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Manusia sempurna dalam pandangan Seyyed Hossein Nasr dan relevansinya dengan modernitas
Get PDFManusia pada dasarnya merupakan mahluk theo-echomorphism karena dua sifat eksistensinya. pertama eksistensi berupa Dzat-dzat Tuhan atau Devine Assence, dan yang ke dua eksistensi berupa sifat-sifat ke-alaman atau universal essence. Menurut Seyyed Hossein Nasr manusia dengan eksistensi yang demikian disebut sebagai manusia yang sejati karena dengan eksistensinya itu manusia telah menjadi manusia yang sesungguhnya atau humanized human. Humanized human dalam banyak ungkapan yang sering dikemukakan oleh Nasr disebut manusia sempurna. Tetapi dunia modern menuntun manusia melupakan eksistensinya itu sehingga hakekat kesempurnaannya memudar bahkan menghilang. Hilangnya eksistensi yang bersubstansi ketuhanan dan ke-alaman semakin menyeruak tajam ketika konsep eksistensi dalam aliran eksistensialisme Barat modern berhasil membentuk poros baru tentang eksistensi manusia yang justru menghilangkan esensi ketuhanan dan kealaman tersebut. Menurut aliran ini eksistensi mendahului esensi existence preceeded essence sehingga eksistensi tidak beresensi. Akibatnya manusia dengan tipikal eksistensi demikian membangun masa depannya, menentukan nasib dirinya, alamnya, tanpa bantuan siapapun karena urusan esensi pada eksistensinya diserahkan sepenuhnya kepada kehendak manusia itu sendiri sehingga manusia tidak sempurna lagi.
Penelitian ini hendak menjawab bagaimana konstruksi eksistensi manusia menurut Seyyed Hossein Nasr? Bagaimanakah hakekat manusia sempurna itu? dan bagaimana manusia sempurna itu hidup di dunia modern?.
Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian pustaka library research yang menjadikan karya-karya Seyyed Hossein Nasr sebagai referensi utama untuk memperoleh data-data penelitian. Dengan cara menafsir secara hermeneutis data-data tersebut diolah untuk memperoleh kesimpulan yang komprehensif dan mendalam.
Dalam penelitian ini penulis menemukan bahwa eksistensi manusia yang beresensi ke Tuhanan dan kealaman merupakan suatu bentuk eksistensi manusia sempurna yang relevan dengan dunia modern. Karena pada dasarnya krisis modernitas sebagian besarnya akibat kelalaian manusia dan di antara bentuk kelalaianya adalah melupakan eksistensinya yang bersubstansi tersebut. Memang, gagasan eksistensialisme Barat modern ikut meramaikan wacana tentang eksistensi manusia, tetapi hasil kreasi berfikir filosofis aliran filsafat ini justru melahirkan eksistensi manusia yang tidak bersubstansi dan beresensi.
Untuk itu manusia modern harus kembali lahir dengan kesadaran eksistensialnya yang berdemensi ketuhanan dan kealaman sekaligus. Karena hanya manusia dengan eksistensinya yang demikian mampu merepresentasikan diri sebagai mahluk yang dicipta dengan tujuan khusus sesuai dengan maksud ditanamkanya dzat-dzat ketuhanan dan kealaman tersebut. Yaitu untuk menjadi hamba abdullah dan menjadi khalifatullah di Bumi yang bertugas mengawal dan menjaga bumi tetap sejahtera. Nasr menyebut manusia pasif ketika sebagai hamba dan aktif ketika sebagai khalifah.
ABSTRACT:
Academic investigation of the research is to clarify the concept of insan kamil of Nasr’s thought that is risen as many terms. By means library research the author of this work is exploring the narrated dates finding in many books of Nasr. And conducting the heuristic and hermeneutic way of interpretation the author will aspecially interprate the data collecting from books. The final answer is explaining that first thing to be insan kamil is to being awareness of the state of human before god. Human being is basically has two function as abdun and khalifah. Secondly, by mean of khalifah human being is conducting their self to be perfect man.
About human according to Nasr is not organically structured creatures that are containing to material in nature. But it is an integral structure between the soul that is materialized and physicalized in nature too. The relationship between the both is in the sacral sequence that Nasr calls the divine dimension of devine essence. Human existence is in the form of a series of systems that God has given essence. In contrast to the existentialism that developed in the West that human beings exist in the absence of their essence so that humans have the right to determine their essence. In this context, human beings are truly subject and the individual is aware of what he is about to do. But the drive for consciousness without being accompanied by awareness of human security faces danger in his life. Because human will can be out of control. This is according to in line with the forgetful nature of humanity. Nasr called it al-gaflah. Humans become the worst of creatures in the entire universe because they have forgotten the primordial basics which are divine. By the nature of forgetfulness, humans actually become careless and negligent. While neglect is itself a form of great sin that must be avoided. The line of human destiny God created to overcome the forgetfulness of nature so that humans really become God's best creation. For this reason, humans are positioned by Allah as a servant and as a caliph.
