1,720,962 research outputs found
Contrôle post-transcriptionnel de l'expression génétique par CELF1dans le développement et les pathologies du cristallin
No full textThe ocular lens allows light to focus on the retina. Its opacification due to age, environmental factors, or genetic risks causes cataracts that can lead to blindness. The post-transcriptional control exerted by the RNA-binding protein CELF1 is critical during lens development. During my thesis, I identified the RNA targets of CELF1 in the lens to uncover the post-transcriptional regulations it exerts and the causes of the cataract observed in the absence of this protein. I first carried out an RNA-seq transcriptomic analysis of newborn mouse lenses to describe on a global scale the transcriptomic perturbations that occur in Celf1-deficient lenses. I then looked for RNAs whose alternative splicing is regulated by CELF1. To this end, I integrated different omics approaches: expression profiling by RNA-seq and identification of CELF1 binding sites on its RNA ligands by iCLIP-seq. Notably, I demonstrated that CELF1 controls the alternative splicing of seven mRNAs encoding cytoskeleton-associated proteins : Ablim1, Ctnna2, Clta, Ywhae, Septin8, Spbn1, and Ank2. Finally, I characterized a new lens organoid model that can mimic some processes of lens development. This model could be a valuable tool for the lens research community.Le cristallin permet à la lumière de se focaliser sur la rétine. Son opacification due à l'âge, à des facteurs environnementaux ou à certaines variations génétiques provoque une cataracte pouvant conduire à une cécité. Le contrôle post-transcriptionnel exercé par la protéine de liaison à l'ARN CELF1 est critique pendant le développement du cristallin. Au cours de ma thèse, j'ai identifié les cibles ARN de CELF1 dans le cristallin afin de comprendre les régulations post-transcriptionnelles qu'elle exerce et les causes de la cataracte observée en absence de cette protéine. J'ai d'abord mené une analyse transcriptomique par RNA-seq sur des cristallins de souris nouveau-nées pour décrire à l'échelle globale les perturbations transcriptomiques qui se produisent dans le cristallin déficient en CELF1. J'ai ensuite recherché les ARN dont l'épissage alternatif est régulé par CELF1 dans le cristallin. Dans ce but, j'ai intégré différentes approches omiques: profilage d'expression par RNA-seq, et identification des sites de liaison de CELF1 sur ses ARN ligands par iCLIP-seq. J'ai ainsi notamment démontré que CELF1 contrôle l'épissage alternatif de sept ARNm codant des protéines associées au cytosquelette: Ablim1, Ctnna2, Clta, Ywhae, Septin8, Sptbn1 et Ank2. Enfin, j'ai caractérisé un nouveau modèle d'organoïde de cristallin qui peut reproduire certains processus du développement du cristallin. Ce modèle pourrait être un outil précieux pour la communauté de recherche sur le cristallin
Post-transcriptional control of gene expression by CELF1 in lens development and pathology
No full textLe cristallin permet à la lumière de se focaliser sur la rétine. Son opacification due à l'âge, à des facteurs environnementaux ou à certaines variations génétiques provoque une cataracte pouvant conduire à une cécité. Le contrôle post-transcriptionnel exercé par la protéine de liaison à l'ARN CELF1 est critique pendant le développement du cristallin. Au cours de ma thèse, j'ai identifié les cibles ARN de CELF1 dans le cristallin afin de comprendre les régulations post-transcriptionnelles qu'elle exerce et les causes de la cataracte observée en absence de cette protéine. J'ai d'abord mené une analyse transcriptomique par RNA-seq sur des cristallins de souris nouveau-nées pour décrire à l'échelle globale les perturbations transcriptomiques qui se produisent dans le cristallin déficient en CELF1. J'ai ensuite recherché les ARN dont l'épissage alternatif est régulé par CELF1 dans le cristallin. Dans ce but, j'ai intégré différentes approches omiques: profilage d'expression par RNA-seq, et identification des sites de liaison de CELF1 sur ses ARN ligands par iCLIP-seq. J'ai ainsi notamment démontré que CELF1 contrôle l'épissage alternatif de sept ARNm codant des protéines associées au cytosquelette: Ablim1, Ctnna2, Clta, Ywhae, Septin8, Sptbn1 et Ank2. Enfin, j'ai caractérisé un nouveau modèle d'organoïde de cristallin qui peut reproduire