48 research outputs found
New interpretation of sovereignty
Get PDFAfter the World War Two, the World has been facing different human rights breaches which cannot be resolved only by a single state, no matter how powerful it is. These human rights breaches include: genocide, ethnic-cleansing and other mass-atrocities are to be considered ‘problems without passport’. Nations ‘face threats that no nation can resolve by acting alone and opportunities that can be exploited if all nations work together’. In the same time these issues have raised other important issues and debates and tensions between the protection of human rights in one side and sovereignty on the other side. The question that has been raised is which of them should prevail? It was the Canadian Government in 2001 which sponsored the International Commission on Intervention (ICISS). One of the main aims of this commission was the creation of a new normative framework in order to justify military interventions in case of mass-atrocities, in order to ensure that the situation of Rwanda or ‘Kosovo’97 will not be repeated again. It was the initiator of the Responsibility to Protect (R2P) principle which was first formulated by the International Commission on Intervention (ICISS) in 2001. It was a significant step toward the changes of the UN’s legal framework in line with the changes of reality. In 2005 world leaders agreed that all states had the responsibility to protect their citizens, and if any state fails to do so, than it is a duty of the international community to protect people against violation of human rights, atrocities etc. The reason why the authors have chosen this topic is because Responsibility to Protect invokes one of the most important norms of the contemporarily international law; it is the operating language in case of humanitarian crises; and also it is the main argument of political and legal debates
The role of Congress of Vienna in the emergence of multilateralism
Get PDFThe aim of this paper is to analyze the Congress of Vienna, which is considered the first forum in the history of diplomacy, as the main event where the multilateral diplomacy was introduced and the framework of international organizations, as an important actor of international relations, were created. Multilateral diplomacy is defined as the approach of administration of international relations through the direct contact of negotiations at different forums such as conferences or congresses by representatives of at least three sovereign countries. The paper will contain two main parts. In the first part the analysis will be focused in the Congress of Vienna as the main event where the application of multilateral diplomacy started. In the second part of the paper, the Congress will be viewed through the lenses of the main event which marked the beginning of the creation of international organizations in world politics. Many scholars claim that the beginning of international organizations was in 1919 or 1945. The methodology used in this paper is based on discourse analysis – which, before everything, is focused in collection and analysis of different historical and political materials. The paper concludes that the Congress of Vienna contributed not only to re-draw borders of Europe after the French Revolution and Napoleonic Wars, but, even though unintentionally, played fundamental role in introducing multilateral diplomacy and creating the framework for establishing international organizations as the main principles of political and diplomatic practices in modern history of international relations
The issue of minorities in the Balkans: Towards a coherent system of protection of minorities
Get PDFBalkan states are multi-ethnic societies. Balkans is an illustrating case in terms of how important and can often be vital for a functional political system, the representation of minorities within the political system and society. Since the 90's, with the collapse of the Communist regimes, regions of Europe were involved in ethnic conflicts. Ethnic-based conflicts threaten the stability of the relevant region and the unification of Europe. In such a situation, international institutions, engaged in conflict prevention and stopping. They devoted special attention to the issue of minorities in neighboring countries, relevant. The position of minorities plays an important role for the stability and prosperity in general. In the focus of the paper is to study the position of minorities in the Balkans. The issue of minorities in the Balkans will be treated in different historical periods, taking into account the specifics of the period. The study will have as its starting point the appearance of the issue of the minorities’ protection in the Balkans. There will be an analysis of the question when the protection of minorities is raised for the first time to higher international instances. There will be discussions on the solutions to the problems of minorities in the bilateral field. There will be a study of the engagement level of actual protection of minorities after World War II. Also, an object of the paper will also be the approach of the international community, international organizations to the position of minorities in the Balkan states. So, the paper aims to give an overview on the minorities issue in the Balkans. 
