69 research outputs found
Electrical Conductivity of the Thermal Dusty Plasma under the Conditions of a Hybrid Plasma Environment Simulation Facility
No full textWe discuss the inductively heated plasma generator (IPG) facility in application to the generation of the thermal dusty plasma formed by the positively charged dust particles and the electrons emitted by them. We develop a theoretical model for the calculation of plasma electrical conductivity under typical conditions of the IPG. We show that the electrical conductivity of dusty plasma is defined by collisions with the neutral gas molecules and by the electron number density. The latter is calculated in the approximations of an ideal and strongly coupled particle system and in the regime of weak and strong screening of the particle charge. The maximum attainable electron number density and corresponding maximum plasma electrical conductivity prove to be independent of the particle emissivity. Analysis of available experiments is performed, in particular, of our recent experiment with plasma formed by the combustion products of a propane–air mixture and the CeO2 particles injected into it. A good correlation between the theory and experimental data points to the adequacy of our approach. Our main conclusion is that a level of the electrical conductivity due to the thermal ionization of the dust particles is sufficiently high to compete with that of the potassium-doped plasmas
A measurement of Xi(-) polarization in inclusive production by Sigma(-) of 340 GeV/c in C and Cu targets
No full textWe have measured the polarization of Xi /sup -/ hyperons produced inclusively by a Sigma /sup -/ beam of 340 GeV/c momentum in nuclear targets. From a sample of 880000 identified Xi /sup -/ decays, polarizations were determined in the range 0or=0.3. At fixed values of x/sub F/, its magnitude increases with p/sub t/ to maximum values which reach about 20% at large x/sub F/
A Measurement of Lambda Polarization in Inclusive Production by Sigma- of 340- GeV/c in C and Cu Targets
No full textWe have measured the polarization of Sigma(-) beam of 340 GeV/c momentum in nuclear targets. From a sample of 9.5 millions of identified Lambda decays, polarizations were determined in the range x(F) gt 0.1 and p(t)less than or equal to1.6 GeV/c . The polarization w.r.t. the production normal is mainly positive for x(F)greater than or equal to0.3. At fixed values of x(F) , it increases with p(t) to a maximum between p(t)=0.5 and p(t)=1 GeV/c , and then decreases to zero or even negative values, in sharp contrast to the plateau above p(t)=1 GeV/c observed in inclusive Lambda production by protons
The High-Intensity Hyperon Beam at CERN
No full textA high-intensity hyperon beam was constructed at CERN to deliver S- to experiment WA89 at the Omega facility and operated from 1989 to 1994. The setup allowed rapid changeover between hyperon and conventional hadron beam configurations. The beam provided a S- flux of 1.4 x 105 per burst at mean momenta between 330 and 345 GeV/c produced by about 3 x 1010 protons of 450 GeV/c. At the experiment target the beam had a S-/p- ratio close to 0.4 and a size of 1.6 x 3.7 cm2. The beam particle trajectories and their momenta were measured with a scintillating fibre hodoscope in the beam channel and a silicon microstrip detector at the exit of the channel. A fast transition radiation detector was used to identify the pion component of the beamA high-intensity hyperon beam was constructed at CERN to deliver Sigma- to experiment WA89 at the Omega facility and operated from 1989 to 1994. The setup allowed rapid changeover between hyperon and conventional hadron beam configurations. The beam provided a Sigma-flux of 1.4 x 10^5 per burst at mean momenta between 330 and 345 Gev/c, produced by about 3 x 10^10 protons of 450 GeV/c . At the experiment target the beam had a Sigma-/pi- ratio close to 0.4 and a size of 1.6 x 3.7 cm^2. The beam particle trajectories and their momenta were measured with a scintillating fibre hodoscope in the beam channel and a silicon microstrip detector at the exit of the channel. A fast transition radiation detector was used to identify the pion component of the beam
Emulsifiers induce mild maternal glucose intolerance.
No full text(A) Experimental design of maternal emulsifier consumption highlighting the period of maternal characterization. (B) Daily food intake of control and emulsifier–treated dams post–weaning (n = 6/group). (C) Body weight of control and emulsifier–treated dams post–weaning (n = 15 CTRL and n = 15 Emul). (D) gWAT weight normalized by total body weight and represented as % of control animals of control and emulsifier dams post–weaning (n = 15 CTRL and n = 15 Emul). (E) GTT and (F) AUC of control and emulsifier–treated dams post–weaning (n = 15 CTRL and n = 15 Emul). (G) Fasting blood glucose levels of control and emulsifier–treated dams post–weaning (n = 15 CTRL and n = 15 Emul). (H) Plasma leptin levels after 6 h of fasting of control and emulsifier–treated dams post–weaning (n = 6 CTRL and n = 7 Emul). (I) Plasma insulin levels after 6 h of fasting of control and emulsifier–treated dams post–weaning (n = 7 CTRL and n = 7 Emul). Data in B, H, and I are derived from 1 single experiment. Data in C, D, E, F, and G are pools from 2 different experiments. Data are expressed as mean ± SEM. Statistical analysis was performed with an unpaired t test in B, C, D, F, G, H, and I and by two–way ANOVA followed by Sidak’s post hoc analysis in E. *p p p 10.6084/m9.figshare.22742759. (TIF)</p
Hypothalamic feeding–related neuropeptides are altered upon maternal emulsifier consumption.
