626 research outputs found
SolarPierce: A Solar Path Based Generative System
No full textIn hot and arid climates, limiting solar heat gain while also providing daylight into a structure is a major concern in building design. Building skin that gradually changes in porosity can help limit solar heat gain. Since solar heat gain is primarily a problem during summer, the path the sun follows during summer must be taken into account in determining opening sizes. In this paper, the researcher reports on a study where a generative system called SolarPierce was developed using AutoLISP, the scripting language of AutoCAD, to generate solid geometry for a building skin based on the sun\u92s path in a given geographical area. The system automatically punches different size openings in a given shell structure where openings facing the sun are the smallest and those fully facing away from the sun are the largest. Opening sizes gradually change from a given minimum to a given maximum depending on how much they face the sun
Zihinsel Yetersizliği Olan Çocuklar İçin Hibrit Okuma-Yazma Öğretim Yöntemi
No full textDue to the lack of a separate literacy instruction method for students with intellectual disabilities, existing methods for typically developing children are mostly used as they are, or sometimes with modifications and adaptations. These methods can be used with various instructional adaptations, for children with mild intellectual disabilities, whereas it is not possible to use them as effectively for children with moderate-to-severe intellectual disabilities due to their cognitive and learning characteristics. While the goal is only to acquire functional reading for children with severe intellectual disabilities, it goes as far as academic literacy for children with moderate intellectual disabilities. The hybrid literacy instruction method was developed by scanning and compiling the results of scientific research in the field of literacy instruction for children with intellectual disabilities. This method comprises of hierarchical stages such as sight word instruction, letter knowledge instruction, monosyllabic word reading instruction, and multisyllabic word reading instruction. Due to the integrated use of three separate strategies, namely the sight word reading strategy, analytical phonic strategy and analogy strategy, it is a hybrid/mixed instructional method
Object oriented representation of design decisions
No full textDuring the course of a design project numerous design decisions are made, usually with little attention paid to documenting them or keeping track of them. Systematic documentation and representation of design decisions can not only be invaluable in learning from past design experiences, but can also be good tools in teaching architectural design. By using abstraction and analogy to analyze a design precedent, a problem/sub-problem hierarchy can be built where similarities and differences between the precedent problem and the target problem, goals, constraints and solutions are identified for each level of the hierarchy. Each one of these can be represented as objects in an object oriented programming environment, allowing the construction of a hierarchic structure. This model was incorporated into a computer assisted learning system called `DesignRep'which was created by using Toolbook - (Asymetrix) object oriented development environment.
Uygulamacılar İçin Öğretimde Farklı Bir Bakış Açısı: Gömülü Öğretim
No full textWOS: 000433823600008The purpose of this study is to clarify the naturalistic instructional approach, to give an outline of the philosophy behind it and to share the approach's benefits with regard to preschool children with developmental disabilities and their families and teachers by explaining the basic principles and steps of the embedded instruction process. In this study, it is given information about the researches related to embedded instruction that was planned for teaching different behaviors to the children with developmental disabilities by different practitioners. The contributions that the process of embedded instruction makes to preschooler with developmental disabilities, their families and teachers, are shared. In addition, the article examines the concept of embedded instruction in order to make suggestions for practitioners in the light of various research studies that emphasize the effectiveness and efficacy of the naturalistic instructional approach.Anadolu University Scientific Research Projects Commission; Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK)This study is a part of PhD. study conducted by the first author advised by the second author. This study has been funded and supported by the Anadolu University Scientific Research Projects Commission and the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK)
Subcontracting dynamics and economic development: A study on textile and engineering industries
No full textRecent studies on small and medium sized establishments emphasize the importance of networking and regional clusters for industrial development. This study is focused on an important form of cooperation between firms: subcontracting relationship. Our aim is to estimate the determinants of subcontracting in Turkish textile and engineering industries, and to derive policy implications of our estimates. We estimate subcontract offering and subcontract receiving models for both industries by using panel data on all establishments employing 25 or more workers in the period 1988-97. Our findings show that short-term/unequal relationship exists between parent firms and subcontractors in the textile industry whereas subcontracting relationships in the engineering industry are established between "similar", relatively advanced firms that have complementary assets and technologies.Subcontracting, firm cooperation, vertical integration
