1,720,955 research outputs found
Comment vivre ses émotions quand on dit ne pas en avoir ? Regard sur les expériences émotionnelles de personnes hautement alexithymiques en contexte clinique
Get PDFAu cœur de la psychothérapie se déploie un processus dans lequel psychologue et client.e tentent ensemble d’apaiser des expériences porteuses de souffrance. Pour ce faire, les psychologues articulent leurs interventions autour des expériences émotionnelles à l’origine de cette souffrance. Or, ceci peut s’avérer particulièrement complexe auprès de client.es qui éprouvent une difficulté à reconnaître et décrire leurs émotions, c’est-à-dire auprès de client.es hautement alexithymiques. Avec pour point de départ une volonté de mieux comprendre des manières de construire des ponts pour discuter des émotions avec ces client.es, cette thèse vise à élargir la compréhension déficitaire et intrapsychique de l’alexithymie en portant un regard sur les dimensions personnelle et relationnelle des expériences émotionnelles de personnes hautement alexithymiques en psychothérapie. Dans le premier article inscrit dans une posture compréhensive pour mieux cerner la dimension personnelle, la perspective de personnes hautement alexithymiques sur leur vécu est explorée afin de définir les caractéristiques présentes (par opposition à absentes) de leurs expériences émotionnelles. À partir de l’analyse de treize entrevues menées auprès de sept participant.es, un modèle interprétatif est proposé. Celui-ci décrit des repères expérientiels (un état de déconnexion et un état indifférencié, reconnus à travers le corps) et externes (des repères rationnels et relationnels) sur lesquels s’appuient des personnes hautement alexithymiques pour mitiger le sentiment de confusion quant à leurs émotions. À travers la combinaison de repères, ces personnes hautement alexithymiques sont en mesure d’identifier certaines émotions, de remarquer leur difficulté à comprendre leur vécu et de donner un sens à cette difficulté. Dans le second article s’appuyant sur une perspective interactionniste pour appréhender la dimension relationnelle, les patrons d’interaction qui interviennent lorsque les émotions sont discutées en psychothérapie avec des client.es hautement alexithymique sont décrits. Les résultats de cet article se basent sur trois séances de psychothérapie analysées conjointement avec des segments d’entrevues individuelles explorant la perspective de personnes hautement alexithymique sur leur processus de psychothérapie. Dans ces résultats, l’alternance entre une posture d’exploration ouverte et une posture active de guide chez les psychologues est décrite. Lorsque les psychologues adoptent une posture d’exploration ouverte des émotions, les client.es adoptent en réponse une posture passive, menant à des interactions désalignées (c.-à-d. marquées par des pauses, des délais, etc.). Afin de rétablir des interactions fluides, les psychologues adoptent une posture active de guide en expliquant des connaissances, en reformulant les difficultés des client.es à partir d’une perspective psychologique, en maintenant l’interaction et en orientant la conversation vers des aspects concrets des émotions. Cette posture était perçue comme aidante par les client.es, qui tendent à leur tour à adopter le point de vue de leur psychologue dans les entrevues individuelles. Ces différents résultats permettent de mieux comprendre comment les personnes hautement alexithymiques donnent un sens à leurs expériences émotionnelles et comment ce sens est négocié en psychothérapie. Plus largement, la mise en dialogue de ces résultats permet de nourrir des réflexions sur les processus de négociations qui s’inscrivent en psychothérapie et de réfléchir aux manières d’élaborer les émotions avec des client.es hautement alexithymiques.At the heart of psychotherapy lies a process in which psychologists and clients work together to alleviate experiences of suffering. To achieve this, psychologists orient their interventions on emotional experiences at the root of suffering. However, this can be particularly challenging when working with clients who struggle to identify and describe their emotions, namely highly alexithymic clients. To better understand how to elaborate on emotions with these clients, this thesis aims to expand on the deficit and intrapsychic models of alexithymia by examining the personal and relational dimensions of the emotional experiences of highly alexithymic individuals in psychotherapy. In the first article that examines the personal dimension of alexithymia, how highly alexithymic individuals construct meaning from their emotional experiences is explored in order to offer a comprehensive understanding of present (as opposed to absent or negative) characteristics of such experiences. Based on the analysis of thirteen interviews with seven participants, we suggest an interpretative model that describes experiential markers (a state of disconnection and an undifferentiated state, recognized through bodily cues) and external markers (rational and relational landmarks). Through the use of markers, highly alexithymic individuals mitigate the confusion they feel about their emotions. Moreover, these markers can be utilized simultaneously to label their emotions, identify their difficulties and give meaning to their emotional experiences. In the second article that explores the relational dimension of alexithymia, interactions between highly alexithymic clients and therapists when discussing emotions in therapy are described within an interactionist perspective. Based on the analysis of three psychotherapy sessions alongside individual interviews exploring the clients' perspectives on their psychotherapy process, we suggest that psychologists alternate between a posture of open exploration and of active guidance. Clients tend to adopt a passive posture in response to open-ended and exploratory interventions from psychotherapists, leading to misaligned interactions (i.e., marked by pauses, delays, etc.). In response, psychotherapists adopt an active guiding posture that repaired and maintained aligned interactions. This guidance is provided by explicitly explaining psychological knowledge, framing the clients’ difficulties from a psychological perspective, sustaining the interaction, and shaping the course of the conversation toward concrete aspects of emotions. Clients adopted their psychologists’ way of framing their difficulties and perceived this posture as helpful. These results help deepen our understanding of how highly alexithymic individuals make sense of their emotional experiences and how discussing emotions is negotiated in psychotherapy with these clients. More broadly, these results are integrated to provide insights on the negotiation processes that occur in psychotherapy, as well as insights on different ways to discuss emotions with highly alexithymic clients
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Former et se former en recherche qualitative.
No full textInternational audienceLes méthodes qualitatives sont, en comparaison avec des méthodes statistiques ou expérimentales, peu décomposées en opérations élémentaires et codifiées, en formules précises et standardisées. Pour les enseignants cela met en question les modes de transmission et d'appropriation de méthodes irréductibles à des techniques ou des outils prêts à l'emploi. Du côté des étudiants, cela interroge sur les apprentissages réalisés tant dans l'enseignement que dans différentes contextes informels. Croisant ces deux perspectives, les contributions de cet ouvrage présentent de manière réflexive des expériences originales de transmission et d'apprentissage en recherche qualitative
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
- …