No full text(A) Volcano plot of transcript expression in the MBH between control and emulsifier offspring at weaning. Threshold for FC (±1.5) and FDR (p n = 4 CTRL and n = 5 Emul). (B) Cytoscape plot of the down–regulated enriched pathways (p n = 4 CTRL and n = 5 Emul). (D) Transcript expression of orexigenic and anorexigenic peptides in the MBH in female offspring from control and emulsifier–exposed dams at weaning (n = 7 CTRL and n = 7 Emul). (E) Representative immunofluorescence images showing AgRP staining density in the PVH of control and emulsifier male offspring at weaning and integrated density quantification (n = 6 mice/group). (F) Representative immunofluorescence images showing α–MSH staining density in the PVH of control and emulsifier male offspring at weaning and integrated density quantification (n = 5 mice/group). Data in C and D are derived from 1 single experiment. Data in E and F are pools from 2 different experiments. Data are expressed as mean ± SEM. Statistical analysis was performed by unpaired t test in C, D, E, and F. *p p 10.6084/m9.figshare.22742759. Pomc, pro–opiomelanocortin; Cart, cocaine–and amphetamine–regulated transcript; Agrp, agouti–related peptide; Npy, neuropeptide Y; Pcsk1, proprotein convertase 1; Mcr3, melanocortin 3 receptor; Mcr4, melanocortin 4 receptor; α–MSH, alpha–melanocyte–stimulating hormone; PVH, paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus; 3V, third ventricle; DEG, differentially expressed gene; FC, fold change; FDR, false discovery rate; MBH, mediobasal hypothalamus.</p
Production of V-0 pairs in the hyperon experiment WA89
No full textWe present a comprehensive study of the inclusive production of pairs () by and of 340 GeV/c momentum and neutrons of 260 GeV/c mean momentum in copper and carbon targets. In particular, the dependence of the spectra on the combination of beam-particle and produced pair is investigated and compared to predictions obtained from PYTHIA and QSGM calculations. The data and these predictions differ in many details, the agreement can at best be termed as qualitative. A signal from decays of the tensor meson (1525) was observed in the K_S K_S mass distribution and inclusive production cross sections were measured. No signal was found from the double-strange H-dibaryon decaying to
Electrical conductivity of the thermal dusty plasma under the conditions of a hybrid plasma environment simulation facility
No full textWe discuss the inductively heated plasma generator (IPG) facility in application to the generation of the thermal dusty plasma formed by the positively charged dust particles and the electrons emitted by them. We develop a theoretical model for the calculation of plasma electrical conductivity under typical conditions of the IPG. We show that the electrical conductivity of dusty plasma is defined by collisions with the neutral gas molecules and by the electron number density. The latter is calculated in the approximations of an ideal and strongly coupled particle system and in the regime of weak and strong screening of the particle charge. The maximum attainable electron number density and corresponding maximum plasma electrical conductivity prove to be independent of the particle emissivity. Analysis of available experiments is performed, in particular, of our recent experiment with plasma formed by the combustion products of a propane-air mixture and the CeO2 particles injected into it. A good correlation between the theory and experimental data points to the adequacy of our approach. Our main conclusion is that a level of the electrical conductivity due to the thermal ionization of the dust particles is sufficiently high to compete with that of the potassium-doped plasmas.Russian Science FoundationRussian Foundation for Basic Researc
Maternal emulsifier consumption induces anxiety–related states in male offspring.
No full text(A–D) Open field performance in 9–week–old male (A and B) (n = 9 CTRL–CTRL; n = 9 CTRL–Emul; n = 6 Emul–CTRL; n = 6 Emul–Emul) and female (C and D) (n = 9 CTRL–CTRL; n = 8 CTRL–Emul; n = 5 Emul–CTRL; n = 5 Emul–Emul) offspring born of control and emulsifier–exposed mothers, including time spent per zone (A and C) and total distance traveled (B and D). (E, F) Time spent in the light compartment during the dark–light box test in 9–week–old male (E) (n = 9 CTRL–CTRL; n = 9 CTRL–Emul; n = 6 Emul–CTRL; n = 6 Emul–Emul) and female (F) (n = 9 CTRL–CTRL; n = 8 CTRL–Emul; n = 5 Emul–CTRL; n = 5 Emul–Emul) offspring born of control and emulsifier–exposed mothers. (G–J) Short–term memory parameters in 10–week–old male (G and H) (n = 9 CTRL–CTRL; n = 9 CTRL–Emul; n = 4 Emul–CTRL; n = 6 Emul–Emul) and female (I and J) (n = 7 CTRL–CTRL; n = 7 CTRL–Emul; n = 3 Emul–CTRL; n = 4 Emul–Emul) offspring born of control and emulsifier–exposed mothers, including discrimination index (G and I) and exploratory time (H and J). Data are derived from 1 single experiment. Data are expressed as mean ± SEM. Statistical analysis was performed by two–way ANOVA followed by Sidak’s post hoc analysis. *p 10.6084/m9.figshare.22742759. (TIF)</p
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