7,373 research outputs found
How to evaluate premature ventricular beats in the athlete: critical review and proposal of a diagnostic algorithm
No full textAlthough premature ventricular beats (PVBs) in young people and athletes are usually benign, they may rarely mark underlying heart disease and risk of sudden cardiac death during sport. This review addresses the prevalence, clinical meaning and diagnostic/prognostic assessment of PVBs in the athlete. The article focuses on the characteristics of PVBs, such as the morphological pattern of the ectopic QRS and the response to exercise, which accurately stratify risk. We propose an algorithm to help the sport and exercise physician manage the athlete with PVBs. We also address (1) which athletes need more indepth investigation, including cardiac MRI to exclude an underlying pathological myocardial substrate, and (2) which athletes can remain eligible to competitive sports and who needs to be excluded
Prevalence and clinical significance of low QRS voltages in healthy individuals, athletes and patients with cardiomyopathy: implications for sports preparticipation cardiovascular screening
No full textLow QRS voltages (LQRSV), defined as a QRS amplitude from peak to nadir < 0.5 mV in all limb leads, are an emerging diagnostic finding on the electrocardiogram (ECG). In healthy individuals and athletes, LQRSV are rare (2.2-4% of elite athletes, 0.5% of recreational athletes, and 0.3% of sedentary individuals). LQRSV athletes commonly show ventricular arrhythmias (VAs) on exercise, and up to 40% of those with LQRSV and VAs have late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) on cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR). The prevalence of LQRSV in arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy ranges from 17-40%, predicts left ventricular (LV) involvement, and is correlated with more extensive LGE replacement on CMR. In hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), LQRSV ranges from 0.7-11%. LQRSV-HCM patients have more segments with LGE, despite relatively smaller LV mass, suggesting a more advanced clinical stage and a worse prognosis. In dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), LQRSV range from 6-7%, but may be higher (36%) in certain genetic forms of DCM. On a follow-up, LQRSV are independently associated with incident cardiac events, such as sudden death, sustained ventricular arrhythmia, or appropriate internal cardioverter defibrillator discharge. In cardiac amyloid, LQRSV range from 34-66% and demonstrate a negative prognostic value, with worse clinical outcomes regardless of underlying biologic, genetic, and clinical variables. In conclusion, LQRSV deserve careful consideration for exclusion of arrhythmogenic substrates in healthy individuals, athletes, and patients. While additional research is needed, it is reasonable that LQRSV should trigger clinical investigation to exclude underlying diseases at risk of life-threatening arrhythmias
Appendix, DS_10.1177_1941738118775039 – Cardiovascular Screening Practices and Attitudes From the NCAA Autonomous “Power” 5 Conferences
No full textAppendix, DS_10.1177_1941738118775039 for Cardiovascular Screening Practices and Attitudes From the NCAA Autonomous “Power” 5 Conferences by Christopher W. Miars, Andreas Stamatis, Grant B. Morgan, and Jonathan A. Drezner in Sports Health: A Multidisciplinary Approach</p
Is there evidence for recommending electrocardiogram as part of the pre-participation examination?
No full textSudden cardiac death (SCD) is the leading cause of death in young athletes on the playing field and typically the result of undiagnosed structural or electrical cardiovascular disease. Cardiovascular screening in athletes is routinely practiced and endorsed by most major sporting and medical associations, but universal agreement on a single screening strategy to identify athletes at risk for SCD remains a topic of tremendous debate. The pool of scientific evidence supporting the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of electrocardiogram (ECG) screening for athletes is growing. However, feasibility and practical concerns regarding false-positive results, cost-effectiveness, physician infrastructure, and health care resources for large-scale implementation of ECG screening still exist. This article examines the evidence related to ECG screening in athletes and presents a contemporary model for primary prevention of SCD in sport
Contemporary Literature. Analysis of Jonathan Bazzi's novels
No full textopenDopo una breve panoramica della letteratura italiana degli ultimi vent’anni si analizzano i due romanzi di Jonathan Bazzi "Febbre" e "Corpi minori" dai punti di vista formale, stilistico e tematico. Si discute inoltre il rapporto tra social media, autofiction e autore; nel capitolo 4 si riporta l'intervista che Bazzi ci ha gentilmente concesso, in cui questi argomenti vengono ripresi.
Si individuano alcune differenze che i testi mostrano rispetto alla letteratura moderna, e gli aspetti che hanno in comune con quella contemporanea; nel fare questo si accennano quindi alcune caratteristiche della società che li ha prodotti.The paper starts off with a brief overview of the contemporary Italian literature; then the reader is guided through an analysis of Jonathan Bazzi's novels, "Febbre" ("Fever") and "Corpi minori" ("Minor bodies"), both translated in English and published by Scribe. The relationship between author, autofiction and social media will also be discussed; in chapter four the reader will find the interview Bazzi kindly granted us
To what extent is Lemuel Gulliver in Gulliver’s Travels by Jonathan Swift a reflection of the writer with regard to political and religious views, and attitudes toward women and the concept of family?
