1,720,966 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Morfologinio neiginio pragmatika: pejoratyvinis ir eufemistinis priešdėlio non- vartojimas prancūzų kalboje
No full textIn this paper I examine a particular type of morphological negation in French, namely non- prefixation on nominal bases (e.g. non-violence ‘nonviolence’). Drawing on a wide range of authentic examples from the Trésor de la Langue Française informatisé (TLFi), the French literary database Frantext and the internet, I show that although the basic meaning of non- prefixation is negation, the nouns prefixed by non- (abbreviated as [non-N]N) may carry an additional nuance, which can be pejorative or euphemistic; hence the hypothesis defended in this paper that the prefix non- can also serve pragmatic purposes.
After having briefly described the morphological and semantic variety of nominal lexemes which can be the input of non- prefixation, I show that [non-N]N can have three different readings, namely what I call the “complementary” interpretation (e.g. les Italiens et les non-Italiens aiment la cuisine italienne ‘Italians and non-Italians like Italian cuisine’), the “ontological” interpretation (e.g. Toute sa vie durant, Gandhi est demeuré convaincu du bien-fondé de la non-violence ‘For all his life, Gandhi was convinced of the legitimacy of nonviolence’), and the “contrary interpretation” (e.g. Les fleurs, je m’en fiche. Serais-je une non-femme? ‘Flowers, I don’t care! Could I be a nonwoman?). In the second section, I describe the pejorative and euphemistic uses of [non-N]N. The pejorative useshave been noticed by several authors (a.o. Gaatone 1971, 1987, Di Sciullo and Tremblay 1993, 1996 for French, Zimmer 1964, Algeo 1971, Bauer 1983, Horn 1989 for English); I show that these uses arise when the [non-N]N have a contrary interpretation and that they are quite frequent. I also emphasize the importance of the discourse context compared to the semantics of the base noun. Then I address the euphemistic uses of [non-N]N, which are linked to the ontological interpretation, and which are more constrained and thus less frequent; I note that these uses function almost as a politeness device. The fourth section provides an attempt to draw a parallel between certain uses of [non-N]N and the polemic and metalinguistic uses of sentential negation, as they have been described by Ducrot (1980, 1984) and Horn (1985, 1989).Šiame straipsnyje aptariamas ypatingas morfologinio neiginio tipas prancūzų kalboje, t.y. daiktavardžių non- prefiksacija (pvz., non-violence ‘nesmurtas’). Remiantis gausiu pavyzdžiais, surinktais iš Trésor de la Langue Française informatisé (TLFi), iš prancūzų kalbos tekstyno Frantext ir iš interneto, parodoma, kad nors non- priešdėlio pagrindinė reikšmė yra neigimas, daiktavardžiai su priešdėliu ne- (sutrumpinti kaip [non-N]N) gali rodyti ir papildomą reikšmės atspalvį - pejoratyvinį arba eufemistinį; taigi šiame straipsnyje daroma prielaida, kad priešdėlis non- gali turėti ir pragmatinę paskirtį. Glaustai aprašius morfologinę ir semantinę daiktavardžių, prie kurių galima pridėti non- priešdėlį, įvairovę, parodoma, kad [non-N]N galima interpretuoti trejopai, t.y. a) laikantis "alternatyvios" reikšmės sampratos (pvz., les Italiens et les non-Italiens aiment la cuisine italienne ‘Italai ir ne-italai mėgsta italų virtuvę’); b) laikantis "ontologinės" reikšmės sampratos (pvz. Toute sa vie durant, Gandhi est demeuré convaincu du bien-fondé de la non-violence ‘visą savo gyvenimą Gandhi buvo įsitikinęs ne-smurto teisėtumu‘ ir c) laikantis „priešingos“ reikšmės sampratos (pvz. Les fleurs, je m’en fiche. Serais-je une non-femme? ‘Gėlės? Man nerūpi! Argi aš ne-moteris?). Antrojoje straipsnio dalyje aptariama eufemistinė ir pejoratyvinė [non-N]N vartosena. Į pejoratyvinę vartoseną anksčiau yra atkreipę dėmesį keli autoriai (Gaatone 1971, 1987, Di Sciullo ir Tremblay 1993, 1996 prancūzų kalboje; Zimmer 1964, Algeo 1971, Bauer 1983, Horn 1989 anglų kalboje). Straipsnyje parodoma, kad tie vartosenos atvejai atsiranda tada, kai [non-N]N turi priešingą reikšmę ir kad jie yra gana dažni. Taip pat pabrėžiama kalbinio konteksto svarba, palyginta su priešdėlėto daiktavardžio semantika. Toliau apžvelgiami [non-N]N eufemistinės vartosenos atvejai, susiję su „ontologine“ interpretacija, kurie yra retesni. Pastebima, kad tokius atvejus paprastai galima laikyti mandagumo apraiškomis. Straipsnio pabaigoje bandoma išvesti paralelę tarp tam tikrų [non-N]N vartosenos atvejų ir poleminių bei metalingvistinių sakinio neiginio atvejų, kaip juos yra aptarę Ducrot (1980, 1984) ir Horn (1985, 1989)
