130,444 research outputs found
Co-designing public spaces
No full textIn recent years grassroots initiatives related to public spaces increased defining a process of urban regeneration. It is led by communities of users, starting from their needs and mainly related to a combination of spaces and services. The transformation of the city is sometimes temporary, related to occasional events or to figure out some solutions (i.e urban furnishing, tactical urbanism) to prototype and test some scenarios and collect data and feedback to transform them into permanent deign outputs.
Designers have usually the role of activators and facilitators, guiding the set of stakeholders in the process of definition of the solutions.
This chapter analyzes and discusses co-design processes about the transformation of public spaces in the context of applied research activities driven by the authors. In particular, the focus is on the change of some key areas in the Nolo district in Milan and some spaces in primary and secondary schools in Milan, Turin and Padua led by the Polimi Desis Lab, a research team based at the Design department of the Politecnico di Milano
MeSH term explosion and author rank improve expert recommendations
No full textInformation overload is an often-cited phenomenon that reduces the productivity, efficiency and efficacy of scientists. One challenge for scientists is to find appropriate collaborators in their research. The literature describes various solutions to the problem of expertise location, but most current approaches do not appear to be very suitable for expert recommendations in biomedical research. In this study, we present the development and initial evaluation of a vector space model-based algorithm to calculate researcher similarity using four inputs: 1) MeSH terms of publications; 2) MeSH terms and author rank; 3) exploded MeSH terms; and 4) exploded MeSH terms and author rank. We developed and evaluated the algorithm using a data set of 17,525 authors and their 22,542 papers. On average, our algorithms correctly predicted 2.5 of the top 5/10 coauthors of individual scientists. Exploded MeSH and author rank outperformed all other algorithms in accuracy, followed closely by MeSH and author rank. Our results show that the accuracy of MeSH term-based matching can be enhanced with other metadata such as author rank
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
"Closing the R&D Gap, Evaluating the Sources of R&D Spending"
No full textBoth spending and tax policies have been implemented in the United States with the goal of stimulating private sector research and development (R&D). Karier questions whether current R&D policy, especially the research and experimentation tax credit, can contribute to closing the gap between nondefense expenditures on R&D in the United States and such expenditures in other countries, such as Japan and Germany. He also explores possible changes to our current R&D policy to make it more effective.
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Scholarly Communication and Publishing Lunch and Learn Talk #11: The ULS Open Access Author Fee Fund
No full textAt the May 2014 talk, you will learn about the ULS Open Access Author Fee Fund--what it is, why we do it, how it works, and how the program is going so far
The R&D Tax Incentives
No full textThis article sets out some background information and reflections of the author on the R&D tax incentive schemes included in the Common Corporate Tax Base (CCTB) Proposal. In particular the author analyzes the stimulus to private R&D through ad hoc tax incentives included in the CCTB Proposal and dives into the actual provisions included in the Proposal highlighting the most relevant issues connected with their design and interpretation. Moreover, the author explores the interaction between the CCTB Proposal and the granting by Member States of domestic R&D tax incentives
A case of intrauterine fetal death related to furcate cord insertion: a brief review of the literature and professional liability considerations
No full textThe furcate insertion of the umbilical cord is an uncommon abnormality, often asymptomatic, potentially dangerous, or lethal for the fetus and the mother. This report shows the case of a healthy 29-year-old patient, at 37 weeks of gestation, admitted to the hospital two days before the due date because of the appearance of uterine contractions; clinical exams were regular. The following day, no fetal movements were perceived, a cardiotocography was performed, showing the absence of fetal heartbeat. A dead fetus was delivered. Autopsy showed furcate insertion of the umbilical cord and the rupture of the umbilical vessel, which caused fetal hemorrhagic shock. Furcate insertion still remains mostly undiagnosed and rarely it can be identified prenatally (only three cases are reported in literature). Future research, mainly in forensic fields, could improve the knowledge about this condition, helping prenatal diagnosis and providing warnings that can prevent similar deaths in the future
What Is the Role of Barbed Suture in Laparoscopic Myomectomy? A Meta-Analysis and Pregnancy Outcome Evaluation
No full textBackground: This work analyzes the feasibility and effectiveness of barbed suture during laparoscopic myomectomy. Methods: Eight works have been carefully examined for the meta-analysis from all papers published online until November 2017. Results: Barbed suture proved to be superior to traditional suture technique in blood loss in laparoscopic myomectomy (Standardized Mean Difference [SMD] -0.650, 95% CI -1.420 to -0.119, p = 0.098, test for heterogenity p < 0.0001, I2 = 95.54%), Hb drop (SMD -1.452, 95% CI -3.590 to 0.687, p = 0.183, test for heterogenity p < 0.0001, I2 = 99.08%), suturing difficulty (SMD -0.638, 95% CI -0.935 to -0.342, p ≤ 0.001, test for heterogenity p = 0.25, I2 = 27.84%), suturing time (SMD -1.197, 95% CI -1.848 to -0.549, p ≤0.001, test for heterogenity p = 0.0001, I2 = 83.30%) and total operative time (SMD -0.687, 95% CI -0.804 to -0.569, p ≤ 0.001, test for heterogenity p = 0.292, I2 = 17.44%). Barbed suture demonstrated to be better in comparison with the control group even with regard to the length of hospitalization (SMD -0.278, 95% CI -0.543 to 0.012, p = 0.040, test for heterogenity p = 0.025, I2 = 61.85%), and to perioperative complications (SMD 0.708, 95% CI 0.503-0.996, p = 0.048, test for heterogenity p = 0.79, I2 = 0%). Conclusion: Barbed suture significantly facilitates laparoscopic myomectomy by reducing the total operative/suturing time, estimated blood loss/Hb drop, and reduction of perioperative complications
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