29 research outputs found
The Early Acquisition of Verb Constructions in Albanian: Evidence from Children’s Verb Use in Experimental Contexts
No full textAbstract
One of the wonders of human development is children’s symbolic capacity to generate language that goes beyond the input received. The present study examines this developmental process with special focus on language typological factors. More specifically, it examines 2-and 3-year-old Albanian-speaking children’s ability to acquire transitive and intransitive constructions in an experimental context. Thirty 2- and 3-year old Albanian-speaking children divided into two age cohorts were trained and then tested using an elicited production task based on the novel verb paradigm. Findings reveal that Albanian-speaking children are precocious in their productivity with transitive and intransitive verb constructions. In contrast to much prior research on English-speaking children, results revealed that most Albanian-speaking children were able to productively use familiar and novel verbs in both transitive and intransitive constructions, regardless of age and whether they heard the novel verbs modeled in verb constructions tested. It is argued that languages with explicit markings for agent- patient relations facilitate an earlier onset of productivity than word-order languages like English. Additionally, results suggest that children’s capacity to diversely use familiar verbs affects the developmental process of acquiring new verbs including those used in novel verb experiments. Discussion focuses on the importance of using naturalistic experimental designs to construct a more comprehensive view of the process by which children acquire verb constructions and also considers the implications of the cross-linguistic findings for developmental theories of language acquisition.</jats:p
Review Essay: Weaving Sociocultural Change and Cognitive Development Together
No full textIn her book Weaving Generations Together, Patricia Greenfield presents an account of the nature and course of human development that suggests a tight relationship with sociocultural change. During two extensive stays in the Zinacantec Mayan hamlet of Nabenchauk, Mexico, in 1969–70 and 1991, Greenfield studied weaving, the typical activity of Mayan women, and developed a long-term project spanning two generations of Zinacantec mothers teaching their daughters how to weave.
The results of this project are documented in the book, initially developed as a catalog for a museum exhibition; as well as in multiple scientific reports by the author and her collaborators (e.g., Childs &
Greenfield, 1980; Greenfield, 2000; Greenfield, Maynard, & Childs, 2000; Maynard & Greenfield, 2003; Maynard, Greenfield, & Childs, 1999). Relying on empirical data accompanied by beautiful photographic
work by Lauren Greenfield, the book selects the following foci for study: the ontogenesis of weaving as a product of biology and culture; the transformations in weaving apprenticeship and in the cognitive
and creative processes involved in it between 1969–70 and 1991; and the role of sociocultural change in these transformations.UCR::Vicerrectoría de Investigación::Unidades de Investigación::Ciencias Sociales::Instituto de Investigaciones Psicológicas (IIP
THE ROLE OF ACADEMIC SUPPORT SERVICES IN ENSURING STUDENT SUCCESS AND WELL-BEING: A CASE STUDY IN THE ALBANIAN HIGHER EDUCATION CONTEXT
No full textPolarimetry of the transient relativistic jet of GRB 110328/Swift J164449.3+573451
No full textWe present deep infrared (Ks-band) imaging polarimetry and radio (1.4- and 4.8-GHz) polarimetry of the enigmatic transient Swift J164449.3+573451. This source appears to be a short-lived jet phenomenon in a galaxy at redshift z= 0.354, activated by a sudden mass accretion on to the central massive black hole, possibly caused by the tidal disruption of a star. We aim to find evidence for this scenario through linear polarimetry, as linear polarization is a sensitive probe of jet physics, source geometry and the various mechanisms giving rise to the observed radiation. We find a formal Ks-band polarization measurement of Plin= 7.4 ± 3.5 per cent (including systematic errors). Our radio observations show continuing brightening of the source, which allows sensitive searches for linear polarization as a function of time. We find no evidence of linear polarization at radio wavelengths of 1.4 and 4.8 GHz at any epoch, with the most sensitive 3σ limits as deep as 2.1 per cent. These upper limits are in agreement with expectations from scenarios in which the radio emission is produced by the interaction of a relativistic jet with a dense circumsource medium. We further demonstrate how polarization properties can be used to derive properties of the jet in Swift J164449.3+573451, exploiting the similarities between this source and the afterglows of gamma-ray bursts
Gender differences in case fatality rates of acute myocardial infarction in Serbia
