130,631 research outputs found
Memórias e experiências do fazer-se professor na educação profissional: Escola Técnica Federal de Santa Catarina - ETFSC (1968-2010)
No full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciências da Educação, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Educação, Florianópolis, 2015.Este trabalho teve como objetivo analisar as trajetórias profissionais de dois professores aposentados da Escola Técnica Federal de Santa Catarina- ETFSC com base em suas memórias e experiências. O intuito foi compreender como esses sujeitos fizeram-se professores na Educação Profissional, especificamente no período compreendido entre 1968 e 2010. Realizei quatro entrevistas, sendo que três delas foram gravadas, transcritas e textualizadas e a outra, realizada por telefone, possibilitou a obtenção de informações complementares para o entendimento do contexto histórico e político do período estudado. A escolha dos sujeitos da pesquisa foi pautada no critério de terem sido estudantes da ETFSC e posteriormente, professores de áreas técnicas sem formação específica em cursos de licenciatura. A base do estudo foi a metodologia da História Oral, com a qual foi possível produzir as fontes orais utilizadas na pesquisa, num processo de interação com os sujeitos. Tomei como base os procedimentos metodológicos da História Oral depreendidos por Alessandro Portelli. Os referenciais teóricos de Ecléa Bosi, Walter Benjamin e Edward Palmer Thompson fundamentaram a pesquisa. A obra de Ecléa Bosi e seu conceito de memória-trabalho, memória como um processo de releitura, de reconstrução realizada no presente, foi central para o diálogo com as fontes. Walter Benjamin e sua concepção acerca da arte de narrar permitiu compreender o passado sendo construído no ato da narrativa. Dessa forma, compreendendo a narrativa como possibilidade de reelaboração das experiências vividas, numa abertura à interpretação. A obra de Edward Palmer Thompson inspirou este trabalho no sentido de compreender a experiência. Portanto, essa categoria foi central na pesquisa e permitiu a compreensão dos saberes, ideias e interesses mobilizados e construídos no trabalho docente dentro do contexto histórico analisado. Ainda contribuiu na construção a categoria fazer-se professor cunhada por Elison Paim. A compreensão do fazer-se professor, especificamente na Educação Profissional, deu-se com base na problematização das memórias dos professores aposentados. Os principais elementos constituintes do fazer-se professor percebidos nesta pesquisa relacionaram-se com: o projeto familiar e a ideia de ascensão social via educação; a dedicação profissional durante a trajetória docente; os programas de formação profissional viabilizados pela direção da ETFSC formatados com base nos pressupostos da Pedagogia Tecnicista; as relações estabelecidas com profissionais da área pedagógica e os processos de construção coletiva envolvidos com essaárea; o aprendizado advindo das relações estabelecidas com professores colegas de departamento; a forma com a qual se construía a harmonia das equipes de trabalho; as práticas de formação de professores nas quais a valorização da experiência profissional era alicerce, evidenciando uma dimensão coletiva do processo de formação de professores; as experiências em cargos de gestão e uma consequente mudança de posição; aspectos da prática cotidiana: erros e acertos (o processo de reflexão); a importância atribuída à experiência profissional; a constituição das práticas docentes e as relações estabelecidas entre a experiência adquirida no trabalho e a atuação docente.Abstract : This study aimed to analyze the career paths of two retired teachers from the Federal Technical School of Santa Catarina ETFSC based on their memories and experiences. The aim was to understand how these subjects made of teachers in vocational education, specifically in the period between 1968 and 2010. Four interviews were held, three of them were recorded, transcribed and textualized and the other one, conducted by telephone, which made possible to obtain additional information to understand the historical and political context of the studied period. The choice of the subjects of the research was based on the criterion of they had been students of ETFSC and later teachers of technical areas without specific training in undergraduate courses. The focus of the study was the methodology of oral history, with which was possible to produce oral sources used in the research in a process of interaction with the interviewed. It was taken as the basis the procedures gathered from Alessandro Portelli. The theoretical references of Ecléa Bosi, Walter Benjamin and Edward Palmer Thompson justified the search. The work of Ecléa Bosi and her concept about memory-work, in what memory as a rereading process, reconstruction carried out in the present, was central for the dialogue with the sources. Walter Benjamin and his conception of the art of narrating allowed to understand the past being built in the act of storytelling. Thus, understanding the narrative as a possibility of transmission of experiences, an openness to interpretation. The "experience" present in the work of Edward Palmer Thompson inspired this work to understand the experience. Therefore, this category was central in research and allowed the understanding of knowledge, ideas and interests mobilized and built in teaching within the historical analyzed context. Also contributed in building the category "making teacher" coined by Elison Paim. Understanding the concept of ?making teacher?, specifically in the Professional Education, was given based on the questioning of the memories of retired teachers. The main elements of the ?making teacher? perceived in this study were related to: the family project and the idea of social mobility by education; professional dedication during the teaching career; vocational training programs made possible by the direction of ETFSC formatted based on the assumptions of Technicist Pedagogy; the relations established with professionals of the pedagogical area and the processes of collective construction involved in this area; the learning arising from relationships with department of fellow teachers; the way in which building the harmony of work teams; the teacher training practices in which theappreciation of the experience was the foundation, showing a collective dimension of teacher training process; the experiences in management positions and a consequent change of position; aspects of everyday practice: hits and misses (the thought process); the importance given to professional experience; the formation of teachers and the relationships established between the practical experience gained in work and educational performance