The world of modernity is a world that has forgotten the dimensions mentioned above. The concepts of humanism and anthropocentrism have mistakenly placed man at the center of the universe. Central being referred to in the strands of understanding western humanism is human's superpower. With this concept humans become arrogant and arrogant. This is especially according to Nasr shown how humans behave towards nature and the environment. Humanism does not come just as a concept but it is a derivative of the concept of materialism that is carried by the positive Western modern sciences. In order to bridge this materialistic human notion Nasr echoes the integral humanity between body and soul and spirit as a whole. With its integration, humans are able to be perfect. And the perfection is expressed in two human functions, namely as the caliph and as a servant
Tradisi dan Modernitas Perspektif Seyyed Hossein Nasr
No full textThis article is intended to scrutinize Seyyed Hosssein Nasr’s thought about the negative dimensions of modernity and put it into the problems of the world where the idea of materialism ends due to greed of modern people. Nasr’s aim is actually to save humanity from destructive elements of modernity due to the idea of materialism, although the traditional-ism project that he proposed has still looked for a momentum within human consciousness and that is not to neglect the sacred matter in under-standing their world. In a reflection of his traditionalism, Nasr presupposes the creation of a progressive world presented with self-awareness to the existence of the Absolute and the Infallible. Nasr believes that modern people could live with their idea of perennial philosophy that connects everything in this world into the realm of the sacred. Benefits of modernity, according to Nasr, will be tarnished if people deny every sacred matter.</p
INTEGRASI TRADISIONALISME DAN AGENDA BERKELANJUTAN UNTUK MENANGGULAGNI KRISIS LINGKUNGAN
Get PDFThe earth is currently experiencing degradation that has a negative impact on human survival so that the condition of the earth as described by Seyyed Hossein Nasr is bleeding to endure the pain caused by human actions. This study uses library research methods, is the process of conducting research involving the collection and evaluation of data from textual sources, including books, journals, articles, papers, and other library materials related to the environmental crisis. The result of this study is that the ecological crisis in a long discussion of environmentalists was triggered by the view of anthropocentrism which gave birth to an attitude of human superiority. At this point, humans consider the earth and the environment as the number two created creature whose function is to meet human needs. Â
FUNGSI KEARIFAN LOKAL DALAM MENANGGULANGI FUNDAMETALISME BERAGAMA DI MADURA
Get PDFAbstractThis research examines the role of local wisdom in strengthening the ethnic attitudes of the Madurese people which is used as one of the efforts to overcome religious fundamentalism. By using descriptive qualitative methods, this study answers two formulations of the problem, namely how the tanean rokat is implemented and what are the religious and cultural elements and how the tanean rokat has a role in forming a strong ethnic attitude that is able to dispel fundamentalism in religion so that it is concluded that the tanean rokat with the symbols contained in it and accompanied by the role of the figure "keh" is an important media that encourage Madurese people to be wise and wise in responding to cultural changes that infiltrate through the Islamic religious movement of fundamentalism
Gender Reform in Pesantren Leadership in Madura: From Patriarchal Domination to Matriarchy
No full textPesantren in Madura traditionally have a patriarchal leadership structure, where men, especially kiai, dominate leadership and decision-making positions. However, along with social change and increased awareness of gender equality, there has been a paradigm shift towards the inclusion and empowerment of women in pesantren leadership. This study aims to understand and analyze the stages of patriarchy to matriarchy change in Madurese boarding schools, to understand and analyze the paradigm shift in determining leaders in Madurese boarding schools, and to analyze the supporting and inhibiting factors in the practice of matriarchy in Madurese boarding schools. This research is a descriptive qualitative research with a case study research type. The data collection techniques used observation, interview and documentation techniques. While the data analysis uses data reduction, data presentation and conclusion drawing. The results of this study are that the stages of changing patriarchy to matriarchy in madura Islamic boarding schools go through the initiation stage, adaptation stage and implementation stage. As for the paradigm shift in determining leaders in Madurese boarding schools with increased access to education, gender awareness, the influence of globalization and socio-cultural dynamics. While the supporting factors in the practice of matriarchy are through massive education, an increase in women's education, the dynamics of internal pesantren problems and inhibiting factors due to resistance from conservative groups, gender bias and gender stereotypes
