1,721,042 research outputs found
COVID-19 and the environment Links, impacts and lessons learned
No full textSince early 2020, the disease caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), known as COVID-19 (first detected at the end of 2019), has hit societies worldwide, unsparingly, causing massive impacts on people’s lives: our health, activities, livelihoods, societies and economies. However, over the course of the pandemic, COVID-19 is not the only crisis our human and planetary systems have been dealing with. While the pandemic has been progressing, the world has simultaneously been undergoing other existing crises: those of biodiversity loss, loss of environmental health and rapid climate changes, associated with resource use, land-use changes and ongoing emission of carbon into the atmosphere. A growing world population and encroachment into areas of high biodiversity and microbial diversity, often in search of food, minerals or for farming purposes has meant that habitats and species are increasingly under pressure from human activities (IPBES, 2020)
Invasive Alien Species - Prioritising prevention efforts through horizon scanning: ENV.B.2/ETU/2014/0016: Final report
No full textThe European Union Regulation (EU) 1143/2014 on invasive alien species (IAS)
establishes an EU-wide framework for action to prevent, minimise and mitigate the
adverse impacts of IAS on biodiversity and centres around the development of a list of
IAS of EU Concern. The initial list of IAS of EU concern will be based on available risk
assessments compliant with agreed minimum standards but horizon scanning is seen
as critical to inform future updating of the list, in order to prioritise the most
threatening new and emerging IAS.
A workshop was held with the overarching aim of reviewing and validating an
approach to horizon scanning to derive a ranked list of IAS which are likely to arrive,
establish, spread and have an impact on biodiversity or related ecosystem services in
the EU over the next decade.
The agreed horizon scanning approach involved two distinct phases:
i) Preliminary consultation between experts within five thematic groups to derive initial
scores;
ii) Consensus-building across expert groups including extensive discussion on species
rankings coupled with review and moderation of scores across groups.
The outcome of the horizon scanning was a list of 95 species, including all taxa
(except microorganisms) within marine, terrestrial and freshwater environments,
considered as very high or high priority for risk assessmentLe Règlement de l’Union Européenne (UE) 1143/2014 sur les espèces notices
envahissantes (EEE) établit un cadre d’actions à l’échelle européenne pour prévenir,
réduire au minimum et atténuer les impacts négatifs des EEE sur la biodiversité, et se
concentre sur le développement d’une liste d’EEE de préoccupation européenne. La
liste initiale d’EEE de préoccupation européenne est basée sur les analyses de risque
disponibles conformes aux standards minimums reconnus. Mais l’horizon scanning est
essentiel pour informer les mises à jour futures de la liste, dans le but de prioritiser les
EEE nouvelles et émergentes les plus menaçantes.
Un workshop a été organisé avec pour but général d’évaluer et de valider une
approche d’horizon scanning en vue de produire une liste ordonnée d’EEE susceptibles
d’arriver, de s’établir, de se disperser et de présenter un impact sur la biodiversité et
les services écosystémiques associés dans l’UE durant la prochaine décennie.
L’approche d’horizon scanning avalisée comprenait deux phases distinctes:
i) Une consultation préliminaire entre experts au sein de cinq groups thématiques pour
produire des scores initiaux
ii) L’établissement de consensus au travers des groups d’experts incluant une
discussion approfondie sur les classements des espèces, combinée à une évaluation et
une modération des scores entre groupes.
Le résultat de l’horizon scanning consistait en une liste de 95 espèces, comprenant
tous les types taxonomies (excepté des microorganismes) au sein des environnements
marins, terrestres et d’eau douce, et considérées comme étant de priorité très élevée
à élevée pour la réalisation d’analyses de risqu
Invasive Alien Species - Prioritising prevention efforts through horizon scanning: ENV.B.2/ETU/2014/0016: Final report
No full textThe European Union Regulation (EU) 1143/2014 on invasive alien species (IAS)
establishes an EU-wide framework for action to prevent, minimise and mitigate the
adverse impacts of IAS on biodiversity and centres around the development of a list of
IAS of EU Concern. The initial list of IAS of EU concern will be based on available risk
assessments compliant with agreed minimum standards but horizon scanning is seen
as critical to inform future updating of the list, in order to prioritise the most
threatening new and emerging IAS.
A workshop was held with the overarching aim of reviewing and validating an
approach to horizon scanning to derive a ranked list of IAS which are likely to arrive,
establish, spread and have an impact on biodiversity or related ecosystem services in
the EU over the next decade.
The agreed horizon scanning approach involved two distinct phases:
i) Preliminary consultation between experts within five thematic groups to derive initial
scores;
ii) Consensus-building across expert groups including extensive discussion on species
rankings coupled with review and moderation of scores across groups.
