318 research outputs found
Naomi Duff Smith papers
No full textNaomi Duff Smith (1902-1973) was a poet, author of short stories and radio scripts, and owner of a Baltimore, Maryland, public relations firm. Her collection consists of poems, short stories, correspondence, and awards documenting her literary output and business and civic achievements. Significant correspondents represented in the collection include Lizette Woodworth Reese, R. P. Harriss, Millard E. Tydings, Amy Winslow, Alan P. Hoblitzell, E. Paul Mason, Joseph R. Byrnes, Emory J. Niles, William D. MacMillan, and Hugo R. Hoffman
Duff on the Legitimacy of Punishment of Socially Deprived Offenders
No full textDuff offered an argument for the conclusion that just or legitimate punishment of socially deprived offenders in our unjust society is impossible. One of the claims in his argument is that our courts have the standing to blame an offender only if our polity has the right to do so since our courts are acting as the representatives of, or to use the exact phrases by Duff, "in the name of", or "on behalf of", the whole polity. In this paper I will challenge that claim. I will argue that the courts can be seen as acting, not on behalf of the whole polity, but only on behalf of a subset of its citizens, namely, the just citizens (i. e. the citizens who cannot be seen to have wronged the deprived offenders). © 2012 The Author(s).published_or_final_versionSpringer Open Choice, 25 May 201
Hand classification of fMRI ICA noise components
No full textWe present a practical "how-to" guide to help determine whether single-subject fMRI independent components (ICs) characterise structured noise or not. Manual identification of signal and noise after ICA decomposition is required for efficient data denoising: to train supervised algorithms, to check the results of unsupervised ones or to manually clean the data. In this paper we describe the main spatial and temporal features of ICs and provide general guidelines on how to evaluate these. Examples of signal and noise components are provided from a wide range of datasets (3T data, including examples from the UK Biobank and the Human Connectome Project, and 7T data), together with practical guidelines for their identification. Finally, we discuss how the data quality, data type and preprocessing can influence the characteristics of the ICs and present examples of particularly challenging datasets
A new and full, critical, biographical, and geographical history of Scotland containing the history of the succession of their kings from Robert Bruce, to the present time. With an impartial account of their constitution, genius, impartial account of their constitution, genius, manners, and customs. With a geographical description of the several counties... together with an appendix... and a map of each county in Scotland.
No full textAppendix missing.Errors in paging: p. 361 and 364 numbered 357 and 360 respectively.Lacks description of counties, appendix and maps.No more published.Closes with 1577.Mode of access: Internet
Targeting collaborative referencing in aphasia: evidence from a mixed methods treatment study
No full textThe current study integrates the distributed communication theory (Hengst, 2015) with the social philosophies of interventions for aphasia with the aim of investigating the communicative changes in four individuals with chronic aphasia and their clinician-partners during the study sessions (both during the treatment, and during probe conditions), as well as outside of the study sessions. Adopting an overarching interpretive case study design and an embedded multiple-probe single-case experimental design, this mixed methods study combines qualitative ethnographic methodologies (e.g., observations, interviews, patient-reports), discourse analysis procedures (e.g., collaborative referencing), and quantitative experimental methodologies (e.g., multiple-probes) to understand the different dimensions of the process and effects of treatment.
Data collection included 108 videotaped study sessions with 27 sessions completed by each of the four participant pairs that consisted of the following: (a) 2 pre-treatment sessions (b) 5 baseline sessions (c) 15 barrier treatment protocol (BTP; Hengst, Duff & Dettmer, 2010) sessions with 5 weekly treatment probes, and (d) 5 maintenance sessions. The baseline, treatment probe and maintenance sessions consisted of 2 dependent variables, a collaborative confrontation naming (CCN) probe of 12 personally relevant probe-cards per session, followed by a 10-minute conversation probe using the mediated discourse elicitation protocol (Hengst & Duff, 2007). Each BTP treatment session (i.e., independent variable) consisted of 6 trials of the collaborative referencing task, during which the client and clinician alternatively took turns to identify and match personally relevant treatment-cards to their numbered boards with a partial-barrier separating them. Two patient-reported outcome measures— communication confidence profile (Babbitt & Cherney, 2010), and conversation profile (Whitworth, Perkins & Lesser, 1997) were also administered during baseline, treatment probe and maintenance sessions. All the treatment sessions and conversation probes were transcribed and coded for discourse analysis. The CCN probes were scored by two independent raters using the adapted PICA scale (Porch Index of Communicative Ability; Porch, 1971); the conversation probes were analyzed for the changes in non-content conversational synchrony (Gupta, 2012) and content-conversational synchrony (e.g., Hengst et al., 2016).