PENINGKATAN PEREKONOMIAN DESA MELALUI PROMOSI PENJUALAN KERUPUK SANGRAI DI DUSUN BANGLAYAR DESA TENTENAN BARAT KECAMATAN LARANGAN KABUPATEN PAMEKASAN
Get PDFMentoring can be understood as a community empowerment activity by placing escorts as facilitators, communicators, motivators and dynamators. Basically, mentoring is an effort to include the community in developing various potentials so as to achieve a better quality of life. In addition, it is directed to facilitate decision-making processes related to the needs of the community, build the ability to increase revenue, carry out business-scale business and develop planning and implementation of participatory activities. Society grows and develops as a whole family. The head of the family and his family members are the drivers and triggers of business progress. This principle requires chaperones to empower all family members to participate in increasing income and welfare. Groups in society grow and develop on the basis of their willingness and ability to learn for themselves what they need and what they will develop, including efforts to change their livelihoods and lives. Groups grow out of, by and for the benefit of society. In addition to its own group members, cooperation is also developed between the group and other partners so that their business develops, increases income and welfare and is able to form economic institutions. Roast food is one of the assets in the village of West Tentenan Pamekasan. Where this food is different from the rest of the krupuk. By cooking through the sand so that it tastes different from the usual food
Dimensions of Divine Love Perspective of Rabi'ah Al-’Adawiyyah and Jalal Al-Din Al-Rumi
Get PDFThis research discusses the dimensions of divine love according to Rabi’ah Al-’Adawiyyah and Jalal Al-Din Al-Rumi. The main focus of this research is to understand and compare the dimensions of divine love according to the two figures, which is seen as the highest expression of the human relationship with God. The research method used is qualitative, with the type of library research (literature study), descriptive, interpretative, and comparative analysis. The results showed that according to Rabi’ah Al-’Adawiyyah love is pure without reciprocation and sincere love without being accompanied by reasons, for him love is the perfect form of devotion. Whereas according to Jalal Al-Din Al-Rumi he argues that the first thing God created was love because it is with the assistance of love that everything on this earth can run and move with good harmony. The similarity of the dimensions of divine love according to both of them is that they agree that love is the core of human relations with God. And the difference for Rabi'ah Al-'Adawiyyah, love is the highest form of total submission, while for Jalal Al-Din Al-Rumi, love is a universal force that encourages all creation to unite with God
Konsep manusia sempurna Mulla sadra dan fridriech william Nietzche
Get PDFABSTRAKGagasan manusia sempurna sudah menjadi sebuah perdebatan di awal perkembangan zaman dalam hal ini ketika dalam sebuah zaman yang penuh dengan tatanan dan bentuk perbedaan pemikiran islampun mulai memasuki ranah dan sejak saat itulah, orang orang di dalam nya terbelah menjadi beberapa bagian, dimulai dari pemahaman manusia sempurna sebagai sosok mandiri tanpa ada orang lain yang membantu, selanjutnya manusia sempurna sebagai sosok yang mempunyai kedudukan di atas ketika mampu mencapai proses pembersihan yang berkaitan dengan pemahan yang di gaungkan oleh pemikiran kaum sufisme. Dan pada zamanya ibnu arabi sebagai juru kunci. dan selanjutnya sudut pandang dalam memamahi sesuatu sebagai puncak pada proses berfikir manusia. Dan hal itu di dapatkan melalui pertimbangan yang di ambil dari pemikiran yang aktif itu sendiri. (al-‘aqlal-fa‘al). Kelompok ini telah di akhiri oleh para tokoh filsuf muslim, Mulla Sadra merupakan seorang pemikir muslim dimana telah memecahkan masalah klasik yang terdapat pada filsafat islam. Dan beliau juga mempertemukan kedua filsafat terkemuka di antaranya filsafat islam dengan filsafat agama yang menggabungkan keduanya sebagai pemikiran yang indah dan mudah untuk di mengerti.Dengan menggagas teori-teori baru mengenai wujud, geraksubstansial, kesatuan aqil dan ma‘qul, serta beberapa teori lain yang membuatnya menjadi salah satu pemikir Muslim paling orijinal pada periodepasca Ibnu Rusyddan terpengaruh oleh pemikiran tasawuf, Mulla Sadra juga berkecimpung dalam debat pemikiran mengenai manusia sempurna Dalam pandangannya, manusia sempurna adalah adalah perpaduan kreatif antara pamahaman dari dua kelompok terakhir di atas, yakni sebagai sebuah