Development of the Social Brain: From Mechanisms to Principles
No full textIn this concluding chapter, we take a broad survey of the themes emphasized in the other chapters. What are the key challenges in understanding social brain development? What would count as a full understanding of this topic? And how can we sketch a future path to get us there? We propose that studies limited to only the adult brain will not get us there, but that even detailed developmental studies may not. The path of developmental social neuroscience will need to augment its study with comparative research, with multiple modalities of investigation, and with more emphasis on data sharing and abstraction of principles. Attention to these issues can help to forge a truly cumulative and cross‐disciplinary developmental social neuroscience
MeSH term explosion and author rank improve expert recommendations
No full textInformation overload is an often-cited phenomenon that reduces the productivity, efficiency and efficacy of scientists. One challenge for scientists is to find appropriate collaborators in their research. The literature describes various solutions to the problem of expertise location, but most current approaches do not appear to be very suitable for expert recommendations in biomedical research. In this study, we present the development and initial evaluation of a vector space model-based algorithm to calculate researcher similarity using four inputs: 1) MeSH terms of publications; 2) MeSH terms and author rank; 3) exploded MeSH terms; and 4) exploded MeSH terms and author rank. We developed and evaluated the algorithm using a data set of 17,525 authors and their 22,542 papers. On average, our algorithms correctly predicted 2.5 of the top 5/10 coauthors of individual scientists. Exploded MeSH and author rank outperformed all other algorithms in accuracy, followed closely by MeSH and author rank. Our results show that the accuracy of MeSH term-based matching can be enhanced with other metadata such as author rank
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
"Closing the R&D Gap, Evaluating the Sources of R&D Spending"
No full textBoth spending and tax policies have been implemented in the United States with the goal of stimulating private sector research and development (R&D). Karier questions whether current R&D policy, especially the research and experimentation tax credit, can contribute to closing the gap between nondefense expenditures on R&D in the United States and such expenditures in other countries, such as Japan and Germany. He also explores possible changes to our current R&D policy to make it more effective.
signaling to arrest root development during Arabidopsis seedling establishment
No full textEthanolamide-conjugated fatty acid derivatives, also known as N-acylethanolamines (NAEs), occur at low levels (g per g) in desiccated seeds, and endogenous amounts decline rapidly with seedling growth. Linoleoylethanolamide (NAE18:2) is the most abundant of these NAEs in seeds of almost all plants, including Arabidopsis thaliana. In Arabidopsis, NAE18:2 may be oxidized by lipoxygenase (LOX) or hydrolyzed by fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) during normal seedling establishment, and this contributes to the normal progression of NAE depletion that is coincident with the depletion of abscisic acid (ABA). Here we provide biochemical, genetic and pharmacological evidence that a specific 9-LOX metabolite of NAE18:2 [9-hydro(pero)xy linoleoylethanolamide (9-NAE-H(P)OD)] has a potent negative influence on seedling root elongation, and acts synergistically with ABA to modulate the transition from embryo to seedling growth. Genetic analyses using mutants in ABA synthesis (aba1 and aba2), perception (pyr1, pyl1, pyl2, pyl4, pyl5 and pyl8) or transcriptional activation (abi3-1) indicated that arrest of root growth by 9-NAE-H(P)OD requires an intact ABA signaling pathway, and probably operates to increase ABA synthesis as part of a positive feedback loop to modulate seedling establishment in response to adverse environmental conditions. These results identify a specific, bioactive ethanolamide oxylipin metabolite of NAE18:2, different from those of ethanolamide-conjugated linolenic acid (NAE18:3), as well as a molecular explanation for its inhibitory action, emphasizing the oxidative metabolism of NAEs as an important feature of seedling development. Significance Statement Here, we elucidate a complex metabolic pathway for ethanolamine-conjugated derivatives of linoleic acid and demonstrate that this pathway generates bioactive oxylipins that interact with ABA signaling to modulate seedling development in response to adverse environmental conditions
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Scholarly Communication and Publishing Lunch and Learn Talk #11: The ULS Open Access Author Fee Fund
No full textAt the May 2014 talk, you will learn about the ULS Open Access Author Fee Fund--what it is, why we do it, how it works, and how the program is going so far
Ethanolamide Oxylipins of Linolenic Acid Can Negatively Regulate Arabidopsis Seedling Development
No full textN-Acylethanolamines (NAEs) are fatty-acid derivatives with potent biological activities in a wide range of eukaryotic organisms. Polyunsaturated NAEs are among the most abundant NAE types in seeds of Arabidopsis thaliana, and they can be metabolized by either fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH) or by lipoxygenase (LOX) to low levels during seedling establishment. Here, we identify and quantify endogenous oxylipin metabolites of N-linolenoylethanolamine (NAE 18:3) in Arabidopsis seedlings and show that their levels were higher in faah knockout seedlings. Quantification of oxylipin metabolites in lox mutants demonstrated altered partitioning of NAE 18:3 into 9- or 13-LOX pathways, and this was especially exaggerated when exogenous NAE was added to seedlings. When maintained at micromolar concentrations, NAE 18:3 specifically induced cotyledon bleaching of light-grown seedlings within a restricted stage of development. Comprehensive oxylipin profiling together with genetic and pharmacological interference with LOX activity suggested that both 9-hydroxy and 13-hydroxy linolenoylethanolamides, but not corresponding free fatty-acid metabolites, contributed to the reversible disruption of thylakoid membranes in chloroplasts of seedling cotyledons. We suggest that NAE oxylipins of linolenic acid represent a newly identified, endogenous set of bioactive compounds that may act in opposition to progression of normal seedling development and must be depleted for successful establishment
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