126,784 research outputs found
Modelling HIV epidemics in the antiretroviral era: the UNAIDS Estimation and Projection package 2009.
No full textOBJECTIVE: The UNAIDS Estimation and Projection Package (EPP) is a tool for country-level estimation and short-term projection of HIV/AIDS epidemics based on fitting observed HIV surveillance data on prevalence. This paper describes the adaptations made in EPP 2009, the latest version of this tool, as new issues have arisen in the global response, in particular the global expansion of antiretroviral therapy (ART). RESULTS: By December 2008 over 4 million people globally were receiving ART, substantially improving their survival. EPP 2009 required modifications to correctly adjust for the effects of ART on incidence and the resulting increases in HIV prevalence in populations with high ART coverage. Because changing incidence is a better indicator of program impact, the 2009 series of UNAIDS tools also focuses on calculating incidence alongside prevalence. Other changes made in EPP 2009 include: an improved procedure, incremental mixture importance sampling, for efficiently generating more accurate uncertainty estimates; provisions to vary the urban/rural population ratios in generalised epidemics over time; introduction of a modified epidemic model that accommodates behaviour change in low incidence settings; and improved procedures for calibrating models. This paper describes these changes in detail, and discusses anticipated future changes in the next version of EPP
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Jeanne Caron, Lettres de Frédéric Ozanam, Premières années à la Sorbonne, 1841-1844 (Edition critique. Préface de J.-B. Duroselle), 1971
No full textEpp René. Jeanne Caron, Lettres de Frédéric Ozanam, Premières années à la Sorbonne, 1841-1844 (Edition critique. Préface de J.-B. Duroselle), 1971. In: Revue des Sciences Religieuses, tome 49, fascicule 4, 1975. pp. 364-365
Ritter Von Epp.
No full textNegative of an art work depicting a portrait of Ritter Von Epp. Govt. Collection # G.O.2.127.50. Oil on canvas (wood frame with glass), 40 x 31. By B. Kaiser, 1920.The dimensions according to the list by the Army Art Collection of the U.S. Army Center of Military History are 32 x 23.7/8
Ritter Von Epp.
No full textNegative of an art work depicting a portrait of Ritter Von Epp. Govt. Collection # G.O.2.140.50. Data: Oil on canvas, 27 x 38. By B. Kaiser, 1920.The dimensions according to the list by the Army Art Collection of the U.S. Army Center of Military History are 37.75 x 27.75
B physics with ATLAS and CMS
No full textThe B-physics programs of the ATLAS and CMS collaborations cover a wide range of the different periods at the LHC. The expected bb(bar) cross-section allows high precision measurements as a test of the Standard Model and perform B-physics searches to provide information on new physics phenomena from B-decays. Due to the robust muon and di-muon triggers all kind of interesting B-events will be collecte
Changing EPP parameters
No full textThis chapter starts with a description of the core facts concerning the VPAux/AuxVP alternation in the history of Latin. In the case of modal verbs and infinitives, there is a clear decline of the head-final order VPAux, whereas Late Latin BE-periphrases surprisingly prefer this order. Against the backdrop of these observations, the discussion then turns to the analysis of Classical and Late Latin clause structure. It is proposed that during the transition from Classical to Late Latin, a major parametric change took place related to the way the clausal EPP-requirement is satisfied. In the earlier grammar (‘Grammar A’), the entire VP undergoes A-movement to the high T-domain, resulting in the characteristic VPAux word order. In the later grammar (‘Grammar B’) the EPP-requirement is met by means of verb movement, with the VP staying in situ. In this grammar VPAux-orders are derived through roll-up movement, which is incompatible with the VOAux-pattern.</p
First record of Drosophila suzukii in the areas of the Republic of Cyprus not under the effective control of the government of the Republic of Cyprus
No full textIn this paper, the authors report the first record of Drosophila suzukii Matsumura (Diptera: Drosophilidae) in the areas of the Republic of Cyprus not under the effective control of the government of the Republic of Cyprus. This pest was found in September 2016 on Prunus armeniaca L. in Morfou and identification of the pest was carried out by the first author. © 2018 The Authors. Journal compilation © 2018 OEPP/EPP
Extra-pair paternity (EPP) promotes cooperative anti-predator defence.
No full text<p>Males trade-off paternal care and cooperative predator defence. (A) As EPP increases, males cooperate more because costs of reduced paternal care affect only within-pair young whereas cooperative defence protects all offspring. (group size = 5; = 1.0 of which egg investment = 0.3; see <a href="http://www.plosone.org/article/info:doi/10.1371/journal.pone.0099878#pone-0099878-t001" target="_blank">Table 1</a> for other parameters). (B) Fitness landscape as a function of neighbourhood size and male cooperative investment. With no EPP the evolutionary outcome is solitary breeding with no cooperation (lower left corner). EPP increases along the black line (dots mark each 10%). Short-lived species reach the cooperative solution (white circle) for high EPP levels.</p
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