No full textThis extended essay is an examination of the extent to which the protagonist Lemuel Gulliver in Gulliver’s Travels is a reflection of Jonathan Swift. It involves the exploration of this research question in terms of politics, religion, attitude to women and family; with references to this piece of literature and some secondary resources when necessary. The quotations from published literary criticism are either refuted by examples from the novel or supported in the light of evidence from the novel. Other secondary resources include Swift’s two other prose works, The Modest Proposal and A Letter to a Very Young Lady on Her Marriage, which are referred to briefly for clarification of the evidence. The purpose of this study is to analyse in what ways and to what extent the protagonist is an author-surrogate in the abovementioned ways.
This essay is comprised of two sections, namely “politics and religion” and “women and family”, each focusing on a particular aspect of the investigation. In the first section, Swift’s political and religious standpoint is discussed extensively in order to correctly evaluate Gulliver’s paradigm. By making connections between the beliefs of the author and those of Gulliver, the relation between the two is established to support the claim of this essay. In the second section, the female figures in the novel and Gulliver’s perception of them are inspected. The plot is also taken into consideration in this part of the inquiry although the central focus is on the persona.
In the conclusion, it is validated that Gulliver is a reflection of Jonathan Swift with regard to political and religious vision, and attitude towards women and family, by juxtaposing and assembling the main elements of personification of Gulliver and Jonathan Swift’s personal ideas and experiences
Administration and Curricula of the Introductory Graduate Music Research Course
No full textThe introductory research course is an integral part of many graduate music programs, yet there have been few studies that discuss its curricula across institutions. A questionnaire was sent to instructors of the course to identify shared pedagogical approaches among North American schools of music. The survey was divided into sections that prompted respondents to identify issues discussed in the course, including the types and titles of resources, research methodologies, and library use topics. With a response rate of over 40 percent, the survey also contains valuable data concerning the professional identifications of instructors, assignments used for grading, common textbooks, perception of the course’s efficacy, and more. Shared features of the course included the importance of electronic resources; the minimal use of Internet-mediated instruction formats; a strong preference for English-language materials; and a focus on resources such as databases, style guides, collected works, monuments of music, and thematic catalogs over and above others such as repertoire guides, discographies, directories, and iconographies.Peer reviewedThis publication first appeared in Notes Volume 71, Number 3, March 2015, pp. 448-478. This material may not be copied or reposted without explicit permission. Copyright 2015, Jonathan Sauceda
Citizen participation in news
No full textThe process of producing news has changed significantly due to the advent of the Web, which has enabled the increasing involvement of citizens in news production. This trend has been given many names, including participatory journalism, produsage, and crowd-sourced journalism, but these terms are ambiguous and have been applied inconsistently, making comparison of news systems difficult. In particular, it is problematic to distinguish the levels of citizen involvement, and therefore the extent to which news production has genuinely been opened up. In this paper we perform an analysis of 32 online news systems, comparing them in terms of how much power they give to citizens at each stage of the news production process. Our analysis reveals a diverse landscape of news systems and shows that they defy simplistic categorisation, but it also provides the means to compare different approaches in a systematic and meaningful way. We combine this with four case studies of individual stories to explore the ways that news stories can move and evolve across this landscape. Our conclusions are that online news systems are complex and interdependent, and that most do not involve citizens to the extent that the terms used to describe them imply
Acute injuries in track and field athletes: A 3-year observational study at the Penn Relays Carnival with epidemiology and medical coverage implications
No full textBackground\ud
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Few studies have examined acute injuries in track and field in both elite and sub-elite athletes. \ud
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Purpose\ud
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To observe the absolute and relative rates of injury in track and field athletes across a wide range of competition levels and ages during three years of the Penn Relays Carnival to assist with future medical coverage planning and injury prevention strategies. Study design: Descriptive epidemiology study. \ud
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Methods\ud
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Over a 3-year period all injuries treated by the medical staff were recorded on a standardised injury report form. Absolute injury rates (absolute number of injuries) and relative injury rates (number of injuries per 1000 participants) were determined and odds ratios (OR) of injury rates were calculated between sexes, competition levels and events. Injuries were also broken down into major or minor medical or orthopedic injuries. \ud
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Results\ud
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Throughout the study period 48,473 competing athletes participated in the Penn Relays Carnival, and 436 injuries were sustained. For medical coverage purposes, the relative rate of injury subtypes was greatest for minor orthopedic injuries (5.71 injuries per 1000 participants), followed by minor medical injuries (3.42 injuries per 1000 participants), major medical injuries (0.69 injuries per 1000 participants) and major orthopedic injuries (0.18 injuries per 1000 participants). College/elite level athletes displayed the lowest relative injury rate (7.99 injuries per 1000 participants), which was significantly less than high school (9.87 injuries per 1000 participants) and masters level athletes (16.33 injuries per 1000 participants). Males displayed a greater likelihood of suffering a minor orthopedic injury compared to females (OR = 1.36, 95% CI = 1.06 to 1.75; χ2 = 5.73, p = 0.017) but were less likely to sustain a major medical injury (OR = 0.33, 95% CI = 0.15 to 0.75; χ2 = 7.75, p = 0.005). Of the three most heavily participated in events, the 4 x 400m relay displayed the greatest relative injury rate (13.6 injuries per 1000 participants) compared to the 4 x 100 and 4 x 200m relay. \ud
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Conclusions\ud
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Medical coverage teams for future large scale track and field events need to plan for at least two major orthopedic and seven major medical injuries per 1000 participants. Male track and field athletes, particularly masters level male athletes, are at greater risk of injury compared to other genders and competition levels
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