Lirika e shpirtit
Get PDFThe pen of Golden Autumn is a initiative of the author to give the reader a volume of selected short lyric stories. The book includes seventy one authors from all over Albanian diaspora of the last two centuries. It puts on the center stage Albanian writing personalities like: Ernest Koliqi, Milto Sotir Gurra, Mitrush Kuteli, Migjeni, Sterjo Spasse, Petro Marko, Ismail Kadare, Dritero Agolli, Faik Ballanca, Vath Koreshi, Kiço Blushi, Naum Prifti, Dushko Vetmo, Nasi Lera, Nasho Jorgaqi, Zija Çela, Teodor Laço, Helena Kadare, Faruk Myrtaj, Anton Gjonçaj, Ymer Shkreli, Kim Mehmeti, Lazër Stani, Vasil Premçi, Zydi Morava, Ardian - Christian Kyçyku, Roland Gjoza, Ardian Leka, etc.
Undoubtedly this “swallow” will pave the way for more short story volumes of this nature, testifying deep humanitarian feeling.
The volume fulfills a necessity for readers of our time and reflects the quality of this kind of prose in Albanian literature.Pena e vjeshtës së artë përbën nismë të shkrimtarit Vasil Premçi për t’i dhënë lexuesit një vëllim me tregime të zgjedhura lirike. Përfshihen tregime nga 71 autorë nga të gjitha trevat shqiptare dhe me një shtrirje kohore prej dy shekujsh të fundit.
Bëhen objekt personalitete të medias shqiptare dhe më gjerë, si: Ernest Koliqi, Milto Sotir Gurra, Mitrush Kuteli, Migjeni, Sterjo Spasse, Petro Marko, Ismail Kadare, Dritero Agolli, Faik Ballanca, Vath Koreshi, Kiço Blushi, Naum Prifti, Dushko Vetmo, Nasi Lera, Nasho Jorgaqi, Zija Çela, Teodor Laço, Helena Kadare, Faruk Myrtaj, Anton Gjonçaj, Ymer Shkreli, Kim Mehmeti, Lazër Stani, Vasil Premçi, Zydi Morava, Ardian - Christian Kyçyku, Roland Gjoza, Ardian Leka, etj. Padyshim që kjo “dallandyshe” do të çelë rrugën për vëllime të tjera me tregime të kësaj natyre, në të cilat dëshmohen emocione dhe ndjenja të thella njerëzore. Vëllimi plotëson një nevojë të domosdoshme të lexuesit të kohës tonë si edhe pasqyron nivelin e kësaj proze të brishtë të letërsisë shqiptare
Edy Rahmayadi Governor of North Sumatra's Leadership Style in Infrastructure Development in North Sumatra for the 2018-2023 Period
No full textEdy Rahmayadi's victory as Governor of North Sumatra 2018-2023 was the
beginning of a number of major tasks such as overcoming the Covid-19 Pandemic
and especially the development and revitalization of North Sumatra's
infrastructure. Edy Rahmayadi, who has a military background, has his own unique
leadership style when leading North Sumatra 2018-2023. The theory that the author
uses is the theory of good governance and political leadership style. This research
aims to describe the factors that influence infrastructure development in North
Sumatra and the relationship between Edy Rahamayadi's leadership style for the
2018-2023 North Sumatra Governor Period on North Sumatra's infrastructure
development. The research method used to answer this research is descriptive
qualitative research method, through literature study, observation and interviews.
