53 research outputs found
Hubungan Kondisi Lingkungan Rumah Susun dengan Prevalensi Penyakit Respirasi Kronis di Jakarta
No full textPenyakit respirasi kronis seperti asma, pneumonia, tuberkulosis, dan penyakit paru obstruktif kronis(PPOK) merupakan penyebab mortalitas yang tinggi di Indonesia. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalahuntuk mengetahui hubungan antara kondisi lingkungan rumah terhadap prevalensi penyakit respirasikronis yaitu PPOK, batuk kronis, TB paru, asma, pneumonia dan infeksi fungal pada penghuni rusundi Jakarta. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode cross-sectional dengan alat ukur berupa kuesioner.Penelitian dilakukan terhadap 120 keluarga yang tinggal di rusun menengah kebawah di Jakarta padatahun 2012. Variabel lingkungan yang diteliti meliputi ventilasi, pencahayaan, kepadatan hunian, saranasanitasi, suhu udara, dan kelembaban udara. Dari 120 keluarga, didapatkan 513 data penghuni rusundengan prevalensi penyakit respirasi secara total sebesar 41,9%, secara rinci yaitu prevalensi TBparu sebesar 7,6%, PPOK sebesar 1,8%, asma sebesar 1%, infeksi fungal sebesar 0,8%, pneumoniasebesar 0,2%, batuk kronis sebesar 0,6%, dan infeksi saluran pernapasan akut (ISPA) sebesar 32,9%.Hasil analisis menunjukkan terdapat hubungan antara prevalensi penyakit respirasi kronis denganventilasi rusun (p=0,042) , dan dengan pencahayaan dalam rusun (p=0,003). Penyakit respirasi kronismemiliki hubungan dengan keadaan lingkungan yaitu ventilasi dan pencahayaan pada penghuni rusundi Jakarta.Kata kunci: penyakit respirasi kronis, kondisi lingkungan, rumah susu
Studi Awal Pemodelan Perlakuan Radiotherapy 131I dan Virotherapy yang Menggunakan Virus Campak pada Tumor Paru-paru Tikus
No full textTumor Paru-paru dalam arti luas adalah semua penyakit ganas yang terjadi di paru-paru, mencakup keganasan yang berasal dari paru-paru sendiri (primer) atau penyebaran (metastasis) tumor dari organ lain. Definisi khusus untuk tumor paruparu primer yakni tumor ganas yang berasal dari jaringan sel (epitel) saluran pernapasan (bronkus). Tumor paru-paru paling banyak ditemukan pada laki-laki dewasa dan perokok. Lebih dari 80% tumor paru-paru berhubungan dengan perokok. Ada beberapa pilihan untuk pengobatan tumor paru-paru pada masing-masing tingkatan yang dapat ditawarkan apabila telah terdiagnosis secara pasti, yaitu: jenis histologis dan staging penyakit yang dapat ditentukan dengan: bedah, radiotherapy, chemotherapy, targeted therapy, virotherapy dan terapi lain (Elisna Syahruddin, 2006)
Leczenie bólu u chorych na raka płuca
Get PDFRak płuca jest nowotworem o jednym z najwyższych wskaźników umieralności na świecie. Problemem w tej populacji chorych pozostaje również występowanie wielu objawów podmiotowych, które mają wpływ na ich jakość życia, w tym bólu. Ból u chorego na nowotwór jest złożonym zjawiskiem, niekiedy o bardzo dynamicznym charakterze, u podłoża którego leży wiele różnych mechanizmów. W niniejszej publikacji przedstawiono mechanizmy patofizjologiczne występowania bólu nowotworowego oraz sposoby leczenia objawów u chorych na raka płuca. Omówiono leczenie farmakologiczne, w tym stosowanie opioidów, niesteroidowych leków przeciwzapalnych i leków wspomagających, a także zabiegi, których celem jest zniesienie bólu.Rak płuca jest nowotworem o jednym z najwyższych wskaźników umieralności na świecie. Problemem w tej populacji chorych pozostaje również występowanie wielu objawów podmiotowych, które mają wpływ na ich jakość życia, w tym bólu. Ból u chorego na nowotwór jest złożonym zjawiskiem, niekiedy o bardzo dynamicznym charakterze, u podłoża którego leży wiele różnych mechanizmów. W niniejszej publikacji przedstawiono mechanizmy patofizjologiczne występowania bólu nowotworowego oraz sposoby leczenia objawów u chorych na raka płuca. Omówiono leczenie farmakologiczne, w tym stosowanie opioidów, niesteroidowych leków przeciwzapalnych i leków wspomagających, a także zabiegi, których celem jest zniesienie bólu
The accuracy of Aziza’s scoring system in limited slice non-enhanced thoracic CT for the diagnosis of adult pulmonary tuberculosis