Results from the analysis for collaborative referencing revealed that all four participant-pairs successfully completed the 15 barrier treatment protocol sessions, and the findings were consistent with the collaborative referencing model (Clark & Wilkes-Gibbs, 1986) in that, there was a high mean accuracy of card placement of 99.95%, with reduced collaborative effort across trials per card placement, and also with simplification of the initiating referencing expressions across trials and sessions. Extending beyond the model, we found a high number of repetitions of card labels with increased consistency in using agreed-upon labels across participant pairs supporting the findings from Hengst et al., (2010), which suggest that repeated engagement in collaborative referencing serves as the grounds for learning. Results from the analysis of the CCN probe revealed a positive treatment effect on naming with a Tau-U treatment effect size of 0.92 at p<0.0001, indicating a functional relation between the treatment and naming. Analysis of non-content and content conversational synchrony revealed variable results across participant-pairs and across sessions, indicating no functional relation between the treatment and conversational synchrony. Results from the two patient-reported outcome measures showed that there were reports of increased communication confidence and increased conversational participation in diverse activities and situations, indicating a positive impact of the treatment outside of the study sessions, in the everyday lives of the four participants.
Consistent with the previous literature on barrier treatment protocol, this study found successful collaborative referencing and verbal learning of references within treatment sessions in all four participant pairs. More strikingly, the results indicated that the treatment effects were generalized to a clinical naming task, and also that the patient reports indicated a significant impact of the treatment on the communicative lives of individuals with aphasia. This research highlights the use of communicative engagement as a therapy tool for aphasia, with clinical implications regarding both assessment and management of neurogenic communication disorders. They also point to the potential benefits of using patient-reported outcome measures and discourse analysis measures to design and study novel treatment approaches to better meet the real-life communication goals.Submission published under a 24 month embargo labeled 'U of I Access', the embargo will last until 2019-05-01The student, Suma Devanga, accepted the attached license on 2017-04-10 at 16:06.The student, Suma Devanga, submitted this Dissertation for approval on 2017-04-10 at 16:24.This Dissertation was approved for publication on 2017-04-11 at 09:19.DSpace SAF Submission Ingestion Package generated from Vireo submission #10687 on 2017-08-10 at 15:05:21Made available in DSpace on 2017-08-10T20:32:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 3
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Previous issue date: 2017-04-11Embargo set by: Colleen Fallaw for item 102737
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The conformal brane-scan: an update
No full textGeneralizing the "The Membrane at the End of the Universe", a 1987 paper
"Supersingletons" by Blencowe and the author conjectured the existence of BPS
p-brane configurations (p=2, 3, 4 ,5) and corresponding CFTs on the boundary of
anti-de Sitter space with symmetries appearing in Nahm's classification of
superconformal algebras: OSp(N|4)~N=8, 4, 2, 1; SU(2,2|N)~N= 4, 2, 1; F^2(4);
OSp(8^*|N), ~N=4, 2$. This correctly predicted the D3-brane with SU(2,2|4) on
AdS_5 x S^5 and the M5-brane with OSp(8^*|4) on AdS_7 x S^4, in addition to the
known M2-brane with OSp(8|4) on AdS_4 x S^7. However, finding non-singular AdS
solutions matching the other symmetries was less straightforward. Here we
perform a literature search and confirm that all of the empty slots have now
been filled, thanks to a number of extra ingredients including warped products
and massive Type IIA. Orbifolds, orientifolds and S-folds also play a part
providing examples not predicted: SU(2,2|3), OSp(3|4), OSp(5|4) and OSp(6|4)
but not OSp(7|4). We also examine the status of p=(0,1) configurations.Comment: 14 pages, minor corrections, added reference
Spatial parcellations, spectral filtering, and connectivity measures in fMRI: Optimizing for discrimination
