1,721,013 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Challenges and opportunities of a mucosal platform for nasal vaccination
No full textInternational audienceChallenges and opportunities of a mucosal platform for nasal vaccinationCurrent vaccines against ongoing and emerging diseases allow a certain level of protection notably against severe forms of diseases. However, their effectiveness remains limited in many aspects: effectiveness often reduced against strains or variants, weak effect on reducing transmission between individuals, duration of protection often shorter than natural infection. To overcome these shortcomings, mucosal vaccination represents the best solution for both scientists and politicians (WHO). Indeed, vaccine administration by mucosal route is the only one capable of inducing the local immune system response, capable of blocking pathogens as soon as they enter. By stopping their dissemination in the body, this makes it possible to limit carriage and contagiousness, and in doing so, it reduces the risk of appearance of new variants. Thus, the race for mucosal vaccination, particularly respiratory, has accelerated sharply following the Covid-19 pandemic and represents a major challenge in terms of health on a worldwide scale. However, mucosal vaccination is a challenge where the transition from preclinical to clinical is often strewn with pitfalls and disappointments. Several key factors are obstacles to the success of vaccination by the mucosal route, namely obtaining a protective vaccine against even symptomatic forms of the disease, blocking inter-individual transmission (contagiousness) and finally maintaining this efficacy against multiple strains or variant of the same virus.Our research team (BioMAP laboratory, Joint University-INRAE ISP 1282 research unit), led by Professor Isabelle Dimier-Poisson, has recognized experience in immunology and mucosal vaccination. Based on our expertise, we have worked on an innovative mucosal vaccine platform strategy, carried by our start-up LoValTech, in order to deal with its multiple specificities. Our vaccine first vaccine candidate, anti-Covid-19 is based on three innovations:- The antigen: target of the virus, it represent the heart of the vaccine. It is an original fusion protein, designed in our laboratory, composed of the now famous Spike (S) protein associated with another protein of the virus, the Nucleoprotein (N). This fusion strategy allows our vaccine to maintain its efficacy against different variants since it targets some conserved parts of the virus, whatever the [variations of the S protein](https://theconversation.com/how-new-Covid-19-variants-emerge-natural-selection-and-the-evolution-of-sars-cov-2-176030).- To optimize the activation of the mucosal immune response, our antigen is wrapped in "nano-carriers". These nano-carriers are solely composed of sugar polymeric molecules, able to confer original properties of adhesion to the mucous membrane allowing an optimal administration of our protein. In this manner there is no need for adjuvant (likely to create inflammation), thus reducing the risk of side effects.- Finally, the last key element, a dedicated delivery system, or spray, capable of effectively depositing our vaccine in the nasal cavity, precisely at the level of the areas containing the mucosal immune cells
Caractérisation biochimique de la variabilité des populations du puceron pois : Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris)
No full text*INRA, Laboratoire de zoologie, 86600 Lusignan (FRA) Diffusion du document : INRA, Laboratoire de zoologie, 86600 Lusignan (FRA) Diplôme : Maîtris
Caractérisation biochimique de la variabilité des populations du puceron pois : Acyrthosiphon pisum (Harris)
No full text*INRA, Laboratoire de zoologie, 86600 Lusignan (FRA) Diffusion du document : INRA, Laboratoire de zoologie, 86600 Lusignan (FRA) Diplôme : Maîtris
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Challenges and Opportunities of a Mucosal Platform for Nasal Vaccination
No full textInternational audienc
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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