1,720,971 research outputs found
Board of Directors, Top Management Team and the Developmentof Academic Spin-Off Companies
Get PDFThis dissertation addresses the under-studied area of the role of the top management team (TMT) and board of directors in the development of academic spin-off companies (ASOs) originating from public research institutes. ASO research receives growing attention internationally following the rise in commercialization activities in the vast majority of universities. The studies identify the barriers to and facilitators of ASO formation and growth, which are related to faculty attributes and incentives, university technology transfer policies and practices, and the external environment. Few studies examine the founding team demonstrating that it evolves in to a TMT and board during legal incorporation and that the TMT heterogeneity has significant performance consequences. Even fewer studies investigate the board in ASOs. This is surprising since well-networked outside directors may contribute to ASO development by increasing a firm’s legitimacy and thus reducing liabilities of newness and providing access to critical external resources that young ASOs need to survive.
In this dissertation I therefore contribute by addressing this research gap and I explore the board formation and changes in board composition and try to relate these changes to the development stages of an ASO. Given limited prior research on board dynamics I employ an inductive multiple case research design. I also examine the role of the board in accessing needed external managerial resources and how the board and TMT themselves can be valuable resources that help an ASO to achieve the important entrepreneurial milestone of acquiring venture capital. For these studies the data on 135 ASOs in Norway are collected and analyzed using logistic regression.
I find that the dynamics of the development stages in an ASO is related to the dynamics of its board. In successful ASOs the board contribution is dynamic. The board chair’s social networks seem to be essential when attracting key members to the board of an ASO. Key board members bring in needed resources that the TMT lacks, ranging from finance and industry experience in earlier stages to executive and marketing/sales experience in later development stages. Thus, they help an ASO to prove a venture’s viability and approach a stage of sustainable returns. Board size and networking appear to be important when recruiting new TMT members with necessary competences who open for new growth opportunities. ASOs that have value adding boards and TMT members with diverse functional and industry backgrounds succeed in recruiting new team members and acquiring venture capital. The likelihood of attracting venture capital increases if ASOs have previously managed to receive seed capital and support from industrial partners.PhD i industriell økonomi og teknologiledelsePhD in Industrial Economics and Technology Managemen
Unraveling the black box of new venture team processes
No full textThis chapter argues that new venture team (NVT) processes are relatively ill-understood in the entrepreneurship literature, and describes various theoretical and empirical research avenues that may be pursued in order to improve our understanding of these processes. It then focuses on the widely established input-processes-outcome (IPO) framework. This framework has long been used within the field of organizational behavior as it seeks to understand group performance and other group-level outcomes as the consequence of the inputs and processes that precede them. Building upon the foundations of Entrepreneurial Theorizing, the chapter argues how and when specific theories such as faultline theory, creativity and imagination, and organizational and team justice may be instructive in studying NVT processes at the prefounding phase, and particularly the (self)-selection of individuals into (out of) the NVT through social interaction. Faultlines hold great potential for understanding NVT processes both in the prefounding and postfounding phases
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Entrepreneurial capital: the emerging venture's most important asset and competitive advantage
No full textVariations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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