maqam puncak dari penyucian diri manusia melalui riyadah (tempa batin) dan sekaligus sebagai hasil tertinggi dari proses pemurnian intelek manusia sehingga ia bisa mencapai tahap Intelek Aktif. Kedudukan manusia sempurna bisa dialami oleh manusia karena pada dasarnya secara eksistensial manusia merindukan sebuah kesempurnaan, dan halitu mungkin terjadi karena jiwa manusia memiliki potensi-potensi yang jika kesemuanya teraktualisasi maka itulah wujud manusia sempurna Sedangkan Nietzsche dengan kuat mengeksplorasi wacana tentang eksistensialisme. (kebebasan, kematian, ketakutan, kekhawatiran, penderitaan, manusia) mimpi, kondisi duniawi (jarak dan waktu/historis). Doktrin Nietzsche berasal dari pemahaman yang konkrit tentang manusia dan kehidupannya. Ajaran utama Nietzsche adalah kemauan kekuasaan yang dapat dicapai dalam gagasan manusia sempurna yang ideal atau Ubermensch. Dia menegaskan bahwa keberadaan manusia adalah kehendaknya (human willwant) yang melampaui perbandingan. Nietzsche merupakan sosok yang sangat di segani pada masanya pemikiran pemikiran yang begitu rasionalis dan sudut pandang pada manusia yang menjadikan luar biasa menjadikan nya sebagai tiga inti dasar dalam sebuah kehidupan  berani menajalani hidup, mencerdaskan akal , dan terhir mampu menjadikan kebanggaan bagi diri sendiri, bisa dan tidak bisanya kita, mampu dan tidk cerdasnya nya semua akan menjadi kebanggaan tersendiri untuk kita, dalam artikel lain Nietzsche menyuarakan dengan adanya keterpurukan seseorang melalui penderitaan manusia akan lebih kuat dan hebat terhadap apa yang ia jalankan, mengapa karena pemikiran seseorang akan mampu dan tumbuh berfikir karena adanya suatu konflik atau masalah dan akan mencari solusi terbaik dari dalam dirinya, disitulah muncul potensi dalam diri manusia yang perlu di kuatkan. Manusia memiliki kekuatan supranatural dari dalam dirinya untuk mencapai sesuatu yang membuat manusia tersebut menjadi manusia yang teratas dan menjadikan dirinya sempurna. Â
PENYULUHAN KESEHATAN GIZI SEIMBANG SEBAGAI TINDAKAN PREVENTIF TERHADAP OBESITAS REMAJA DI DESA KAPEDI KECAMATAN BLUTO SUMENEP
Get PDFObesity (over nutrition) is a very dangerous problem that is increasing every year. This is due to the ignorance of adolescents to maintain a lifestyle with balanced nutrition, and also the factor of a lazy lifestyle (lazy to move) which has recently become increasingly entrenched among adolescents. Especially with the existence of "cellphone" technology that makes humans increasingly suffer from diseases. Obesity is alcohol content of fat due to high cholesterol due to the conflict of incoming energy and outgoing energy. The causes of obesity are partly due to unbalanced fatty foods and lack of exercise. One of the problems in Kapedi village is the problem of obesity, where some people in this village are obese, and in fact it is a problem experienced by many villagers. For this reason, with the momentum of the National Nutrition Health Day, they held Nutrition Health counseling for adolescents. Servants choose teenagers because teenagers are the successor generation who will later become adults, secondly, teenagers are an educated generation whose thoughts are still clean so they need to change their mindset in terms of awareness. Teenagers are also the beginning of adulthood, which is the initial stage of obesity. For this reason, the servant held nutrition counseling which was divided into two stages, namely the first stage was the provision of knowledge about nutritional health, and the second stage was counseling about the dangers of obesity
THE CORE OF LIFE AND LOVE BASED ON ISLAMIC STANDPOINTS OF “COLLEGE IN AMERICA†DRAMA SCRIPT (AN ISLAMIC LITERATURE STUDY)
Get PDFAbstractThis article reveals the core of life and love values in “College in America†script drama portrayed by Lewis D. Eigen. and this article is to analyze the literary works. The main analysis in this article is to explain philosophical values in the drama script, which is containing two kinds of values, namely the core of life and the core of love. The main purpose of this article is an analysis of one of the literary works. The analyzing of this article is using Islamic perspectives. So that, first, the writer tries to find and analyze the philosophical values, and the second, it tries to combine and analyze it using the standpoint of Islam. Furthermore, because of this Islamic standpoint, in this article will be found many analysis by using Al-Quran. Al-Hadits and Ijma'. The writer chose "College in America" Portrayed by Lewis D. Eigen to be analyzed because this script contains many philosophical values of life and love, especially Islamic values. Especially for anyone who wants to take college abroad, this article is very useful. This script drama told the reader many philosophical values without any intention to give some advices, in other words, Lewis D. Eigen is genius because he shows Islam softly, gently, and easily.Â
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