1,720,955 research outputs found
Replication data for: High and Hyper: Fentanyl Induces Psychomotor Side-Effects in Healthy Pigs
No full textPigs used in research are often subjected to procedures for which pain relief is crucial. However, the literature indicates that analgesics are under-reported and under-used in experiments involving pigs. Fentanyl is one of the opioids used to provide post-operative pain relief in experimental pigs. Analgesic requirements are often assessed using behavioral indicators such as activity. However, the effects of fentanyl on behavior in pigs are largely unknown. The aims of the current study were to investigate how fentanyl influences behavior in pigs, and if serotonin could be involved in fentanyl-induced behavioral side effects.
The dataset contains data used for statistical analysis in the paper high and hyper: Fentanyl induces psycomotor side-effects in healthy pigs
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Serotonerg modulasjon av motoriske responser forårsaket av fentanyl hos gris
Get PDFFentanyl can give rise to central nervous system (CNS) and motor excitatory effects in different species. The clinical presentation of these effects varies from changes in mood or mental state such as dysphoria, euphoria and agitation, to motor excitation such as increased locomotion, tremors, rigidity and laryngospasm. In pigs, motor excitation in the form of tremors has been linked to fentanyl. The tremors can be attenuated at higher fentanyl dosages, in parallel with immobility to noxious stimuli. These effects could be explained by the involvement of the serotonergic system.
The main aim of this thesis was to test the possible role of serotonin in fentanyl motor excitation, inhibition and behavioural alterations. As pieces in a puzzle, this was done by three experimental studies in pigs together addressing three objectives. As a first objective, a possible association between the fentanyl-induced tremors in pigs and the serotonergic 5HT2A receptor or opioid receptor was tested. The second objective was to investigate the motor inhibition produced by fentanyl to a noxious stimulus and whether this could involve serotonergic efferent motor pathways through 5HT1A receptor activation. As fentanyl is also used to provide postoperative analgesia in experimental pigs, the effect of fentanyl on behaviour and activity was assessed in the last experimental study, including a test of the role of the 5HT2A receptor in any behavioural and activity changes.
Results from this thesis show that fentanyl can induce excitatory motor effects with tremors, increased locomotion and behavioural excitation in anaesthetised and awake pigs. Some excitatory effects can be efficiently reduced by targeting the 5HT2A receptor with an antagonist. At higher dosages, fentanyl will attenuate the motor response to claw clamping in anaesthetised pigs. We were not able to detect a significant effect coupled to the 5HT1A receptor and this motor inhibition to a noxious stimulus.
In conclusion, this insight contributes to our knowledge of opioid motor effects, where some can be explained by serotonergic involvement. This understanding is important for research pigs but could also have potential implications for other species which experience CNS and motor excitatory effects due to opioids.Fentanyl er et opioid brukt terapeutisk for både mennesker og dyr som analgetikum. Midlertidig kan noen arter utvikle bivirkninger i form av både sentralnervøs og motorisk eksitasjon. Den kliniske presentasjonen av disse bivirkningene kan variere, mellom endring i emosjonell eller mental status som dysfori, eufori eller agitasjon, til motoriske bivirkninger i form av økt lokomosjon, skjelvinger, rigiditet og laryngospasme. På den andre siden så kan fentanyl også dempe motoriske effekter. Hos gris i anestesi gir fentanyl opphav til skjelvinger. En motorisk effekt som avtar dersom man øker fentanyl dosen, samtidig som man også får en reduksjon av motorisk respons ved nociseptiv stimulering. Evnen fentanyl har til å produsere disse effektene kan muligens forklares dersom serotonin er involvert.
Målet med dette prosjektet var å teste en mulig assosiasjon mellom fentanyl og serotonin på motoriske effekter forårsaket av fentanyl. Dette ble gjort ved å utføre tre eksperimentelle studier. Som første delmål ønsket vi å undersøke om skjelving indusert av fentanyl hos gris kunne kobles mot aktivering av serotonin 5HT2A reseptoren eller opioid reseptoren. Som neste mål ville vi undersøke om den motoriske inhiberingen produsert av fentanyl ved nociseptiv stimulering kunne involvere motoriske efferente baner via 5HT1A reseptor aktivitet. Ettersom fentanyl også blir brukt som et postoperativt analgetikum til gris ønsket vi ved siste delmål å kartlegge hvordan denne påvirker atferd og bevegelse hos gris, og om noen av effektene kunne linkes mot det serotonerge systemet.
Resultatene fra denne avhandlingen viser at fentanyl gir opphav til eksitatoriske effekter hos gris i form av skjelving, økt lokomosjon og atferdsendringer. Noen av disse effektene lot seg reversere etter administrasjon av en 5HT2A antagonist. Ved høyere doser så inhiberte fentanyl den motoriske responsen ved klemming av klauv. Vi klarte ikke å vise en årsakssammenheng mellom denne effekten og den serotonerge 5HT1A reseptoren.
Kunnskap fra denne oppgaven gir innsikt i mekanismer bak de motoriske responsene forårsaket av fentanyl hos gris. Denne kunnskapen er nyttig for gris, men har også overføringsverdi til andre arter der vi opplever motorisk eksitasjon forårsaket av opioider
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Replication Data for: CO2 stunning in pigs: Physiological deviations at onset of excitatory behaviour.
No full textStunning by carbon dioxide (CO2) inhalation is controversial, and excitatory behaviour is commonly observed. It is still unknown which behaviours indicate transition into unconsciousness. Our study objective was to investigate loss of consciousness by linking physiological variables to the start of behaviours observed during CO2 inhalation. The dataset consist of physiological and behavioural data used in the study
- …
