798 research outputs found
Genetics of survival in cannibalistic laying hens: The contribution of social effects
No full textMortality due to cannibalism in laying hens is a worldwide economic and welfare problem occurring in all types of commercial poultry housing systems. Due to prohibition of beak-trimming and the traditional battery system in the European Union in the near future, mortality due to cannibalism in laying hens may increase. To reduce mortality in laying hens, it is possible to use genetic selection. Mortality due to cannibalism, however, depends on social interactions between group members. Traditional selection methods neglect these social interactions, meaning that they ignore the genetic effect an individual has on its group members. These methods are, therefore, not very effective. The main aim of this thesis is to investigate the effect of social interactions on the heritable variance in mortality due to cannibalism in laying hens and to develop a selection method that takes into account social interactions. To investigate the effect of social interactions on the heritable variance in mortality due to cannibalism, genetic parameters for direct and associative effects on survival time in three layer lines were estimated. For all three layer lines it was found that social interactions contribute approximately two-third of the heritable variation in survival time. The heritable variation in survival time is, therefore, substantially larger than suggested by the traditional methods currently used in poultry breeding. To improve traits affected by social interactions in laying hens, a solution is to select individually housed candidates based on the performance of their full sibs kept in family groups. Theoretical results suggest that this selection method offers good opportunities to improve traits affected by social interactions. A selection experiment was applied aiming to improve mortality due to cannibalism in laying hens using selection based on relatives. After one generation, mortality was 10% lower in the selection line compared to the control. In the second generation, no significant effect was found, which seemed to be related to environmental factors. Results in this thesis suggest that prospects for reducing mortality due to cannibalism by means of genetic selection are good. Using selection methods that incorporate social interactions may lead to substantial reduction of one of the major welfare problems in egg production. Further research is needed to investigate the effect of group size and kin recognition on social interactions. <br/
E.D. May Book Review
No full textBook review done by Sam Houston Normal Institute student, Ellen Douglas May, on the book "Life and Literary Remains of Sam Houston" by William Carey Cran
E.D. May "Sam Houston Life Among the Indians" Book Review
No full textBook review done by Sam Houston Normal Institute student, Ellen Douglas May, on the book "Life and Literary Remains of Sam Houston" by William Carey Cran
Zwolse stadskrans; herstructurering door stedelijke inbreiding
No full textEen moderne stad van de 21e eeuw vraagt om nieuwe bestemmingen voor strategisch gelegen locaties in bestaand stedelijk gebied. Voor een aantal locaties rond de historische binnenstad van Zwolle zijn ruimtelijke veranderingsmogelijkheden, maar nog geen uitgekristalliseerde plannen. Nieuw bij de inbreiding is het 'krans'-denken. De stadskrans is de zone om de binnenstad, deze functioneert als overgang tussen de binnenstad en de omliggende wijken. Daarbij is het uitgangspunt dat de krans als geheel gezien wordt: een kralensnoer dat bestaat uit verschillende kralen met elk hun eigen thema, karakter en verschijningsvorm. De invulling van de gebieden is het resultaat van twee factoren: het huidige/beoogde karakter van het gebied en het schaalniveau waaraan het gebied gekoppeld is. Het karakter heeft alles te maken met het gebruik en de functionaliteit, zoals onderwijs, cultuur en bedrijvigheid e.d. Het schaalniveau is gekoppeld aan het infrastructurele netwerk, zoals de rijksweg A28, het spoor en de regionale wegen. Het centrum blijft het belangrijkste gebied van de stad, maar kan niet groeien door de fysieke barri van de singel. Aan de andere kant van de singel, op steenworp afstand van de binnenstad, liggen gebieden die door middel van herstructurering het centrum kunnen ondersteunen. Deze gebieden kunnen ruimte bieden aan centrumstedelijke woonmilieus nabij de binnenstad mogelijk gecombineerd met representatieve bedrijvigheid, detailhandel, dienstverlening, horeca, leisure, kantoren en (centrum-)parkeervoorzieningen.Architectur
RECEPTION OF THE EUROPEAN CITY IN THE PROSE BY E.D. AIPIN (CONCERNING THE URBAN CODE OF THE KHANTY LITERATURE)
No full textPurpose. The article is devoted to the issue of the urban text, being quite topical in the modern Finno-Ugric philology. The subject of analysis is the reception of the European topos in the works by a leading Khanty writer E.D. Aipin. The author aims to reveal the formation of the urban code in the Khanty literature as based on the example of the works by E.D. Aipin.
Method or methodology of the work. The basis of the research are the historical-cultural and comparative methods, as well as modern approaches to a selective sample analysis of a literary text.
Results. The results of the work lie in the fact that the author interprets the processes of formation of the urban code in the writer’s work of art as well as in national literature of the Khanty people. The research confirms a feature of E.D. Aipin’s idiostyle that was revealed earlier. The author claims the approach that the Khanty writer selected, i.e. the view at a European city through the eyes of a traveler, quite harmoniously represents both the topos and process of metatext formation in the literary work.