No full textThe analysis of Functional Connectivity (FC) is a key technique of fMRI, having been used to distinguish brain states and conditions. While many approaches to calculating FC are available, there have been few assessments of their differences, making it difficult to choose approaches and compare results. Here, we assess the impact of methodological choices on discriminability, using a fully controlled dataset of continuous active states involving basic visual and motor tasks, providing robust localized FC changes. We tested a range of anatomical and functional parcellations, including the AAL atlas, parcellations derived from the Human Connectome Project and Independent Component Analysis (ICA) of many dimensionalities. We measure amplitude, covariance, correlation and regularized partial correlation under different temporal filtering choices. We evaluate features derived from these methods for discriminating states using MVPA. We find that multidimensional parcellations derived from functional data performed similarly, outperforming an anatomical atlas, with correlation and partial correlation (p<0.05, FDR). Partial correlation, with appropriate regularization, outperformed correlation. Amplitude and covariance generally discriminated less well, although gave good results with high-dimensionality ICA. We found that discriminative FC properties are frequency specific; higher frequencies performed surprisingly well under certain configurations of atlas choices and dependency measures, with ICA-based parcellations revealing greater discriminability at high frequencies compared to other parcellations. Methodological choices in FC analyses can have a profound impact on results and can be selected to optimize accuracy, interpretability, and sharing of results. This work contributes to a basis for consistent selection of approaches to estimating and analyzing FC
MVPA to enhance the study of rare cognitive events: an investigation of experimental PTSD
No full textMany cognitive processes are challenging to study due to their scarce occurrence. Here we demonstrate how pattern recognition and brain imaging can enhance the study of such processes by providing fast, sensitive, and non-intrusive detection of these events. This can enable efficient experimental and clinical intervention. We focus on the study of traumatic events producing flashbacks associated with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), using an experimental analogue of trauma (a traumatic film). These events are rare and challenging to reliably elicit in experimental settings. We show that a classifier can be built to predict, based upon brain response, which stimuli are likely to induce these rare flashbacks at the point of exposure. An ability to predict these stimuli makes possible the trialing of context-specific preventative clinical interventions. We present results from two independent datasets, outlining key analytic challenges. © 2014 IEEE
“Emblemes, Ancient and Moderne”: George Wither’s Collection of Emblemes (1635) as an epitome of a changing mode of literary expression
No full textExtrêmement répandus en Europe aux XVIe et XVIIe siècles, les emblèmes constituent un genre littéraire mixte qui allie gravures allégoriques et gloses poétiques pour faire naître le sens à travers une lecture simultanée des deux médias. Les emblèmes ont cependant existé sous de nombreuses formes différentes, et le genre emblématique demeure difficile à circonscrire avec précision. Nonobstant ces considérations, le recueil d’emblèmes du poète anglais George Wither constitue une illustration tout à fait unique du genre, à travers laquelle l’auteur témoigne des évolutions profondes que connaissent, à son époque, les considérations épistémologiques sur lesquelles se fondent les emblèmes. De plus, Wither met ses compositions bi-médiales au service d’un projet rhétorique complexe en y joignant un mécanisme étonnant et presque inédit : un jeu de loterie. À travers l’étude de ces éléments, nous tenterons de démontrer que l’œuvre de Wither atteste de la façon dont l’emblème est appréhendé durant la première moitié du XVIIe siècle, tout en présentant une façon nouvelle, ludique et interactive de lire un tel ouvrage.Emblems were commonplace in the 16th and 17th centuries. They comprise allegorical engravings and poetic comments, and signify through the particular interaction of both. Widely different types, modes of composition, and aims coexisted however, and the genre therefore still resists systematisation. Even so, George Wither’s emblem book is a unique experiment in emblematic discourse, as the author testifies to its rapidly changing epistemological foundation and makes it subservient to a multi-layered rhetorical purpose by appending to his emblems a remarkable and almost unique feature: a lottery game. By examining these elements, we shall seek to demonstrate that Wither’s work epitomises the state of the emblem in the early seventeenth century, but also transcends and reimagines the genre as a new, interactive, and playful reading experience
Revised and enlarged copy of Lancaster - old and new; an address delivered before the Lancaster board of trade, January 9, 1902, by James D. Law...
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