Les non-événements sont-ils l’œuvre d’anti-héros ? Esquisse d’un rapprochement des préfixes non- et anti- en français
No full textIntroduction Cet article vise à décrire un aspect du fonctionnement du préfixe non- sur base nominale en français (dorénavant (non-N]N), à savoir lorsqu’il a une interprétation que j’appelle « contraire » (1), interprétation que j’ai distinguée de l’interprétation « ontologique » (2) et de l’interprétation « contradictoire » (3). Les exemples ci-dessous, tirés de la Toile, illustrent ces trois interprétations : (1) Sujet : Le journal de 13h de Jean-Pierre Pernod sur Tf1 un non journal ?... Po..
Non- in the paradigm of negative prefixes in French : a synchronic and diachronic study
No full textCette thèse porte sur les constructions nominales et adjectivales en non- ([non-N] et [non-Adj])en français d’un point de vue synchronique et diachronique dans le cadre de la grammaire de constructions. À partir d’un corpus constitué d’occurrences de [non-N] et de [non-Adj] issues de la base de données Frantext, de la Base de Français Médiéval, de dictionnaires, de la presse écrite et de la Toile, je montre que le patron [non-N] est une construction morphologique dans laquelle non- est un préfixe, tandis que le patron [non-Adj] est une construction syntaxique où non est un adverbe. Les [non-N] peuvent prendre trois interprétations (que j’appelle ontologique,complémentaire et contraire) selon le type de nom base et les informations pragmatiques fournies par le contexte. Les [non-Adj] sont comparés aux [in-Adj], avec lesquels ils partagent un sémantisme négatif mais dont ils se différencient sur plusieurs points (préférence pour les bases apparentées à des verbes, absence d’intégrité lexicale, expression de la négation contradictoire ou contraire). Je montre que les [non-N] et les [non-Adj] ont en commun des propriétés formelles et sémantiques et je propose de représenter ces constructions comme l’instanciation d’une construction plus générale qui maintient la distinction entre morphologie et syntaxe tout en tenant compte de la proximité entre ces deux constructions. Enfin, je montre que les [non-N] et les [non-Adj] ont émergé à la fin du moyen français à partir d’emplois syntaxiques de non, à la faveur de changements opérés dans le système de la négation verbale du français.This dissertation deals with nominal and adjectival constructions in non- ([non-N] and [non-Adj])in French from a synchronic and diachronic perspective within the framework of constructiongrammar. On the basis of a corpus of [non-N] and [non-Adj] drawn from the Frantext database,the Base de Français Médiéval, dictionaries, the written press and the internet, I show thatthe [non-N] pattern is a morphological construction in which non- is a prefix, whereas the[non-Adj] is a syntactic construction in which non- is an adverb. [Non-N] can have three differentinterpretations (which I call ontological, complementary and contrary), depending on the basenoun and pragmatic information provided in the contex. [Non-Adj] are compared to [in-Adj], withwhich they share a negative meaning but from which they differ in several respects (preferencefor bases related to verbs, no lexical integrity, expression of contradictory or contrary negation).I show that [non-N] and [non-Adj] have common formal and semantic properties and I proposean analysis whereby they are represented as instantiations of a more general construction. Thisanalysis maintains the distinction between morphology and syntax and at the same time takesinto account the similarities between the two constructions. Finally, I show that [non-N] and[non-Adj] have emerged from syntactic uses of non at the end of the Middle French period as aresult of changes in the system of verbal negation in French.37
Nicht-nouns in German : the different faces of negation
No full textAbstract: This dissertation deals with nominal constructions in nicht- ([Nicht-S]) in German from a synchronic perspective within the framework of construction grammar. On the basis of a corpus of [Nicht-S] drawn from the DWDS database, it is shown that the [Nicht-S] pattern is a morphological construction in which nicht- is a prefix. [Nicht-S] can have three different interpretations, which are called ontological, classifying and normative, depending on the base noun and pragmatic information provided in the context. An analysis is proposed whereby they are represented as instantiations of a more general construction
