296 research outputs found
About the relationship between science and policy. Why a difference exists between the (educational) sience and the trade union of education and science
No full textDer Beitrag ist eine Antwort auf einen vorherigen Artikel von Dieter Wunder, dem ehemaligen Vorsitzenden der Gewerkschaft Erziehung und Wissenschaft (GEW). "In Heft 2/06 hatte Dieter Wunder die Deutung zurückgewiesen, die Achim Leschinsky in der Zeitschrift für Pädagogik für \u27das Scheitern des Deutschen Bildungsrates\u27 formuliert hatte. In seiner Replik erläutert Leschinsky seine Position, dass zwischen Wissenschaft und Politik eine Differenz besteht, die nicht ignoriert werden darf." (DIPF/Orig./So)In number 2/06 of this journal Dieter Wunder rejected the interpretation which Achim Leschinsky (in Zeitschrift für Pädagogik) had formulated concerning the "failure" of the German educational council. In his reply the author explains his position that between science and policy a difference exists which must not be ignored. (DIPF/Orig.
Fair Use
No full textZum Ausgleich des Interessenkonfliktes zwischen Urheberrechtsinhaber und Werknutzer haben sich im internationalen Vergleich zwei grundlegend unterschiedliche Regelungstechniken entwickelt. Das eine Modell – dessen prominentester und wirtschaftlich bedeutendster Vertreter die Vereinigten Staaten von Amerika sind – versucht den Interessenausgleich dadurch zu erreichen, dass einem umfassend gewährten Urheberrecht eine ebenso offene Schrankengeneralklausel gegenübergestellt wird. Der zweite, traditionell in den kontinentaleuropäischen Rechtsordnungen vorzufindende und auch in das deutsche Urheberrechtsgesetz übernommene Typus sieht dagegen einen abschließenden Katalog von Einzelausnahmen vor. Achim Förster widmet sich den Rechtssetzungsmöglichkeiten bei der Ausgestaltung urheberrechtlicher Schranken und stellt hierzu die Fair Use-Doktrin des US-amerikanischen Copyright Act (17 U.S.C. § 107) dem Schrankenkatalog des deutschen Urheberrechtsgesetzes (§§ 44a ff. UrhG) gegenüber. Er vergleicht Herkunft, Funktion und Handhabung der Schrankensysteme und untersucht deren Verwurzelung im Verfassungsrecht und in der Urheberrechtstheorie. Aus inter- und supranationaler Sicht stellt er die Frage, welche konkreten Vorgaben sich aus dem Völker- und Europarecht für die Ausgestaltung der nationalen Urheberrechtsschranken ableiten lassen. Der Autor wendet die so gewonnenen Erkenntnisse auf die aktuelle Diskussion zur Flexibilisierung des Schrankenkataloges an und bewertet die rechtspolitischen Optionen des deutschen Gesetzgebers.Addressing the different legislative approaches to copyright limitations, Achim Förster compares the wide scope of the U.S. fair use doctrine (17 U.S.C. § 107) with the German set of explicitly enumerated statutory exceptions. He assesses the major criteria for deciding whether or not certain uses are permitted under U.S. or German copyright law and addresses the question of why these criteria have emerged as a characteristic feature of each system. In addition, the author deals with the influence of international and European law on national copyright legislation and in conclusion makes a contribution to the German discussion on copyright reform
The performance of Bulgarian food markets during reform
No full textFood policy often depends on markets and markets depend on institutions. But how good do institutions have to be before reforms can be launched? Relying on well timed surveys of agricultural prices and a joint study by the Government of Bulgaria and the World Bank on agricultural market institutions, this paper presents evidence that performance in food markets improved following significant policy reforms in Bulgaria, although public institutions remained weak. This suggests that even though strong institutions are preferred to weak ones, it can be costly and impractical to delay policy reforms until work on strengthening institutions is finished. Still, measured performance varied by place and by commodity, suggesting that markets developed at different tempos and that the distribution of benefits from improved markets was uneven. This points to the need to address the costs of adjustment as policies change. The paper introduces a new approach to measure market performance based on composite-error techniques.Markets and Market Access,Transport Economics Policy&Planning,Economic Theory&Research,Access to Markets,Agribusiness
Engineering of cartilage tissue constructs in a 3-dimensional perfusion bioreactor culture system under controlled oxygen tension
No full textThe most relevant results generated in this thesis can be summarized as follow:
· Adult human articular chondrocytes (AHAC) from elderly individuals expanded in culture
medium supplemented with the growth factors TGFβ-1, FGF-2 and PDGF and subsequently
cultured in 3-d pellets had an enhanced chondrogenic capacity when exposed to more
physiological (i.e. 5%) oxygen levels.
