1,721,037 research outputs found
Dinges, Martin; Sack, Fritz (Hg.): Unsichere Großstädte? : vom Mittelalter zur Postmoderne / [rezensiert von] Bernd Belina
No full textRezensiertes Werk: Dinges, Martin ; Sack, Fritz: Unsichere Großstädte? : Vom Mittelalter bis zur Postmoderne / Martin Dinges; Fritz Sack (Hg.). - Konstanz : UVK, Univ.-Verl. Konstanz, 2000. - 396 S. : graph. Darst. - (Konflikte und Kultur - historische Perspektiven ; 3) ISBN 3-87940-652-
La investigación histórica y el debate actual sobre la salud masculina: el caso de Alemania
Full text linkThe current discourse on men’s health refers too insistently to an obsolete and monolithic pattern of masculinity contrasting “men” with “women” in a simplistic manner. However, historical analysis shows the remarkable changes that have occurred in the health of men, both in terms of their attitudes and their behaviors, since the industrial revolution; so, for example, the relationship between masculinity and risk behavior throughout life, the professional life and the world of work, and also the medical evaluation of certain high-risk behaviors such as smoking. Differences of the life expectancy between men and women deserve an explanation more accurate and less simplistic. From a historical perspective of longue-durée, it is also a myth that men keep silent on matters of health.El discurso actual sobre la salud masculina remite con demasiada insistencia a una imagen obsoleta y monolítica de la masculinidad contrastando de manera simplista el colectivo “hombres” con el de las “mujeres”. Sin embargo, el análisis histórico hace muy evidentes los notables cambios que se han producido en la salud de los hombres, tanto en lo que se refiere a sus actitudes como a sus comportamientos, desde la revolución industrial; así, por ejemplo, se ha transformado no solamente la vida profesional y el mundo del trabajo, sino también la relación entre la masculinidad y el comportamiento de riesgo a lo largo de la vida y, asimismo, la evaluación médica de ciertos comportamientos de alto riesgo como fumar. Las diferencias en la esperanza de vida entre hombres y mujeres merecen una explicación más precisa y menos simplista. Desde una perspectiva histórica de longue-durée, también es un mito que los hombres guarden silencio en asuntos de salud
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
The Haverhoeks and their patients: the popularity of unqualified homoeopaths in the Netherlands in the early twentieth centur
No full textFrom contrasting inequalities towards intersectionally differentiated healthy life styles? The position of gender inequalities in leading paradigms in the social history of medicine and health research, 1750–2000
Full text linkAt first the author reconsiders the leading paradigms of the social history of medicine and health research during the last decades and their different ways to conceptualize gender: medicalization, the medical market place, patients’ history and health history. He then turns to the concept of intersectionality and applies it to central issues of a genderspecific history of health: He considers health resources: the genderspecific capacity to speak and write about the body, health and illness; nutrition; bodily movement and sports – and behavior such as smoking. He shows, how genderspecific attributions and the role of class have changed in various degrees during the last 200 years. Gender-specific appropriations of health services are analysed next. Attending a physician or using medications changed fundamentally around 1860: men who were more active in this field before 1860, were overtaken by women afterwards.
In his conclusion the author argues that the concept of intersectionality does not consider variables such as the person’s position during the lifecycle, the sociocultural-context of the actors and supply and range of markets sufficiently. All three do heavily influence health behaviors in a long-term historical perspective. The author postulates to abandon the idea of a strong relation between class or gender with specific health statuses or behaviors. Instead he pleads for a more open and empirical research on how socio-cultural milieus and gendered health behaviors are linked through different healthy life-styles.At first the author reconsiders the leading paradigms of the social history of medicine and health research during the last decades and their different ways to conceptualize gender: medicalization, the medical market place, patients’ history and health history. He then turns to the concept of intersectionality and applies it to central issues of a genderspecific history of health: He considers health resources: the genderspecific capacity to speak and write about the body, health and illness; nutrition; bodily movement and sports – and behavior such as smoking. He shows, how genderspecific attributions and the role of class have changed in various degrees during the last 200 years. Gender-specific appropriations of health services are analysed next. Attending a physician or using medications changed fundamentally around 1860: men who were more active in this field before 1860, were overtaken by women afterwards.
In his conclusion the author argues that the concept of intersectionality does not consider variables such as the person’s position during the lifecycle, the sociocultural-context of the actors and supply and range of markets sufficiently. All three do heavily influence health behaviors in a long-term historical perspective. The author postulates to abandon the idea of a strong relation between class or gender with specific health statuses or behaviors. Instead he pleads for a more open and empirical research on how socio-cultural milieus and gendered health behaviors are linked through different healthy life-styles
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