1,720,953 research outputs found
An evaluation of the military operations carried out by Türkiye to the North of Syria between 2015-2020 in the context of the law of use of force
No full textKüreselleşen dünyada birçok yeni tehdit ortaya çıkarken eski tehditler de etkisini artırarak devletler için bir sorun olmaya devam etmektedir. Güncel dünya düzeninin ve uluslararası siyasetin en sarsıcı tehditlerinden olan uluslararası terörizm, hem devletler hem de bireyler için tehdit düzeyini giderek artıran bir sorundur. Devletler, uluslararası örgütler ve diğer aktörler uluslararası terörizmle etkin yollar aracılığıyla mücadele etmektedir. Özellikle devletler, hem tek başlarına bir aktör olarak hem de uluslararası örgütler aracılığıyla uluslararası terörizmle birlikte mücadele etmektedirler. Terörizm kavramının ortak bir tanımı dahi yapılamamışken terörizmle mücadele konusunda aktörlerin de doğal olarak farklı fikirleri mevcuttur. Devletler uluslararası terörizmle mücadelede egemenliklerini, vatandaşlarını ve topraklarını korumak için askeri operasyonlar gerçekleştirmekte ve bunu hukuki gerekçelere dayandırmaktadırlar. Zira bir devletin uluslararası arenada gerçekleştirdiği tüm faaliyetlerin temelinde hukuka uygunluk yatmaktadır. Bu bağlamda kuvvet kullanma hukukunun tartışmalı doğası da incelenmesi gereken diğer bir önemli konu olarak öne çıkmaktadır. Bu nedenle devletlerin gerçekleştirdiği sınır ötesi askeri operasyonların hukuki zeminleri de kuvvet kullanma hukuku bağlamında incelenmelidir. Bu hususta terörizmle mücadele kapsamında askeri harekât gerçekleştiren ülkelerden biri olan Türkiye, Suriye'nin kuzeyine beş askeri operasyon gerçekleştirmiştir. Bu kapsamda Türkiye'nin, Suriye'nin kuzeyine gerçekleştirdiği beş askeri operasyonun hukuki zeminlerinin araştırılması bu tezin temelini oluşturmaktadır. Tezin Türkiye'nin gerçekleştirdiği bu beş askeri operasyonun hukuki zeminine katkı sunması amaçlanmaktadır. Gerçekleştirilen bu beş operasyonun kuvvet kullanma hukuku bağlamında değerlendirilmesi ve operasyonların hukuki zeminlerinin araştırılması Türkiye'nin gelecekte uluslararası arenadaki faaliyetlerine de katkı sağlayacaktır.While many new threats emerge globally, old threats remain problematic for states by increasing their influence. International terrorism, one of the most shocking threats to the current world order and international politics, is a problem that is expanding its threat level for states and individuals. States, international organizations and other actors are fighting global terrorism effectively. In particular, states fight against international terrorism as stand-alone actors and through international organizations. While even a common definition of terrorism has not been made, actors naturally have different ideas about the fight against terrorism. States carry out military operations to protect their sovereignty, citizens and territory in the fight against international terrorism, and they base this on legal grounds. Because one of the essential dimensions of a state's activities in the international arena is the legal dimension, in this context, the controversial nature of the law on the use of force stands out as another critical issue to be examined. For this reason, the legal grounds of the states' extraterritorial military operations should also be examined in the context of the law on the use of force. In this regard, Türkiye, one of the countries that carried out military operations within the scope of the fight against terrorism, carried out five military operations in northern Syria. In this context, the investigation of the legal grounds of the five military operations carried out by Türkiye in the north of Syria constitutes the basis of this thesis. It is aimed that the thesis will contribute to the legal basis of these five military operations carried out by Türkiye. Evaluating these five operations in the context of the use of force law and investigating the legal grounds of the operations will also contribute to Türkiye's activities in the international arena in the future
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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