the limited availability of SAR data, we duly consider the limitations of the DInSAR results and discuss the rigorous DInSAR procedure carried out, highlighting key errors associated with such observations. We then focus on the inversion of the estimated DInSAR displacements and on our advanced heterogeneous slip model for this earthquake sequence's main shocks, emphasizing its most significant features
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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