· In correlation with the enhanced tissue forming capacity of AHAC from elderly donors under
low oxygen tension, the mRNA expression levels of selective matrix degrading enzymes
were reduced as compared to conventional in vitro oxygen culture condition.
· We developed an integrated bioreactor system, which streamlines within a single device the
phases of perfusion cell seeding and prolonged perfusion culture of cell seeded scaffolds in
vitro.
· The culturing of uniformly seeded adult human articular chondrocytes under direct perfusion,
where cells are continuously exposed to a normoxic range of oxygen levels, can maintain a
uniform distribution of viable cells throughout thick porous scaffolds as compared to
statically cultured constructs.
· The culturing of constructs uniformly seeded with adult human articular chondrocytes under
a more physiological range of oxygen resulted in a higher chondrogenic differentiation as
compared to culture under normoxic levels. Anyhow, this effect was less pronounced as
compared to statically cultured cell constructs or micromass cell pellets, possibly due to the
flow induced shear forces.
· Reduced perfusion flow rates applied to chondrocytes on porous scaffolds significantly
induced more cartilaginous tissue in the presents of low vs. high oxygen levels. However the
effects of low oxygen were not as marked as in pellet culture
Komische Geschichte(n): Der ironische Historismus in Achim von Arnims Roman Die Kronenwaechter
No full textThis thesis presents a new evaluation of Achim von Arnim\u27s principal work by focusing on the role of historical change, irony, the comical and the grotesque as the major constituents of the text. Employing some concepts of Neo-Historicism and poststructural textual analysis, the discourse of the novel is shown in its exchange with the prevailing discourses of the time in the areas of literary criticism, philosophical reflection, natural sciences, and political theory. Discontinuity and disjunction appear as the basic operating mechanisms of a text characterized by an inundating diversity of themes and motifs. The text is seen as open ended in that it refuses to provide the answers to the questions it raises by neither subjecting itself to the triadic philosophical concepts of German Idealism nor proposing any solutions to the political instability of the period depicted in the novel. This reflects the author\u27s uncertainty regarding the historical situation of his own time. The text mechanisms develop from an ironic mode of writing which applies itself as destructive humor exploding into comic particularization. The turn toward the grotesque destroys the desire of the text to create meaning and reveals the specific historicism of Arnim as essentially ironic. The analysis of the interrelatonship between discontinuity of form and plurality of motif patterns is a significant factor to be considered by future thematic studies
Good and Bad Prayers, before Albertus Pictor: Prolegomena to the history of a late medieval image
No full textKeywords: allegory, mural paining, Albertus Pictor, prayer, material culture, crucifixion, church reformSummary:The article represents the first comprehensive examination of the late medieval image of the Good and Bad Prayer, a complex and rare visual allegory of the treasures of Heaven and the treasures of earth (Matthew 6:19–21, 24) created sometime during the first half of the fourteenth century and still in use during the second half of the sixteenth. Focusing on the early history of the image, from its likely inception in a monastic milieu to its wider dissemination by itinerant muralists in Denmark and Sweden during the 1470s – 1490s – the workshop of Albertus Pictor being a chief case in point – the analysis is embedded in a wider discussion of late medieval pictorial didacticism, of attitudes toward materialism and conspicuous consumption, and of the later fourteenth- and fifteenth-centuryculture of lay prayer. A preliminary catalogue of the forty or soknown examples of the Good and Bad Prayer concludes this investigation.CV :Achim Timmermann is Associate Professor at the Department of the History of Art at the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, where he teaches medieval and northern Renaissance art and architecture. His current research interests include the pictorial and architectural stage- management of the body of Christ, the role of public monuments in medieval civic and rural life, and late medieval allegory. He is author of Real Presence: Sacrament Houses and the Body of Christ, c. 1270–1600 (2009), of the forthcoming monograph Representation and Redemption: Sacred Landscape and the Late Medieval Public Monument, and of over thirty articles on various aspects of medieval and Renaissance visual and architectural culture
Lanelet2 for nuScenes: Map Dataset
No full textLanelet2 maps for the nuScenes dataset, which enable the usage of diverse map-based anchor paths and spatial semantic information. For details see our paper and project page. We also provide a pip package to facilitate the usage.
