1,720,985 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Modelagem da carbonatação e previsão de vida útil de estruturas de concreto em ambiente urbano
Full text linkEste trabalho propõe um modelo matemático destinado à estimativa da profundidade de carbonatação e à previsão de vida útil de projeto de estruturas de concreto, envolvendo variáveis de entrada de fácil obtenção (como resistência à compressão, tipo de cimento, umidade relativa, entre outras). Com base no conhecimento de experts (grupo focal) criou-se o banco de dados que deu origem ao modelo, o qual considera as principais variáveis de influência na ação da carbonatação, incluindo: às características do concreto (resistência à compressão do concreto aos 28 dias, o tipo de cimento empregado, o teor de adição, quando houver); às condições de exposição (macro clima - ambiente interno ou externo, protegido ou não da chuva); e, às condições ambientais (umidade relativa média da região de exposição da estrutura e o teor de CO2 do ambiente). O modelo matemático proposto baseou-se no ajuste de dados considerando as leis físico-químicas pertinentes, o qual foi testado com dados de investigações experimentais realizadas por outros pesquisadores. Os resultados indicam que o mesmo representa a ação da carbonatação do concreto, apresentando potencial de generalização. Também foi empregado para a previsão de vida útil de projeto, com uma abordagem probabilística via Simulação de Monte Carlo (SMC) e Análise de confiabilidade, inserindo as variabilidades existentes no processo de degradação. Os resultados das simulações demonstram que o modelo pode ser empregado para estimativa de vida útil via processos estocásticos. O modelo foi desenvolvido essencialmente para servir como um suporte para a análise da durabilidade de estruturas de concreto armado em ambiente urbano, podendo ser empregado tanto para a estimativa da profundidade de carbonatação do concreto quanto para a previsão de vida útil de projeto de estruturas novas ou existentes, com abordagem determinística ou probabilística. As maiores vantagens do modelo são relacionadas à entrada de dados os quais podem ser obtidos com relativa facilidade, à facilidade de aplicação e ao potencial de generalização.This research work proposes a mathematical model to estimate carbonation depths and the service life prediction of concrete structures using easily accessible input variables (such as compressive strength, cement type, relative humidity, etc.). The model was designed using a database which was developed using the knowledge of experts (focus group). This database assesses the main variables that affect carbonation in concrete (compressive strength at 28 days, type of cement, concentration of addition, if applicable), exposure conditions (macroclimate – indoors or outdoors, exposure to rain) and environmental conditions (mean relative humidity and carbon dioxide concentration of the area where the structure is located). The proposed model was tested using experimental data from other researchers and the results suggest that it accurately represents the effects of carbonation in concrete, with results that can be expanded to other structures. The mathematical model was also applied to forecasts of the service life of a project using the probabilistic approach of Monte Carlo methods (MC) and an analysis of reliability that accounted for the intrinsic variability found in decay processes. The results of the simulations show that the model can be used to estimate the service life of a project using a stochastic technique. The model was developed to serve mainly as a supporting feature in the assessment of durability in reinforced concrete structures in urban environments and can be applied both to estimates of carbonation depths and to the service life prediction of projects of new or existing structures, using deterministic or probabilistic approaches. The major benefits offered by this model are related to the input of data, which are readily available, its ease of use and its potential for application in general situations
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Contribuição ao estudo da carbonatação do concreto com adição de sílica ativa em ambiente natural e acelerado
Full text linkDevido à preocupação com a durabilidade das estruturas de concreto armado surgiram novas linhas de pesquisa destacando-se, dentre elas, a previsão de vida útil. Estes estudos deram origem a diversos modelos que tentam estabelecer o comportamento do concreto quando exposto a ambientes agressivos durante um determinado período. Existem várias maneiras de se modelar este comportamento: com base em resultados obtidos em experiências anteriores; a partir de ensaios de degradação acelerados; por métodos determinísticos e probabilísticos ou estocásticos. A estimativa de vida útil das estruturas de concreto empregando dados de ensaios acelerados é recomendada pela ASTM E-632 (1996) desde que estes sejam correlacionados com resultados de ensaios não acelerados ou naturais. A correlação entre estes ensaios possibilita a determinação dos coeficientes de aceleração, os quais expressam o número de vezes em que o ensaio acelerado representa o fenômeno de degradação natural. Dentro deste contexto o presente trabalho avalia a carbonatação do concreto com e sem adição de sílica ativa exposto a degradação natural e acelerada, verificando também a influência do teor desta adição e da relação água/aglomerante na carbonatação. Em paralelo foram determinados os coeficientes de carbonatação (kc) e de aceleração (αa). Os concretos estudados possuem relação água/aglomerante de 0,30; 0,35; 0,45; 0,60 e 0,80 e teor de adição de 0; 5; 10; 15e 20%. A carbonatação natural das amostras foi avaliada após 7 anos de exposição ao CO2, tendo como ambiente de degradação a cidade de Porto Alegre, RS. Os dados de carbonatação acelerada foram obtidos aos 7, 28, 63 e 98 dias de exposição ao CO2 com concentração de 5%, temperatura de 25°C e umidade relativa (UR) de 70%. Para o ensaio acelerado, baseado em análise estatística por meio de regressão múltipla não-linear, os resultados apontaram que a adição de sílica ativa em dosagens com relação água/aglomerante elevada aumenta a profundidade de carbonatação do concreto. Para a relação água/aglomerante de 0,80 com 0 e 20% de adição de sílica ativa, os coeficientes de aceleração obtidos foram de 31,15 e 35,49, respectivamente.New researches has been appeared with the concern of reinforced concrete structures durability, standing out the service life prediction. These studies creates some models that establish the concrete performance when exposed to an aggressive environment. There are several ways to modeling this performance: with results obtained in previous tests; with accelerated degradation tests; or deterministic and stochastic methods. The concrete structures service life prediction using short term test data are recommended by ASTM E-632 (1996) since these are correlated with long term test results. The correlation among these tests makes possible the acceleration coefficient determination, which express how the accelerated tests represents the natural degradation phenomenon. In this sense, this work evaluate the concrete carbonation with and without silica fume exposed to natural and accelerated test, verifying the influence of silica fume tenor in this material and water – binder ratio in the carbonation. In addition to this, were determined the carbonation (kc) and acceleration coefficients (αa). The concretes studied has a 0,30; 0,35; 0,45; 0,60 and 0,80 water-binder ratio and 0; 5; 10; 15 and 20% addition tenor. The samples natural carbonation was analyzed after 7 years of CO2 exhibition from Porto Alegre city environment degradation. The accelerated carbonation data were obtained in 7, 28, 63 and 98 days of CO2 exhibition with 5% concentration, temperature of 20°C and humidity of 60%. In accelerated tests, based on statistical analysis through nonlinear estimation multiple regression, the results showed that the silica fume addition in high water-binder ratio mixtures increases the concrete carbonation depth. For water-binder ratio 0,80 with silica fume addition of 0 and 20%, the acceleration coefficients obtained were 31,15 and 35,49, respectively
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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