No full textWe sought to investigate sex differences in clinical characteristics, treatment and in in-hospital mortality in patients admitted with ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) in Serbia. From October 2010 to September 2013, a total of 2348 patients have been hospitalized and received medical treatment for STEMI in 19 hospitals, referring data to the International Survey of Acute Coronary Syndromes in Transitional Countries (ISACS-TC) registry. There were 773 women and 1575 men. Women were older than man, with a higher prevalence of family history of coronary artery disease, hypertension, and diabetes. They were less likely to be smokers and more likely to have a prior angina and history of heart failure. Fewer women than men presented within 2 h from symptom onset (P = 0.005). They presented more with Killip class ≥2 than men (P = 0.004). A significantly lower proportion of women was treated with aspirin (91.3% vs 94.3%, P = 0.007), clopidogrel (88% vs. 91%, P = 0.02), heparins (61.6% vs. 66.5%, P = 0.01) and primary percutaneous coronary interventions (62.1% vs. 69.7%, P < 0.001). The in-hospital mortality was significantly higher for women than for men (13.2% vs. 6.4%, P < 0.001). After adjustment for any confounders, women showed an increased risk of in-hospital mortality (odds ratio: 1.97, 95% confidence interval: 1.28-3.01, P = 0.002). Several factors contribute to the excess in-hospital case fatality rates in Serbian women. Most notably disparities in medical treatment appear to play a crucial role. © 2013 Published on behalf of the European Society of Cardiology. All rights reserved. © The Author 2013
Relationship between Azithromycin and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Unvaccinated Patients With COVID-19 and Preexisting Cardiovascular Disease (vol 12, e028939, 2023)
No full textIn the article by Maria Bergami et al, “Relationship Between Azithromycin and Cardiovascular Outcomes in Unvaccinated Patients With COVID-19 and Preexisting Cardiovascular Disease,” which published online July 14, 2023 (J Am Heart Assoc. 2023;12:e028939. DOI: 10.1161/JAHA.122.028939) and appeared in the July 18, 2023 issue of the journal, a correction was needed. The incorrect academic degree was provided for author Natalia Fabin. The author’s degree has been corrected as follows: Natalia Fabin, MD. The authors regret the error. The correction has been made to the current online version of the article, which is available here: https://www. ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/JAHA.122.028939
Clinical profile of patients with no-reperfusion therapy in Bosnia and Herzegovina and Serbia
No full textThere is little information about coronary reperfusion therapy patterns in patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) in the former federal states of Yugoslavia. The objective of this study was to evaluate the clinical profile and mortality of patients who were hospitalized with a diagnosis of STEMI, but did not receive reperfusion therapy in Bosnia and Herzegovina and Serbia. This was an observational study using registry data from the International Survey of Acute Coronary Syndromes in Transitional Countries (ISACS-TC; ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT01218776) on 633 STEMI patients admitted to 14 hospitals in Bosnia and Herzegovina (both Republic Srpska and Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina) and Serbia from October 2012 to September 2013. Of these, 61 (9.6%) received fibrinolytic therapy (Group A), almost exclusively with streptokinase (79.3%), 402 (63.5%) underwent primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI; Group B), and 170 (26.9%) received no-reperfusion therapy (Group C). In Groups A, B, and C, mean age was 60.3, 60.5, and 69.1 years, respectively. Patients in Group C were more likely to present after 12 h from symptoms onset (61.3 vs. 13.6% in Group A, and 13.4% in Group B). After adjustment for risk factors and clinical presentation, female sex, age, diabetes, prior MI, and symptom onset-to-presentation time after 12 h were all independent variables associated with no-reperfusion therapy. There was a significantly reduced in-hospital mortality in patients who received reperfusion therapy with fibrinolysis or primary PCI (odds ratio: 0.27, 95% confidence interval: 0.09-0.76, P = 0.01). The majority of STEMI patients from Bosnia and Herzegovina and Serbia undergo reperfusion therapy with fibrinolysis or primary PCI. More than one-fourth of the patients do not received any reperfusion therapy. Reperfusion therapies are applied to relatively lower risk patients. More elderly and diabetics should be considered for such strategies. © 2013 Published on behalf of the European Society of Cardiology. All rights reserved. © The Author 2013
Be Careful Where You Smile : Culture Shapes Judgments of Intelligence and Honesty of Smiling Individuals
No full textWe thank all the supporting team-members involved in the translation procedures and data collections. Research was supported by the Polish NCN Grant 2011/03/N/HS6/05112 (K.K.) and Chinese NNSF Grant 31200788 (C.X).Peer reviewe