The maps were generated automatically and subsequently manually refined.
If you use this resource for scientific research, please consider citing
@InProceedings{naumannHertleinLanelet2NuScenes2023,
author = {Naumann, Alexander and Hertlein, Felix and Grimm, Daniel and Zipfl, Maximilian and Thoma, Steffen and Rettinger, Achim and Halilaj, Lavdim and Luettin, Juergen and Schmid, Stefan and Caesar, Holger},
title = {Lanelet2 for nuScenes: Enabling Spatial Semantic Relationships and Diverse Map-Based Anchor Paths},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR) Workshops},
month = {June},
year = {2023},
pages = {3247-3256}
Therapeutic antibody engineering by high efficiency cell screening
No full textAbstractIn recent years, several cell-based screening technologies for the isolation of antibodies with prescribed properties emerged. They rely on the multi-copy display of antibodies or antibody fragments on a cell surface in functional form followed by high through put screening and isolation of cell clones that carry an antibody variant with the desired affinity, specificity, and stability. Particularly yeast surface display in combination with high-throughput fluorescence-activated cell sorting has proven successful in the last fifteen years as a very powerful technology that has some advantages over classical generation of monoclonals using the hybridoma technology or bacteriophage-based antibody display and screening. Cell-based screening harbours the benefit of single-cell online and real-time analysis and characterisation of individual library candidates. Moreover, when using eukaryotic expression hosts, intrinsic quality control machineries for proper protein folding and stability exist that allow for co-selection of high-level expression and stability simultaneously to the binding functionality. Recently, promising technologies emerged that directly rely on antibody display on higher eukaryotic cell lines using lentiviral transfection or direct screening on B-cells. The combination of immunisation, B-cell screening and next generation sequencing may open new avenues for the isolation of therapeutic antibodies with prescribed physicochemical and functional characteristics
ILAS LAGLOBAL Seminar Series: Talking about Objects of Knowledge
No full textLondon : 7 October 2020 17h30-19h30 : Seminar - Venue Online : Professor Miruna Achim (Universidad Autonoma Metropolitana, Mexico City), author of From Idols to Antiquity : Forging the National Museum of Mexico (Nebraska, 2017). Convenor : Professor Mark Thurner (ILAS) Read more : https://ilas.sas.ac.uk/events/event/2281
Global optimization in reduced space
No full textThesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Chemical Engineering, 2014.This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.Includes bibliographical references (pages 203-216).Optimization is a key activity in any engineering discipline. Global optimization methods, in particular, strive to solve nonconvex problems, which often arise in chemical engineering, and deterministic algorithms such as branch-and-bound provide a certificate of optimality for the identified solution. Unfortunately, the worst-case runtime of these algorithms is exponential in the problem dimension. This leads to the notion of reduced-space problem formulations where either the number of variables that the algorithm branches on is reduced or only the actual degrees of freedom are visible to the optimization algorithms, following a partition of the variables into independent and dependent ones. This approach introduces new challenges though: McCormick relaxations, which are very easily applied in this setting, can be nonsmooth, the minima are very likely to be unconstrained causing the cluster problem and the information contained in the constraints is not as readily exploited. In this thesis, several advances to both theory and methods are reported. First, a new analysis of the cluster problem is provided reaffirming the importance of second-order convergent bounding methods. The cluster problem refers to the phenomenon whereby a large number of boxes in the vicinity of a minimum are visited by branch-and-bound algorithms. In particular, it is shown that tighter relaxations can lead to a significant reduction in the number of boxes visited. Next, a constraint propagation technique for intervals is extended to McCormick relaxations. This reverse McCormick update utilizes information in the constraints and improves relaxations of the dependent variables, which can be used to either strengthen the relaxations of the feasible set or, using generalized McCormick relaxations, to construct reduced-space relaxations of the objective function. Third, a second-order convergent interval bounding method for the zeros of parametric nonlinear systems of equations is presented. This is useful to provide second-order convergent interval information to generalized McCormick relaxations, e.g., in the reverse propagation scheme. Fourth, the theory underpinning McCormick relaxations is extended to a class of discontinuous functions. It is further shown that branch-and-bound algorithms still possess their convergence properties.by Achim Wechsung.Ph. D
- …