Get PDFBackground: Tuberculosis (TB) is still a major cause of morbidity and mortality in Indonesia. Thus, a fast and accurate method in diagnosing pulmonary TB (PTB) is needed, especially in adult smear-negative-TB cases. The purpose of this study was to determine the accuracy of a novel scoring system (Aziza’s score) using clinical data and characteristic abnormalities that are found in the limited slice non-enhanced thoracic CT.Methods: This was a prospective cross-sectional study. A limited slice non-enhanced thoracic CT was performed to establish a diagnosis of PTB in patients with suspected PTB and to assess the diagnostic value of the scoring system. A reference standard used in this study was the clinical expertise of two pulmonologists. The scoring system was analyzed using bivariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis.Results: 84 of 130 suspected PTB patients were diagnosed as PTB. They were diagnosed based on pulmonary characteristic abnormalities that were found in the limited slice non-enhanced thoracic CT. The scoring system was analyzed using bivariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis. The total scores which were equal to or more than 29 could diagnose PTB with the accuracy of 96.1% (95% CIs=91.3–98.3), sensitivity of 96.5% (95% CIs=90.1–98.8), and specificity of 95.6% (95% CIs=90.1–98.8), This novel scoring method was name as an Aziza’s scoring system.Conclusion: Aziza’s scoring system performed in the limited slice non-enhanced thoracic CT has a higher accuracy compared to the reference standard for the diagnosis of adult PTB.</jats:p
Hubungan Kondisi Lingkungan Rumah Susun dengan Prevalensi Penyakit Respirasi Kronis di Jakarta
Get PDFPenyakit respirasi kronis seperti asma, pneumonia, tuberkulosis, dan penyakit paru obstruktif kronis(PPOK) merupakan penyebab mortalitas yang tinggi di Indonesia. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalahuntuk mengetahui hubungan antara kondisi lingkungan rumah terhadap prevalensi penyakit respirasikronis yaitu PPOK, batuk kronis, TB paru, asma, pneumonia dan infeksi fungal pada penghuni rusundi Jakarta. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode cross-sectional dengan alat ukur berupa kuesioner.Penelitian dilakukan terhadap 120 keluarga yang tinggal di rusun menengah kebawah di Jakarta padatahun 2012. Variabel lingkungan yang diteliti meliputi ventilasi, pencahayaan, kepadatan hunian, saranasanitasi, suhu udara, dan kelembaban udara. Dari 120 keluarga, didapatkan 513 data penghuni rusundengan prevalensi penyakit respirasi secara total sebesar 41,9%, secara rinci yaitu prevalensi TBparu sebesar 7,6%, PPOK sebesar 1,8%, asma sebesar 1%, infeksi fungal sebesar 0,8%, pneumoniasebesar 0,2%, batuk kronis sebesar 0,6%, dan infeksi saluran pernapasan akut (ISPA) sebesar 32,9%.Hasil analisis menunjukkan terdapat hubungan antara prevalensi penyakit respirasi kronis denganventilasi rusun (p=0,042) , dan dengan pencahayaan dalam rusun (p=0,003). Penyakit respirasi kronismemiliki hubungan dengan keadaan lingkungan yaitu ventilasi dan pencahayaan pada penghuni rusundi Jakarta
Validity of pleural lactate dehydrogenase measurements in assessment of pleural effusions
No full textBackground
Pleural effusions are classified into transudates and exudates based on Light’s criteria, but the main disadvantage of Light’s criteria is the misclassification of transudates as exudates in about 20% of cases. The aim of this study was to determine the validity of various biochemical parameters to differentiate pleural exudates and transudates.
Methods
An observational study to evaluate diagnostics tests was conducted at the emergency department of Persahabatan Hospital, Jakarta, from September 2010 until December 2011. In total, 119 patients with pleural effusion were evaluated. Simultaneous pleural effusion and blood samples were examined for lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), total protein, cholesterol and albumin, with the clinical diagnosis as the gold standard.