Individual cognitive structures and collaboration patterns in academia
No full text13th International Conference on Scientometrics and Informetrics -- JUL 04-07, 2011 -- Univ Zululand, Durban, SOUTH AFRICAThis article, elaborating on mutuality of knowledge and social structure theory borrowed from sociology of knowledge literature, where knowledge is perceived as an essentially social and societal category, develops a coherent research framework which relates cognitive structure and the collaboration patterns into an integrated socio-knowledge analysis of a given scientific community. The framework extends co-word analysis combining it with social network analysis. The framework is enhanced by introducing a novel model. The new model maps actors from co-authorship networks into a strategic diagram of scientists. The mapping is based on cohesiveness and pervasiveness of issues each author has published in the field. The exemplary longitudinal case from Turkey covers scientific publication activities in Turkish management academia spanning the years from 1922 until 2008. It is seen that, while within local community diffusion of management knowledge is lead by academicians with certain socio-cognitive properties, academicians publishing at international arena do not show any significantly differing socio-cognitive properties, instead, they are merely embedded in strongly connected groups. Leading academicians within local community, however, exhibit a common socio-cognitive structure relative to the rest of the community. They have more social ties and more diversified disseminated knowledge compared to the rest. Knowledge they disseminate is distinct compared to their peers in the network, they hold certain part of their knowledge exclusively, thus knowledge-wise they don't resemble the rest, but they keep a level of common knowledge with the rest of the community.Int Soc Scientometr & Informetr (ISSI),Durban Univ Techno
The Computer Model "BGRAF": a Cognitive Approach to Emergency Egress Simulation
No full textDuring the past decade, fire safety researchers have come to the understanding that human factors in fires play an important role in controlling the spread of fire, and in decreasing the number of fire casualties in buildings. With the current developments in computer technology, computer modelling of human behaviour in fires emerged as an effective method of research. Such computer modelling techniques offered the advantage of being able to experiment with hypothetical fires in buildings without Note endangering human life. Consequently, a study to develop a computer model that will simulate the emergency egress behaviour of people in fires was undertaken. Changes in the information processing capacity of the individual as a result of time pressure and stress was considered as part of the emergency egress decision process. Theories from environmental psychology identified a range of cognitive factors, such as visual access in buildings, architectural differentiation, signage and plan configuration that affect way finding and route selection in buildings. These factors needed to be incorporated into emergency egress models. The model was based on the integrated building data base of the CAD system developed at the University of Michigan, Architecture and Planning Lab., which provided a comprehensive building definition, and allowed both graphic and tabular output. Two actual fire incidences were simulated as part of the validation study. These studies have stressed the importance of the cognitive aspects of the physical environment as a factor in emergency egress. A goal structure that represented the total decision process during fires was incorporated into the model. This structure allowed the inputting and testing of a variety of goal structures by using actions as model blocks. The objectives of the model developed in this study can best be summarized as to study and eventually to predict the route selection and exiting behaviour in fires, with the purpose of using such information in making building design and code development decisions, and in suggesting action sequences that will best support the safety of the occupants of a building under different emergency conditions.
The Early Sex-Specific Expression of the Fruitless Gene in the Asian Tiger Mosquito Aedes albopictus (Skuse) and Its Functional Conservation in Male Courtship
No full text: The Asian tiger mosquito, Aedes albopictus, is an invasive species and a vector for several significant human pathogens. Gaining a deeper understanding of its reproductive biology offers valuable insights into its evolutionary success and may inform the development of sustainable strategies to control its spread. This study presents a comprehensive structural and functional characterization of the fruitless gene in Ae. albopictus (Aalfru), a pivotal regulator of sexual behavior in insects. Through in silico analysis combined with molecular and functional genetics approaches, we identified a high degree of conservation in the fru gene structure and its regulation via sex-specific alternative splicing. Differently from Drosophila, Aedes aegypti, and other dipteran fruitless orthologs, Aalfru sex-specific regulation starts in 1-day-old embryos, rather than the late larval stage. Functional analysis using embryonic RNA interference (RNAi) demonstrated that, Ae. albopictus males with transiently disrupted fru expression at the embryonic stage showed significant deficits in adult mating behavior and failed to produce viable progeny. Our findings elucidate the Aalfru gene's molecular organization, developmental regulation, and critical role in courtship behavior, highlighting its importance in male sexual behavior and reproductive success in Ae. albopictus
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