Conference report: "Morphology Days", Louvain-la-Neuve (Belgium), November 22–24 2017
No full textMorphology Days is a (nearly) biennial international meeting which deals with morphology within different frameworks and in various perspectives Previous editions of this conference have taken place in Leuven (2015), Leeuwarden (2013), Leiden (2012), Nijmegen (2011), Luik (2009) and Amsterdam (2007) While the first editions of the conference were mainly addressed to researchers working on morphology in the Netherlands and in Belgium, the last editions – including this one – included international contributions The programme and the book of abstract is available at the conference’s homepage at https://morphologydays2017.wordpress.com/program/. Organized by Philippe Hiligsmann, Kristel Van Goethem, Nikos Koutsoukos and Isa Hendrikx from the Université Catholique de Louvain, and Laurent Raiser from the Université de Liège, this edition of Morphology Days hosted more than 30 researchers, among which 3 plenary speakers, coming not only from Belgium but also from France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Japan, the Netherlands, Spain, the United Kingdom and the United States. Although both inflection and derivation (affixation) where dealt with in the talks, this conference report will only address the studies on derivation
Non- dans le paradigme des préfixes de négation en français : étude synchronique et diachronique
No full textThis dissertation deals with nominal and adjectival constructions in non- ([non-N] and [non-Adj])in French from a synchronic and diachronic perspective within the framework of constructiongrammar. On the basis of a corpus of [non-N] and [non-Adj] drawn from the Frantext database,the Base de Français Médiéval, dictionaries, the written press and the internet, I show thatthe [non-N] pattern is a morphological construction in which non- is a prefix, whereas the[non-Adj] is a syntactic construction in which non- is an adverb. [Non-N] can have three differentinterpretations (which I call ontological, complementary and contrary), depending on the basenoun and pragmatic information provided in the contex. [Non-Adj] are compared to [in-Adj], withwhich they share a negative meaning but from which they differ in several respects (preferencefor bases related to verbs, no lexical integrity, expression of contradictory or contrary negation).I show that [non-N] and [non-Adj] have common formal and semantic properties and I proposean analysis whereby they are represented as instantiations of a more general construction. Thisanalysis maintains the distinction between morphology and syntax and at the same time takesinto account the similarities between the two constructions. Finally, I show that [non-N] and[non-Adj] have emerged from syntactic uses of non at the end of the Middle French period as aresult of changes in the system of verbal negation in French.375Cette thèse porte sur les constructions nominales et adjectivales en non- ([non-N] et [non-Adj])en français d’un point de vue synchronique et diachronique dans le cadre de la grammaire de constructions. À partir d’un corpus constitué d’occurrences de [non-N] et de [non-Adj] issues de la base de données Frantext, de la Base de Français Médiéval, de dictionnaires, de la presse écrite et de la Toile, je montre que le patron [non-N] est une construction morphologique dans laquelle non- est un préfixe, tandis que le patron [non-Adj] est une construction syntaxique où non est un adverbe. Les [non-N] peuvent prendre trois interprétations (que j’appelle ontologique,complémentaire et contraire) selon le type de nom base et les informations pragmatiques fournies par le contexte. Les [non-Adj] sont comparés aux [in-Adj], avec lesquels ils partagent un sémantisme négatif mais dont ils se différencient sur plusieurs points (préférence pour les bases apparentées à des verbes, absence d’intégrité lexicale, expression de la négation contradictoire ou contraire). Je montre que les [non-N] et les [non-Adj] ont en commun des propriétés formelles et sémantiques et je propose de représenter ces constructions comme l’instanciation d’une construction plus générale qui maintient la distinction entre morphologie et syntaxe tout en tenant compte de la proximité entre ces deux constructions. Enfin, je montre que les [non-N] et les [non-Adj] ont émergé à la fin du moyen français à partir d’emplois syntaxiques de non, à la faveur de changements opérés dans le système de la négation verbale du français
- …