The results of this research include: (1) At the beginning of his leadership, Edy
Rahmayadi's leadership style was tough and firm where he did not care about other
people's opinions about him, this disharmonization even occurred with his
subordinates and even his deputy, namely Musa Rajekshah, so it can be said that
Edy's leadership style was authoritarian. ; (2) Edy's character is dynamic, able to
accept opinions from multi-segment communities, and has good thoughts and ideas,
so it can be said that Edy is a transformational leader; (3) Edy Rahmayadi is
considered capable of stabilizing the conditions affected by Covid-19, apart from
that, Edy is a leader who prioritizes dialogue and collaboration, therefore it can be
said that Edy is a leader with a participative leadership style.95 PagesSkripsi Sarjan
Transformative Resilience: A Study of Derivative Form of Resilience in Informal Settlement (Case Study: Bukit Duri, Jakarta)
No full textThe exposure of flooding has been existed in several Global South countries, not particularly in Indonesia. The community which has been living in vulnerable location encounters the magnitude of flooding through times with a difficult and complicated situation to encounter the devastating impact of the disaster. Many policies and actions from the government have tried to solve the issues, yet the outcomes are still improperly touching the root of problems. Lack of dialogue between authority and inhabitants has resulted in a clash of rationalities which then destructs the process of policy implementation.The primary objective of the research is to set various pattern of intervention which can be implemented in informal settlement as a part of constructing resilience and sustainable system in the neighborhood. Based on that objectives, several observations and analysis were made to identify the local properties that could contribute to the improvement of spatial, economic, and social quality. The flooding as the central issues in this project is also analyzed through layer mapping and analytical review, including identification of stakeholder and flood-risk governance that exist in the system. The framework of resilience which includes engineering resilience, ecological resilience and social resilience is being a reference to determine the value of existing properties which importantly contributed to the performance of resilience-sustainability system.Zoned-defined intervention as the design hypothesis is proposed as the statement of solution which tries to manage diverse problems on the site. Due to the complexity and variety of the problems, categorization of problems is madeto determine the most important properties in the neighborhood which still needs improvement.The products of this research compile several layers of solution which includes policy recommendations, design framework, pattern of designs and test case (pilot project) intervention. The framework of flood-risk governance asses all the intervention and design proposal which then contributes to the improvement of resilience value.In the end, this research will be an input for the local stakeholders, both the authority and grassroots actors, to develop the quality of livelihood in the context towards a more resilience and sustainable neighborhood. Consideringthe complexity of the subject, further research on multiple dimension is necessary before practically implementing the solution.Architecture, Urbanism and Building Sciences | Complex Citie
Perancangan Sistem Pengontrolan Otamatis Budidaya Jamur Tiram Berbasis Internet of Things (IoT) Menggunakan Aplikasi Blynk
Get PDFJamur tiram merupakan jamur pangan yang termasuk kelas homobasidiomycetes serta yang berasal dari kelompok basidiomycota yang memiliki ciri-ciri tubuh setengah lingkaran dan warna tubuh buah antara putih hingga krem serta tudungnya berbentuk ½ lingkaran. Menurut beberapa penelitian suhu optimal untuk jamur tiram sekitar 25℃-30℃ dan kelembaban udara 70%-95%. Pembuatan alat ini bertujuan agar dapat mengatur suhu dan kelembaban udara di dalam tempat budidaya jamur agar tetap stabil, serta melakukan penyinaran 17 jam sehari, dan juga melakukan penyiraman otomatis. Tempat budidaya dibuat menggunakan kayu yang ditutupi oleh plastik yang dibuat berukuran 70cm×50cm×60cm. Pada alat yang dibuat penulis menggunakan ESP32 sebagai mikrokontroler utama, sensor LDR untuk mengetahui intensitas cahaya, DHT11 untuk mendeteksi suhu dan kelembaban udara, dan sensor kelembaban tanah untuk mendeteksi kelembaban pada baglog jamur tiram. Juga digunakan LED putih untuk penyinaran, pompa untuk penyiraman, dan mistmaker dan kipas DC untuk mengatur suhu dan kelembaban udara dalam tempat budidaya. Hasil pembacaan sensor akan ditampilkan pada LCD dan aplikasi Blynk, adapun kontrol manual yang dapat dilakukan dari Blynk maupun push button pada kotak mikrokontroler. Hasil pengujian alat jamur yang ditanam dengan alat ini lebih baik daripada tanpa menggunakan alat ini, dibuktikan dengan ukuran dan berat jamur yang berbeda jauh.Oyster mushroom is a food mushroom that belongs to the class homobasidiomycetes and comes from the basidiomycota group which has the