105 research outputs found
The Philosophical Foundations of Investment-Driven IP: On Reason, Faith, and Pluralism
No full textIt seems, once again, that intellectual property law is shifting beneath our feet. As Robert Merges put it a decade ago, if IP were a city, then the old city centre is today ‘surrounded by new buildings and new neighbourhoods, knots of urban growth, budding in every direction, far off into the distance’.1 That old city centre was built during the nineteenth-century age of possessive individualism.2 Ideologies of the romantic author and sole inventor helped erect the city’s foundational principle that one deserves ownership in the products of mental labour.3 Yet, in the early twentieth century, US Supreme Court Justice Louis Brandeis could still write that ‘the general rule of law is, that the noblest of human production – knowledge, truths ascertained, conceptions, and ideas – become, after voluntary communication to others, free as the air to common use’.4 A century later, that general rule rings less true.5 Investment-driven rights, and investment-driven extensions to old rights, have helped expand the city’s boundaries. What started out as a small cadre of related rights, sui generis rights, and quasi-IP rights now contribute to an urban sprawl of new neighbourhoods spreading as far as the eye can see. New denizens – the trivially creative and insignificantly innovative goods explored in this volume – now are protected inside the city’s walls. What was the city of Intellectual Property has become the city of Investment Property
The Rights of Refugees and the Right to Privacy along the US-Canadian Border
No full textIn this episode, Dr. Antje Ellermann, Associate Professor of Political Science and Co-Director of UBC Migration speaks with two legal scholars, Dr. Efrat Arbel, Associate Professor in the Allard School of Law, and Dr. Benjamin Goold, Professor in the Allard School of Law. They discuss how the public health crisis is changing immigration procedures at the US-Canadian border and putting additional strain on the rights of refugees and refugee claimants attempting to enter Canada, as well as on other border crossers whose right to privacy is being challenged. They assess the troubled legacy of the Safe Third Country Agreement signed by the US and Canada, the role of contact tracing apps, immigration detention and why the pandemic raises serious concerns about the place of human rights in Canada and beyond. Recorded on June 9 on the traditional, ancestral and unceded territories of the Musqueam people. Produced by Douglas Ober with music by the Mini Vandals featuring Mamadou Koïta and Lasso
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The Rights of Refugees and the Right to Privacy along the US-Canadian Border
No full textIn this episode, Dr. Antje Ellermann, Associate Professor of Political Science and Co-Director of UBC Migration speaks with two legal scholars, Dr. Efrat Arbel, Associate Professor in the Allard School of Law, and Dr. Benjamin Goold, Professor in the Allard School of Law. They discuss how the public health crisis is changing immigration procedures at the US-Canadian border and putting additional strain on the rights of refugees and refugee claimants attempting to enter Canada, as well as on other border crossers whose right to privacy is being challenged. They assess the troubled legacy of the Safe Third Country Agreement signed by the US and Canada, the role of contact tracing apps, immigration detention and why the pandemic raises serious concerns about the place of human rights in Canada and beyond. Recorded on June 9 on the traditional, ancestral and unceded territories of the Musqueam people. Produced by Douglas Ober with music by the Mini Vandals featuring Mamadou Koïta and Lasso
Lipid metabolism and storage in the microalga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii
No full textNeutral lipid accumulation by microalgae has recently regained considerable interest as these organisms are considered as a promising feedstock for the production of renewable biodiesel. Nitrogen deprivation is well described as a trigger for neutral lipid accumulation in various species of microalgae including Chlamydomonas.However nitrogen deprivation provokes a stop in protein synthesis and cell division, therefore limiting microalgal biomass productivity. In order to elucidate mechanisms of lipid accumulation in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii, a mutant exhibiting elevated TAG levels is characterized. The mutant exhibits reduced chlorophyll but elevated starch and neutral lipids under strong illumination in replete medium. Genetic characterization has revealed 41 missing genes whose detailed study is beyond the scope of this thesis. However this mutant has highlighted the link between luminosity and TAG biosynthesis. High light has also previously been reported as a trigger to induce oil accumulation. To gain insights into the differences in molecular mechanisms behind oil accumulation processes under nitrogen starvation to that of high light, lipidomic changes in separate cultures subjected to the either stress condition was performed. Results showed that despite intracellular TAGs were found to accumulate to lower levels in response to high light in comparison to nitrogen deprivation; the TAGs productivity was higher due to a persistent biomass production. Furthermore differences in both the lipid and protein composition were observed in lipidomes and proteomes determined by pure extracts of lipid bodies isolated from both conditions revealing differences in lipid bodies isolated from different conditions
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