Field of practical application of the results. The results of the research can be applied in the field of literary and interdisciplinary humanitarian studies
Interpretation and the Problem of the Intention of the Author, by Burhanetir Tatar
No full textBurhanetir Tatar, Interpretation and the Problem of the Intention of the Author: H.G. Gadamer vs E.D. Hirsh, The Council for Research in Values and Philosophy, 199
PERMASALAHAN GENDER DALAM LITERATUR ANAK DALAM NOVEL THE FROG PRINCESS (SANG PUTRI KATAK) KARYA E.D. BAKER
No full text AbstrakNovel The Frog Princess karya E.D. Baker adalah dongeng yang diadaptasi dari dongeng karya Grimm bersaudara yang berjudul The Frog Prince. Tulisan ini mengupas novel The Frog Princess (TFP) tentang permasalahan gender dalam literatur anak dengan melihatnya melalui teori penokohan dan teori gender. Makalah ini menggunakan metode kualitatif deskriptif untuk melihat fenomena yang terdapat dalam novel. Novel TFP berusaha melepaskan diri dari stereotip tentang perempuan, tetapi pengarang terjebak pada motif-motif dongeng tradisional pada umumnyasehingga tidak mencerminkan kesetaraan gender, seperti yang terdapat dalam judul novel.Kata kunci: literatur anak, gender, stereotip AbstractThe Frog Princess by E.D. Baker is a fairy tale adapted from the work of the Grimm brothers’ fairy tale “The Frog Prince.” This paper analyzes the novel based on gender issues in children literature using gender and characterization theories. It uses a descriptive qualitative method to find the phenomena in the novel. The novel tries to break away from the women stereotypes, but the author is stuck on the motives of traditional fairy tales in general, so it does not reflect gender equality as contained in the title of the novel.Keywords: children literature, gender, stereotype
Genetic parameters for social effects on survival in cannibalistic layers: Combining survival analysis and a linear animal model
No full textAbstract Background Mortality due to cannibalism in laying hens is a difficult trait to improve genetically, because censoring is high (animals still alive at the end of the testing period) and it may depend on both the individual itself and the behaviour of its group members, so-called associative effects (social interactions). To analyse survival data, survival analysis can be used. However, it is not possible to include associative effects in the current software for survival analysis. A solution could be to combine survival analysis and a linear animal model including associative effects. This paper presents a two-step approach (2STEP), combining survival analysis and a linear animal model including associative effects (LAM). Methods Data of three purebred White Leghorn layer lines from Institut de Sélection Animale B.V., a Hendrix Genetics company, were used in this study. For the statistical analysis, survival data on 16,780 hens kept in four-bird cages with intact beaks were used. Genetic parameters for direct and associative effects on survival time were estimated using 2STEP. Cross validation was used to compare 2STEP with LAM. LAM was applied directly to estimate genetic parameters for social effects on observed survival days. Results Using 2STEP, total heritable variance, including both direct and associative genetic effects, expressed as the proportion of phenotypic variance, ranged from 32% to 64%. These results were substantially larger than when using LAM. However, cross validation showed that 2STEP gave approximately the same survival curves and rank correlations as LAM. Furthermore, cross validation showed that selection based on both direct and associative genetic effects, using either 2STEP or LAM, gave the best prediction of survival time. Conclusion It can be concluded that 2STEP can be used to estimate genetic parameters for direct and associative effects on survival time in laying hens. Using 2STEP increased the heritable variance in survival time. Cross validation showed that social genetic effects contribute to a large difference in survival days between two extreme groups. Genetic selection targeting both direct and associative effects is expected to reduce mortality due to cannibalism in laying hens.</p
Book Review: E.D. Zilivinskaya. Architecture of the Golden Horde. Part 1. Cult Monuments. Moscow; Kazan: “Otechestvo” Publ., 2014. 228 p.,+ 220 p., ill.
No full textThe reviewed monograph by E.D. Zilivinskaya is the fi rst fundamental research in the national historiography to address cult architecture of the Golden Horde. It summarizes massive material collected during archaeological digs on urban settlements, which were actively conducted since 1960s. The subject of this research are cult buildings: mosques, madrasa, khanqah, Christian temples and memorial buildings (mausoleums, vaults, fences of bedrock made under barrows, mainly reconstructed by their debris discovered by the archaeologists). Along with their description, by regions, as well as their classifi cation and typology, examination of genesis of such cult buildings, the author addresses the issues of interaction of cultural traditions in architecture of the Golden Horde cities. The review gives a rather positive evaluation of E.D. Zilivinskaya’s monograph
THE FAMILY THEME IN E.D. AJPIN'S NOVEL MOTHER OF GOD IN BLOOD-RED SNOWS
No full textСемейная тема в романе Е.Д. Айпина «Божья Матерь в кровавых снегах» занимает главное место. Через семью автор раскрывает трагедию человека, народа, государства. Сквозь призму семейных отношений прозаик изображает быт коренного населения, нравственные и культурные ценности, обычаи. Семейная линия неразрывно связана в романе с мотивами материнства и детства, с мотивом дороги и мотивом смерти. Семья в произведении Е.Д. Айпина рассматривается как основа общества и основа личности, формирующая характер, мировоззрение, нравственные качества героя.The family theme in E.D. Ajpin's novel Mother of God in blood-red snows takes the main place. Through the family the author opens tragedy of the person, the nation, the state. Through a prism of family attitudes the prose writer represents life of indigenous people, moral and cultural values, and customs. The family line is indissolubly connected with motives of motherhood and childhood, with motives of road and death. The family in E.D. Ajpin's novel is considered as a basis of society and person. It forms character, outlook, and moral qualities of the hero
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