1,721,007 research outputs found

    Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis

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    The present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed

    Variations on the Author

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    “Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship

    Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis

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    We provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis

    BPA Free Water Essential to Perform Laboratory Studies.

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    The present study aims at assessing Bisphenol A (BPA) level in water used in laboratories. A total of five types of water commonly used in laboratory (tap, softened, distilled, double distilled, commercial LC-MS pure water), were analyzed and BPA was quantified by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). Only the samples of ultrapure water showed BPA levels above detection limits (>0.004 ng/mL). The mean BPA level ranged from 0.008 to 0.473 ng/mL. A higher mean BPA level was found in water obtained from ultrafilter process compared to commercial sources. Activated carbon filtration is necessary to achieve a BPA free level in ultrapure water

    The seduction of evil: Doping and sport activity

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    Introduction: The assumption of substances in order to increase physical performances is a phenomenon practiced for millennia with the use of a large variety of substances. The growing spread of the abuse of performance-enhancing drugs, once limited to professional athletes, represents a significant public health issue involving multiple disciplines and, also, adolescents in both competitive and leisure sports. Material Of Study: The Authors, after an examine of the historical literature on the use and diffusion of doping substances, analysed the data of the international World Ami-Doping Agency Report and the Italian Sectio}! of the National Anti-Doping Organizations. Discussion: Despite the increase in control efforts, the spread of this practice constitutes an important threat to health, but also to the same ethical values of commitment, responsibility and loyalty underlying sports. Children and adolescents represent a population particularly vulnerable to the risks of an expanding market and the disclosure of distorted information. The current social, cultural and psychological dynamics towards increasingly competitive performances and the constant tension towards exceeding the limit, constitute further risk factors for the expansion of this phenomenon also in the leisure field. Conclusions: The earliness and continuity of training and empowerment initiatives aimed to both professionals and to population, particularly young people, can encourage the construction of bonds of solidarity, respect, trust and sharing and decrease doping motivations and perhaps doping behaviour

    Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts

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    We conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more sophisticated methods
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