certains processus du développement du cristallin. Ce modèle pourrait être un outil précieux pour la communauté de recherche sur le cristallin.The ocular lens allows light to focus on the retina. Its opacification due to age, environmental factors, or genetic risks causes cataracts that can lead to blindness. The post-transcriptional control exerted by the RNA-binding protein CELF1 is critical during lens development. During my thesis, I identified the RNA targets of CELF1 in the lens to uncover the post-transcriptional regulations it exerts and the causes of the cataract observed in the absence of this protein. I first carried out an RNA-seq transcriptomic analysis of newborn mouse lenses to describe on a global scale the transcriptomic perturbations that occur in Celf1-deficient lenses. I then looked for RNAs whose alternative splicing is regulated by CELF1. To this end, I integrated different omics approaches: expression profiling by RNA-seq and identification of CELF1 binding sites on its RNA ligands by iCLIP-seq. Notably, I demonstrated that CELF1 controls the alternative splicing of seven mRNAs encoding cytoskeleton-associated proteins : Ablim1, Ctnna2, Clta, Ywhae, Septin8, Spbn1, and Ank2. Finally, I characterized a new lens organoid model that can mimic some processes of lens development. This model could be a valuable tool for the lens research community
Contrôle post-transcriptionnel de l'expression génétique par CELF1dans le développement et les pathologies du cristallin
No full textThe ocular lens allows light to focus on the retina. Its opacification due to age, environmental factors, or genetic risks causes cataracts that can lead to blindness. The post-transcriptional control exerted by the RNA-binding protein CELF1 is critical during lens development. During my thesis, I identified the RNA targets of CELF1 in the lens to uncover the post-transcriptional regulations it exerts and the causes of the cataract observed in the absence of this protein. I first carried out an RNA-seq transcriptomic analysis of newborn mouse lenses to describe on a global scale the transcriptomic perturbations that occur in Celf1-deficient lenses. I then looked for RNAs whose alternative splicing is regulated by CELF1. To this end, I integrated different omics approaches: expression profiling by RNA-seq and identification of CELF1 binding sites on its RNA ligands by iCLIP-seq. Notably, I demonstrated that CELF1 controls the alternative splicing of seven mRNAs encoding cytoskeleton-associated proteins : Ablim1, Ctnna2, Clta, Ywhae, Septin8, Spbn1, and Ank2. Finally, I characterized a new lens organoid model that can mimic some processes of lens development. This model could be a valuable tool for the lens research community.Le cristallin permet à la lumière de se focaliser sur la rétine. Son opacification due à l'âge, à des facteurs environnementaux ou à certaines variations génétiques provoque une cataracte pouvant conduire à une cécité. Le contrôle post-transcriptionnel exercé par la protéine de liaison à l'ARN CELF1 est critique pendant le développement du cristallin. Au cours de ma thèse, j'ai identifié les cibles ARN de CELF1 dans le cristallin afin de comprendre les régulations post-transcriptionnelles qu'elle exerce et les causes de la cataracte observée en absence de cette protéine. J'ai d'abord mené une analyse transcriptomique par RNA-seq sur des cristallins de souris nouveau-nées pour décrire à l'échelle globale les perturbations transcriptomiques qui se produisent dans le cristallin déficient en CELF1. J'ai ensuite recherché les ARN dont l'épissage alternatif est régulé par CELF1 dans le cristallin. Dans ce but, j'ai intégré différentes approches omiques: profilage d'expression par RNA-seq, et identification des sites de liaison de CELF1 sur ses ARN ligands par iCLIP-seq. J'ai ainsi notamment démontré que CELF1 contrôle l'épissage alternatif de sept ARNm codant des protéines associées au cytosquelette: Ablim1, Ctnna2, Clta, Ywhae, Septin8, Sptbn1 et Ank2. Enfin, j'ai caractérisé un nouveau modèle d'organoïde de cristallin qui peut reproduire certains processus du développement du cristallin. Ce modèle pourrait être un outil précieux pour la communauté de recherche sur le cristallin
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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