Results
There were 104 exudative and 15 transudative pleural effusions. Light’s criteria achieved a higher overall accuracy (sensitivity 97%, specificity 80%, accuracy 95%). The optimum cut off values were pleural fluid to serum ratio of LDH 0.4 (sensitivity 95%, specificity 87%, accuracy 94%) and pleural fluid LDH of 178 IU/L (sensitivity 92%, specificity 87%, accuracy 92%). Pleural fluid cholesterol was 50 mg/dL (sensitivity 89%, specificity 53%, accuracy 85%), pleural fluid to serum cholesterol ratio 0.41 (sensitivity 75%, specificity 53%, accuracy 72%) and serum-effusion albumin gradient 1.3 g/dL (sensitivity 91%, specificity 73%, accuracy 89%). Combination of biochemical tests did not improve sensitivity or accuracy.
Conclusions
Light’s criteria remain superior to other biochemical tests, but the new cut off values of LDH pleural fluid to serum ratio of 0.4 and pleural fluid LDH of 178 IU/L appears to yield a slight improvement in diagnostic accuracy
Pain Management in Lung Cancer
No full textLung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide. Not only burdened by the limited overall survival, lung cancer patient also suffer from various symptoms, such as pain, that implicated in the quality of life. Cancer pain is a complicated and transiently dynamic symptom that results from multiple mechanisms. This review will describe the pathophysiology of cancer pain and general approach in managing a patient with lung cancer pain. The use of opioids, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and adjuvant analgesia, as part of the pharmacology therapy along with interventional strategy, will also be discussed
PENGGUNAAN KATETER INTRAPLEURA (WATER SEALED DRAINAGE, INDWELLING PLEURAL CATHETER, PIGTAIL CATHETER) PADA PENATALAKSANAAN KANKER PARU DENGAN EFUSI PLEURA MASIF
Get PDFMassive pleural effusion is one of the problems in lung cancer treatment that cause death. The main treatment of cancer patient with massive pleural effusion is the placement of intrapleural catheter. This is a preliminary study which is aimed to assess tolerancies and efficacies of intrapleural catheter (WSD, IPC or pigtail catheter) in lung cancer with massive pleural effusion. This study is a retroscpective observational cohort study. Subjects are lung cancer patients with massive pleural effusion and catheterized with intrapleural catheter (WSD, IPC or pigtail catheter). The datas were taken from medical record at RSUP Persahabatan and assessed for tolerancies (acute or late complication) and efficacies ((length of hospital admission after catheter placement, duration and the reason of retraction) of intrapleural catheter. Tolerancies and efficacies of intrapleural catheter (WSD, IPC or pigtail catheter) in lung cancer patients with massive pleural effusion are quite good and safe. Prospective cohort studies are needed in the future to determine which type of intrapleural catheter is better for the treatment of massive pleural effusion in lung cancer patients
P2-215: Outcome of advanced stage non-small-cell lung cancer patients who have received combination carboplatin plus etoposide chemotherapy with radiotherapy in Persahabatan Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia
No full textIn vitro transcription of HIV-1 RNA for standard RNA
Get PDFBackground: The quantitative assays are important tests in the management of patients with HIV-1/AIDS. The important step in developing the assay is the availability of the standard HIV-1 RNA. For this purpose, we optimized in vitro HIV-1 RNA transcription to produce the standard HIV-1 RNA.
Methods: The HIV-1 DNA was amplified from pNL43 by PCR using a primer pair that was specific for conserved region of HIV-1 Gag gene. The PCR product was further cloned into pBluescript II KS. The recombinant plasmid was restricted with EcoRI enzyme. Then, the linearized plasmid was used as template for RNA transcription. RT-PCR and PCR were performed simultaneously for confirmation of synthesized RNA fragment.
Results: A 115 bp DNA of HIV-1 Gag gene has been cloned into pBluescript II SK with the exact true orientation. The reaction of the RNA transcription was also successfully performed. The RNA transcripts have been confirmed and showed the accuracy of the transcripts.
Conclusion: We successfuly constructed the recombinant plasmid containing a conserved region of HIV-1 Gag gene, and the HIV-1 RNA has been transcribed in vitro as well. (Med J Indones. 2011; 20:185-9
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