1,720,958 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Safety of Autonomous Cognitive-oriented Robots
No full textService robots shall very soon autonomously provide services in all spheres of life by executing demanding and complex tasks in dynamic, complex environments and by collaborating with human users. In order to push forward the understanding of the safety problem a novel classification of robot hazards is provided. The so-called object interaction hazards are derived which arise when environment objects interact with objects that are manipulated by a robot. Taking into account the current state-of-the-art, it can be stated that this denotes a novel problem area. However, it is already proposed the so-called dynamic risk assessment approach, which shall enable the robot to perceive the risk of current and upcoming situations. In order to realize such a risk-aware planning system for the first time, dynamic risk assessment is integrated within a cognitive architecture serving cognitive functions like anticipation, planning and learning. In this connection, action spaces (sets of possible upcoming situations) are dynamically anticipated assessed with regard to comprised risks. Though, (initial) knowledge about hazards is required in order to realize this. Therefore, a novel procedural model is developed for systematically generating a safety knowledge base. However, it can be assumed that the safety knowledge potentially lacks completeness. The application of AI-based approaches constitutes a noteworthy opportunity. For this reason, light is shed on strategically influential learning methods in safety-critical contexts.
Finally, this work describes the generation, integration, utilization, and maintenance of a system-internal safety knowledge base for dynamic risk assessment. It denotes an overall concept toward solving the advanced safety problem and confirms in principle the realization of a safe behavior of autonomous and intelligent systems.Sicherheit autonomer kognitivorientierter Roboter
Autonome mobile Serviceroboter sollen zukünftig selbstständig Dienstleistungen in allen Lebensbereichen erbringen, auch in direkter Nähe zum Menschen. Um das Verständnis für Sicherheit in der Robotik zu erwei-tern, wird zunächst eine neue Klassifizierung der möglichen Gefahren vorgenommen. Hiervon wird die Klasse der Objektinteraktionsgefahren abgeleitet. Diese Gefahren entstehen, wenn Objekte der Umgebung mit denen interagieren, die der Roboter greift und transportiert. In Anbetracht des aktuellen Standes der Sicherheits-technik in der Robotik wird klar, dass sich hier ein neues Problemfeld auftut. Grundsätzlich wurde bereits ein dynamischer Risikountersuchungsansatz vorgeschlagen, welcher den Roboter selbst befähigen soll, Situatio-nen hinsichtlich möglicher Gefahren zu untersuchen. Um dadurch eine risikobewusste Handlungsplanung erstmals zu realisieren, wird dieser in eine kognitive Architektur integriert, um kognitive Funktionen, wie Anti-zipation, Planen und Lernen zu nutzen. Hierbei werden mögliche Handlungsräume dynamisch antizipiert und mittels dynamischer Risikoanalyse auf mögliche Gefahren untersucht. Um (Objektinteraktions-) Gefahren mit Hilfe der dynamischer Risikountersuchung bestimmen zu können, bedarf es eines (initialen) Wissens über mögliche Gefahren. Aus diesem Grund wird ein Vorgehensmodell zur systematischen Erzeugung einer solchen Sicherheitswissensbasis entwickelt. Dieses Sicherheitswissen ist jedoch potentiell unvollständig. Daher stellt die Erweiterung und Verfeinerung desselben eine Notwendigkeit dar. Hierbei können die Ansätze aus dem Bereich der künstlichen Intelligenz als nützliche Möglichkeit wahrgenommen werden. Daher werden strate-gisch wichtige Lernmethoden hinsichtlich der Anwendung in einem sicherheitskritischen Kontext untersucht.
Die vorliegende Arbeit beschreibt die Erzeugung, die Integration, die Verwendung und die Aufrechterhaltung einer systeminternen Sicherheitswissensbasis zum Zwecke der dynamischen Risikountersuchung. Sie stellt hierbei ein Gesamtkonzept dar, dass zur Lösung des erweiterten Sicherheitsproblems beiträgt und somit die prinzipielle Realisierung des sicheren Betriebs von autonomen und intelligenten bestätigt
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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