The outcome of the horizon scanning was a list of 95 species, including all taxa
(except microorganisms) within marine, terrestrial and freshwater environments,
considered as very high or high priority for risk assessmentLe Règlement de l’Union Européenne (UE) 1143/2014 sur les espèces notices
envahissantes (EEE) établit un cadre d’actions à l’échelle européenne pour prévenir,
réduire au minimum et atténuer les impacts négatifs des EEE sur la biodiversité, et se
concentre sur le développement d’une liste d’EEE de préoccupation européenne. La
liste initiale d’EEE de préoccupation européenne est basée sur les analyses de risque
disponibles conformes aux standards minimums reconnus. Mais l’horizon scanning est
essentiel pour informer les mises à jour futures de la liste, dans le but de prioritiser les
EEE nouvelles et émergentes les plus menaçantes.
Un workshop a été organisé avec pour but général d’évaluer et de valider une
approche d’horizon scanning en vue de produire une liste ordonnée d’EEE susceptibles
d’arriver, de s’établir, de se disperser et de présenter un impact sur la biodiversité et
les services écosystémiques associés dans l’UE durant la prochaine décennie.
L’approche d’horizon scanning avalisée comprenait deux phases distinctes:
i) Une consultation préliminaire entre experts au sein de cinq groups thématiques pour
produire des scores initiaux
ii) L’établissement de consensus au travers des groups d’experts incluant une
discussion approfondie sur les classements des espèces, combinée à une évaluation et
une modération des scores entre groupes.
Le résultat de l’horizon scanning consistait en une liste de 95 espèces, comprenant
tous les types taxonomies (excepté des microorganismes) au sein des environnements
marins, terrestres et d’eau douce, et considérées comme étant de priorité très élevée
à élevée pour la réalisation d’analyses de risqu
Support to the development of the fourth clean air outlook – Final report
Get PDFThe overall objective for this service request was to provide the underlying analysis to support the preparation of the Commission’s fourth Clean Air Outlook report. Alongside this, the outputs will also help to inform the Commission’s review of the NEC Directive due in 2025. In line with the service request, the analysis undertaken as part of this contract should help to address a series of research questions: - To what extent will the national emission reduction commitments (ERC) set in the NEC Directive be achieved for the periods 2020-29 and 2030 onwards with the implementation of the existing and proposed EU and national legislation? - To what extent will the 2030 target of the Zero Pollution Action Plan to “reduce by more than 55% compared to 2005 the health impacts (premature deaths) of air pollution” be achieved with the implementation of the existing and proposed EU and national legislation? - To what extent will the 2030 target of the Zero Pollution Action Plan to “reduce by 25% compared to 2005 the EU ecosystems where air pollution threatens biodiversity” be achieved with the implementation of the existing and proposed EU and national legislation? - What are the most effective and efficient measures per Member State to reduce ammonia emissions so as to achieve their ammonia emission reduction commitments for the periods 2020-29 and 2030 onwards and the Zero Pollution Action Plan ecosystem related target? - How has the implementation of the NEC Directive influenced air pollutant emissions in recent and current years as opposed to source legislation at EU or national level? As with previous iterations of the Clean Air Outlook, the engagement with, and involvement of, Member State experts has been critical for ensuring the analysis is robust and reflective of the situation across the EU
Characterization of unplanned water reuse in the EU. Final Report
Get PDFIn order to assess policy options regarding requirements for water reuse via agricultural irrigation and groundwater recharge, the European Commission requested an additional source of information. Thus, the aim of this study was to benchmark the current degree of unplanned water reuse in Europe, in particular in areas that are practicing agriculture irrigation and artificial groundwater recharge using surface water. This assessment included a characterization of qualities of water sources currently used in agricultural irrigation in the EU, including direct and indirect reuse of treated wastewater. In addition, the extent of unplanned reuse and the impact of the development of planned (and direct) water reuse has been assessed for case studies in selected EU river basins in Spain, Italy, France and GermanyCon el fin de evaluar las opciones políticas relativas a los requisitos de reutilización del agua a través del riego agrícola y la recarga de aguas subterráneas, la Comisión Europea solicitó una fuente adicional de información. Por lo tanto, el objetivo de este estudio era comparar el grado actual de reutilización no planificada del agua en Europa, en particular en las zonas que practican el riego agrícola y la recarga artificial de aguas subterráneas con aguas superficiales. Esta evaluación incluyó una caracterización de la calidad de las fuentes de agua utilizadas actualmente en el riego agrícola en la UE, incluida la reutilización directa e indirecta de las aguas residuales tratadas. Además, se ha evaluado el alcance de la reutilización no planificada y el impacto del desarrollo de la reutilización planificada (y directa) del agua para estudios de caso en cuencas hidrográficas seleccionadas de la UE en España, Italia, Francia y Alemania
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Regulatory provisions governing key aspects of unconventional gas extraction in selected Member States. Final report
Get PDFAnalysis and presentation of the results of the public consultation "Unconventional fossil fuels (e.g. shale gas) in Europe
Get PDFVariations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
- …
