1,720,983 research outputs found
Hubungan Kondisi Lingkungan Rumah Susun dengan Prevalensi Penyakit Respirasi Kronis di Jakarta
No full textPenyakit respirasi kronis seperti asma, pneumonia, tuberkulosis, dan penyakit paru obstruktif kronis(PPOK) merupakan penyebab mortalitas yang tinggi di Indonesia. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalahuntuk mengetahui hubungan antara kondisi lingkungan rumah terhadap prevalensi penyakit respirasikronis yaitu PPOK, batuk kronis, TB paru, asma, pneumonia dan infeksi fungal pada penghuni rusundi Jakarta. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode cross-sectional dengan alat ukur berupa kuesioner.Penelitian dilakukan terhadap 120 keluarga yang tinggal di rusun menengah kebawah di Jakarta padatahun 2012. Variabel lingkungan yang diteliti meliputi ventilasi, pencahayaan, kepadatan hunian, saranasanitasi, suhu udara, dan kelembaban udara. Dari 120 keluarga, didapatkan 513 data penghuni rusundengan prevalensi penyakit respirasi secara total sebesar 41,9%, secara rinci yaitu prevalensi TBparu sebesar 7,6%, PPOK sebesar 1,8%, asma sebesar 1%, infeksi fungal sebesar 0,8%, pneumoniasebesar 0,2%, batuk kronis sebesar 0,6%, dan infeksi saluran pernapasan akut (ISPA) sebesar 32,9%.Hasil analisis menunjukkan terdapat hubungan antara prevalensi penyakit respirasi kronis denganventilasi rusun (p=0,042) , dan dengan pencahayaan dalam rusun (p=0,003). Penyakit respirasi kronismemiliki hubungan dengan keadaan lingkungan yaitu ventilasi dan pencahayaan pada penghuni rusundi Jakarta.Kata kunci: penyakit respirasi kronis, kondisi lingkungan, rumah susu
Studi Awal Pemodelan Perlakuan Radiotherapy 131I dan Virotherapy yang Menggunakan Virus Campak pada Tumor Paru-paru Tikus
No full textTumor Paru-paru dalam arti luas adalah semua penyakit ganas yang terjadi di paru-paru, mencakup keganasan yang berasal dari paru-paru sendiri (primer) atau penyebaran (metastasis) tumor dari organ lain. Definisi khusus untuk tumor paruparu primer yakni tumor ganas yang berasal dari jaringan sel (epitel) saluran pernapasan (bronkus). Tumor paru-paru paling banyak ditemukan pada laki-laki dewasa dan perokok. Lebih dari 80% tumor paru-paru berhubungan dengan perokok. Ada beberapa pilihan untuk pengobatan tumor paru-paru pada masing-masing tingkatan yang dapat ditawarkan apabila telah terdiagnosis secara pasti, yaitu: jenis histologis dan staging penyakit yang dapat ditentukan dengan: bedah, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, targeted therapy, virotherapy dan terapi lain (Elisna Syahruddin, 2006)
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Validity of pleural lactate dehydrogenase measurements in assessment of pleural effusions
No full textBackground
Pleural effusions are classified into transudates and exudates based on Light’s criteria, but the main disadvantage of Light’s criteria is the misclassification of transudates as exudates in about 20% of cases. The aim of this study was to determine the validity of various biochemical parameters to differentiate pleural exudates and transudates.
Methods
An observational study to evaluate diagnostics tests was conducted at the emergency department of Persahabatan Hospital, Jakarta, from September 2010 until December 2011. In total, 119 patients with pleural effusion were evaluated. Simultaneous pleural effusion and blood samples were examined for lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), total protein, cholesterol and albumin, with the clinical diagnosis as the gold standard.
Results
There were 104 exudative and 15 transudative pleural effusions. Light’s criteria achieved a higher overall accuracy (sensitivity 97%, specificity 80%, accuracy 95%). The optimum cut off values were pleural fluid to serum ratio of LDH 0.4 (sensitivity 95%, specificity 87%, accuracy 94%) and pleural fluid LDH of 178 IU/L (sensitivity 92%, specificity 87%, accuracy 92%). Pleural fluid cholesterol was 50 mg/dL (sensitivity 89%, specificity 53%, accuracy 85%), pleural fluid to serum cholesterol ratio 0.41 (sensitivity 75%, specificity 53%, accuracy 72%) and serum-effusion albumin gradient 1.3 g/dL (sensitivity 91%, specificity 73%, accuracy 89%). Combination of biochemical tests did not improve sensitivity or accuracy.
Conclusions
Light’s criteria remain superior to other biochemical tests, but the new cut off values of LDH pleural fluid to serum ratio of 0.4 and pleural fluid LDH of 178 IU/L appears to yield a slight improvement in diagnostic accuracy
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