1,721,019 research outputs found
Structure and Forcing of Observed Exchanges across the Greenland–Scotland Ridge
Get PDFThe Atlantic meridional overturning circulation and associated poleward heat transport are balanced by northern heat loss to the atmosphere and corresponding water-mass transformation. The circulation of northward-flowing Atlantic Water at the surface and returning overflow water at depth is particularly manifested—and observed—at the Greenland–Scotland Ridge where the water masses are guided through narrow straits. There is, however, a rich variability in the exchange of water masses across the ridge on all time scales. Focusing on seasonal and interannual time scales, and particularly the gateways of the Denmark Strait and between the Faroe Islands and Shetland, we specifically assess to what extent the exchanges of water masses across the Greenland–Scotland Ridge relate to wind forcing. On seasonal time scales, the variance explained of the observed exchanges can largely be related to large-scale wind patterns, and a conceptual model shows how this wind forcing can manifest via a barotropic, cyclonic circulation. On interannual time scales, the wind stress impact is less direct as baroclinic mechanisms gain importance and observations indicate a shift in the overflows from being more barotropically to more baroclinically forced during the observation period. Overall, the observed Greenland–Scotland Ridge exchanges reflect a horizontal (cyclonic) circulation on seasonal time scales, while the interannual variability more represents an overturning circulation.publishedVersio
Climatological distributions of δ¹³C of dissolved inorganic carbon in the global oceans
No full textThis data set provides climatological distributions of d13C of dissolved inorganic carbon for the global oceans. This includes present and reconstructed preindustrial d13C, and the decline over the industrialized period; the full oceanic 13C Suess effect. These distributions were constructed as described in:
Eide, Marie; Olsen, Are; Ninnemann, Ulysses S; Eldevik, Tor (in press): A global estimate of the full oceanic 13C Suess Effect since the Preindustrial. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 31(3), 492-514, doi:10.1002/2016GB005472
and
Eide, Marie; Olsen, Are; Ninnemann, Ulysses S; Johannessen, Truls (in press): A global ocean climatology of preindustrial and modern ocean d13C. Global Biogeochemical Cycles, 31(3), 515-534, doi:10.1002/2016GB005473
These articles should be cited whenever the data are used.
The data are provided as two files; one for the global oceans for 200 m and deeper levels, this includes present and preindustrial d13C and the 13C Suess effect; and one that cover the entire water column but only includes the 13C Suess effect estimates as d13C distributions have not been constructed for the upper 200 m. See Eide et al. (2017a) and Eide et al. (2017b) for details. The Suess effect estimates from 200 m and downwards are the same in the two data files.
The climatology is based on data that were mostly collected during the 1990s, and the present d13C and 13C Suess effect distributions should be considered to represent that time period. The preindustrial distribution is based on the modern observations, corrected for the full 13C Suess effect since the industrial revolution.
The data are provided on a 1 degree x 1 degree grid at the following depth levels:
For the present and preindustrial d13C and the 13C Suess effect: 10 to 33 (200 m to 5500 m)
For the 13C Suess effect including the upper 200 m: 1 to 33 (0 to 5500 m
Blue-Action NorCPM AMOC 26N reconstruction
No full text<p>Reconstruction of the past variability of the AMOC at 26°N using the NorCPM system</p>
On observed northern climate change and predictability
No full textInvited presentation at "Understanding Change and Variability in the North Atlantic Climate System", the ACSIS - OSNAP - RAPID Joint Science Meeting 19-21 September 2017, Oxford, UK
Skillful prediction of northern climate provided by the ocean
No full textInvited presentation at the Research Council of Norway's "Svalbard Science Conference 2017 – cooperation for the future", as part of the session "A global context for Svalbard research – connecting to the world
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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