characteristics of a semicircular body and the color of the fruiting body between white to cream and the hood is circle. According to several studies the optimal temperature for oyster mushrooms is around 25℃-30℃ and air humidity is 70%-95%. The purpose of making this tool is to be able to regulate the temperature and humidity of the air in the mushroom cultivation area so that it remains stable, as well as irradiating 17 hours a day, and also doing automatic watering. The cultivation area is made using wood covered by plastic which is made with a size of 70cm×50cm×60cm. In the tool the author made using ESP32 as the main microcontroller, LDR sensor to determine light intensity, DHT11 to detect air temperature and humidity, and soil moisture sensor to detect humidity in oyster mushroom baglog. The author also uses a white LED for lighting, a pump for watering, and a mistmaker and DC fan to regulate the temperature and humidity of the air in the cultivation area. The readings from the sensor will be displayed on the LCD and the Blynk application, while manual control can be done from the Blynk or push button on the microcontroller box. The results of the testing of mushrooms grown with this tool were better than without using this tool, as evidenced by the different sizes and weights of the mushrooms
Some Hints to Develop Particular Line Pipe Specification
Get PDFWhen procuring the carbon steel line pipe for pipeline project, frequently the purchaser refers to the international standards/specifications such as API SPEC 5L without any particular requirements. Many users thought these standards/specifications already addressed what are needed in their project; but unfortunately it is not completely true. The specification such as API SPEC 5L clearly mentioned in the special notes section that the users should not rely exclusively on the information contained in the specification and it is users’ responsibilities to define the product characteristics which meet the design criteria and suitable for the construction and the operation of the installation (e.g. pipeline). Through this paper, the author tries to give some ideas on particular specification for line pipe
RANCANG BANGUN MEKANISME PENGGERAKPINTU PAGAR LIPAT DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN TALI KAWAT BAJA (WIRE ROPE STEEL)
Get PDFThe main purpose of design folding gate drive mechanism by using a steel wire rope ( stainless steel wire rope ) is to help alleviate the process of opening and closing the gate with the proper working mechanism and efficient . Based on observations obtained from brochures on home sales , that most of the estates currently using gates made of iron . With the gates to open and then close it requires a large force due to heavy load , let alone the gate on large estates . The author hopes to made design folding gate drive mechanism by using a steel wire rope ( stainless wire rope ) can help or alleviate human tasks to open and close the gate .
Design of driving mechanism folding gate using steel wire rope (wire rope stell) created husband with folding fence how to modify existing ones with added home-in section fence as steel wire rope passes place (wire rope stell). The planned equipment hearts design of folding gate mover mechanism using steel wire rope (wire rope stell) is load on when the fence Opens And Closes at 5.38 N, and flows incurred at the time closing opens a fence is 4, 5 A. The planning design of driving mechanism folding gate using steel wire rope (wire rope stell) part care that done, is planned maintenance (planned maintenance) and treatments unplanned (unplanned maintenance) , elements that should be taken into account is the moment of force and moment charges for opens fence , on friction hinges, rollers and pulleys speed rotary motor power
Music and emotion in religious performances in a migratory context: can rite coincide with right?
No full textThe act of musical performance reveals the musicians' emotions and aesthetic experience in the most intense moment of the music-making process. In polyphonic music practices, this occurs by coordinating individual ways of making music in a group. In the course of this process, social relations also take place. The book presents the research of ethnomusicologists from this perspective in the interdisciplinary discourse of the subject. Fulvia Caruso contribution discusses issues about migrants in resettlement situations enacting the music culture they have grown up with, especially in terms of its link with memory, affections, religious rites, and as a place to express the rights to perform their beliefs in their new environment in the town of Cremona, Italy. To articulate her reflections the author presents two of the several religious situations she is documenting and analysing: the pentecostal Church of Bethel and the catholic Chorale de Saint Michel Archange. Both composed mostly by Ivorians, their religous emotional and esthetic experiences diverge because of the space they are enabled to create. This is demonstrated throug the analysis of two celebrations of the two rites, in particular observing theobject of repetition
